| 词条 | Haliburton Forest |
| 释义 |
The Haliburton Forest & Wild Life Reserve Ltd. (Haliburton Forest) is a privately owned forest, comprising {{convert|300|km2|sqmi|-1}} in Haliburton County, Ontario, Canada. It is about {{convert|270|km|mi|-1}} northeast of Toronto, and just south of and abutting Algonquin Provincial Park. Haliburton Forest is a "multi-use forest", with attractions such as the Haliburton Forest Wolf Centre, a canopy walk as well as the world's only freshwater tour submarine.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} Haliburton Forest operates recreation, tourism and education programs year-round. Its forestry operations were the first to be certified by the international Forest Stewardship Council in Canada. Haliburton Forest supports ecosystem based research projects, primarily conducted by the University of Toronto's Faculty of Forestry. HistoryThe northern townships of Peterborough County in the British North-American Province of Upper Canada were first surveyed during the winters of 1862/63. In 1885, 10 of these townships (basically the present municipality of Dysart et al, Ontario) were sold to the London-based Canadian Land and Emigration Company under the leadership of Thomas Chandler Haliburton. The company planned on subdividing its holdings into {{convert|100|acre|km2|adj=on}} lots and selling them to British emigrants as farmland. Those plans crumbled as soon as it became obvious that the lands in question, with the exception of small parcels, were unsuitable for agriculture. The company went into receivership and was renamed the "Canadian Land and Immigration Company", with headquarters in Toronto. From 1870 to 1910, large lumber companies acquired cutting rights and cleared most of the white pine stands. By the 1930s, up to {{convert|80,000|acre|km2}} remained in the hands of the Algonquin Corporation who continued harvesting timber until they were acquired by Hay and Co., a veneer milling company based in Woodstock, Ontario, in 1946. Between 1946 and 1971, more than {{convert|150000000|board feet|m3}} of lumber had been sawn and several million more board feet of veneer left northern Haliburton for the mother mill in Woodstock. Most of this timber was cut on the land that today makes up Haliburton Forest. By 1960, two forest inventories suggested that the harvestable volume of timber was rapidly declining on Hay and Co. lands, which had been taken over in the meantime by Weldwood of Canada. The decline through harvesting methods and volumes during the past was deemed detrimental to future production and the land was put up for sale. In 1962, German Baron von Fuerstenberg acquired the Weldwood property and renamed his holding Haliburton Forest and Wild Life Reserve Ltd. Previously, the lakeshores of Redstone and Kennisis Lakes had been sold off to a development company. The timber rights remained with the Weldwood mill until 1967 before being turned over to the new company. A few years later, in 1970, the sawmill at Kennisis Lake closed down. The traditional activities on which Haliburton Forest has always depended and which have prevented development from destroying the wilderness are still underway. Logging is conducted on an extensive scale and in a way that improves the quality of the forest, a major reversal of past practices. Rather than taking the best wood, the company's foresters take out the low quality and mature trees. The result is a high quality, healthy forest for the future.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} FishingSeveral of the lakes within the park are home to native brook trout and lake trout. Four lakes (Stocking Lake, Dutton, No Name Lake, Wildcat Lake) are known to be naturally reproducing Brook Trout lakes – a rarity. There are also several bass fisheries within the forest. Among them Kelly and Johnson Lake are easily accessible, while Gadwall and especially Powderhorn pose a challenge to access. Wolf CentreThe Wolf Centre opened in July 1996 to the general public and is home to a pack of five timber wolves (Canis lupus). Within the {{convert|61000|m2|sqft|-2|adj=on}} enclosure (one of the largest in the world), they roam freely. Fed on a random schedule (approximately once a week), they can often be found hanging out near the viewing area. As this is close to both the highest point in the enclosure and the water source, they are often nearby. Three months prior to the opening, Patricia Wyman, a new employee at the facility, lost her life due to five wolves attacking her. After this incident, her body was found wearing nothing and it featured multiple mauling wounds. Conservation and forestryThe privately owned Haliburton Forest claims to strike a balance between short-term requirements of a successful, operational business and long-term needs of sustainable resource use and conservation. Over the past four decades, its {{convert|70,000|acre|km2}} have been transformed from a depleted forestry holding to a multi-use operation which contributes economically and environmentally to the surrounding rural community. Haliburton Forest was the first forest in Canada certified as a "sustainable forest" under the stringent guidelines of the international Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). The certifying agency at that time was Boston, MA based Smartwood/Rainforest Alliance.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} EcoLog HomesEcoLog Homes is a builder and supplier of log home kits. The logs they harvest come from the {{convert|70,000|acre|km2}} privately owned Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve Ltd. Mature hemlock come due for harvesting every season, some measuring up to thirty inches in diameter. Each tree is felled and skidded by horse before being transported to the nearby Haliburton Forest Mill. Each board is squared for timbers or sawn into boards for planking. Canopy Tour -- A Walk in the CloudsThis experience includes: a guided van tour through the private lands of Haliburton Forest and Wildlife Reserve Ltd., passing through forests and along lakes and streams; a 0.5 km walk along the scenic Pelaw River; a short, guided voyageur-canoe ride across a wilderness lake to the final destination—Canopy Boardwalk. SnowmobilingWith {{convert|80,000|acre|km2}} of forest wilderness, 50 lakes, and numerous ponds and creeks, Haliburton Forest is the only wholly privately owned snowmobiling operation in the world. The core of the {{convert|300|km|mi|-1|adj=on}} trail system is double tracked and up to {{convert|20|ft|m|sigfig=1}} wide. Scenic single tracked trails access some of the remote areas within the property. Half a dozen shelter cabins equipped with stoves and firewood line the trail system. DogsleddingIntroductory, half and full-day dogsledding tours are available at Haliburton Forest along groomed winter trails with over 130 Siberian Huskies. Professional guides provide introduction to the basics of dogsledding. Mountain bikingBikers have a choice of access roads, forest trails, or a route that covers some of the toughest terrain in the Province. The cycling season runs from Victoria Day to the weekend after Thanksgiving. AstronomyDue to its location three hours north of the lights of the Golden Horseshoe, Haliburton Forest is part of the Algonquin Dome, offering light-free viewing of the skies. This location allows astronomers to observe stars, galaxies and deep sky objects not normally observed in light polluted locations. The observatorySituated on a small rise near the entrance point into the forest, the observatory offers an unobstructed view of the night skies. Once the roof rolls off, it reveals its identity as a home for telescopes and other astronomy equipment. The ground floor is set up for presentations. There are two 10″ and one 12″ Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes. They are self-tracking and equipped with computerised functions accessing a 64,000 object database. Sawmill toursThe new Haliburton Forest sawmill opened to the public in 2010. A platform overlooks the working mill, providing a view of the sawmilling processes. The Forest FestivalThe annual Forest Festival presents a mixture of the performing and visual arts within Haliburton Forest and Wild Life Reserve. External links
4 : Geography of Haliburton County|Forests of Ontario|Buildings and structures in Haliburton County|Tourist attractions in Haliburton County |
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