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词条 Hastings, Minnesota
释义

  1. History

     Railroads 

  2. Geography

  3. Demographics

     2010 census  2000 census 

  4. Transportation

  5. Education

  6. Notable people

  7. Sites of interest

  8. References

  9. External links

{{other uses|Hastings (disambiguation)}}{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2018}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hastings
| official_name = Hastings, Minnesota
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = HastingsCH.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = City Hall, originally the Dakota County Courthouse
| image_flag =
| image_map = Dakota_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Hastings_Highlighted.svg
| mapsize = 250px
| map_caption = Location of the city of Hastings
within Dakota County in the state of Minnesota
| image_map1 =
| mapsize1 =
| map_caption1 =
| coordinates = {{coord|44|44|N|92|51|W|region:US-MN|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_type2 = Counties
| subdivision_name1 = Minnesota
| subdivision_name2 = Dakota, Washington
| established_date = 1857

| government_type =


| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Mary Fasbender
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = [1]
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 28.84
| area_total_sq_mi = 11.13
| area_land_km2 = 26.64
| area_land_sq_mi = 10.29
| area_water_km2 = 2.19
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.85

| elevation_m = 222


| elevation_ft = 725
| population_total = 22172
| population_as_of = 2010
| population_footnotes = [2]
| population_density_km2 = 852.78
| population_density_sq_mi = 2208.59
| population_est = 22722
| pop_est_as_of = 2017
| pop_est_footnotes = [3]
| population_metro = 3,524,583
| postal_code_type = ZIP code
| postal_code = 55033
| area_code = 651
| website = City of Hastings
| footnotes =
| established = Incorporated
| timezone = CST
| utc_offset = -6
| timezone_DST = CDT
| utc_offset_DST = -5
| blank_name = FIPS code
| blank_info = 27-27530[2]
| blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
| blank1_info = 0644715[3]
}}Hastings is a city in Dakota and Washington counties, in the U.S. state of Minnesota, near the confluence of the Mississippi, Vermillion, and St. Croix Rivers. Its population was 22,172 at the 2010 census.[4] It is the county seat of Dakota County,[5] which contains most of it as well as a small part extending into Washington County. It is named for the first elected governor of the state of Minnesota, Henry Hastings Sibley.[6]

The advantages of Hastings's location that led to its original growth are that it is well-drained, provides a good riverboat port, and is close to a hydropower resource at the falls of the Vermillion River. Other sites closer to the river confluence are either too swampy (Dakota County) or too hilly (Washington County and Pierce County, Wisconsin).

U.S. Highway 61 and Minnesota State Highways 55 and 316 are three of the main routes in Hastings.

History

The area around Hastings was first settled by a military detachment sent from Fort Snelling to guard a blocked shipment of supplies in the winter of 1820. A Lieutenant William G. Oliver camped in an area that would come to be known as Oliver's Grove, and in 1833 a trading post was opened there.[7] After the Treaty of Mendota of 1851 opened the area for white settlement, Oliver's Grove was surveyed and incorporated as a city in 1857, a year before Minnesota's admission to the union. That same year Hastings was named the county seat of Dakota County. The name "Hastings" was drawn out of a hat from suggestions placed in it by several of the original founders.[8]

In the mid-19th century Hastings, the nearby city of Prescott, Wisconsin, and the adjacent township of Nininger were areas of tremendous land speculation, billed by Ignatius L. Donnelly as a potential "New Chicago". The Panic of 1857 put an end to this dream. The speculation and Panic caused the cities' growth to be less than expected given their location at the confluence of two significant rivers; today, their combined population is approximately 25,000, and all that remains of Nininger is a few buildings.

Hastings is the site of the second-oldest surviving county courthouse in the state (after Stillwater), finished in 1871 at a cost of $63,000. The county administration began the process of moving to a new facility in 1974, and in 1989 the City of Hastings purchased the old building. It was rededicated in 1993 as City Hall.

In 1895 a spiral bridge was built over the Mississippi River, designed to slow down horse-drawn traffic as it entered downtown. The novel design became a tourist attraction, but the bridge was demolished in 1951 because it could not handle modern vehicles.

In 1930, the Army Corps of Engineers completed Lock and Dam No. 2 at Hastings, part of the canal lock systems on the Mississippi that stretch from Minneapolis to St. Louis. Lock and Dam No. 2 is the site of the nation's first commercial, federally licensed hydrokinetic power facility, a partnership between the City of Hastings and Hydro Green Energy, LLC of Westmont, IL.

Fasbender Clinic, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, is a city landmark.

Railroads

Hastings had its name affixed to two major Minnesota railroads, the Hastings & Dakota Railway and the Stillwater & Hastings Railway.

In 1867 civic leaders William LeDuc, John Meloy, Stephen Gardner, E. D. Allen, and P. Van Auken—with financial backing from investors John B Alley, Oliver Ames, William Ames and Peter Butler—incorporated the Hastings & Dakota Railway with the goal to "cross the Rocky Mountains and meeting the Pacific Ocean". During the 1870s the H&D was completed from Hastings all the way to the South Dakota border at Ortonville. During this time, the H&D became part of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad (Milwaukee Road) and become known as the H&D Division of the Milwaukee Road. The H&D also built the famous "Lake Street Depression" in Minneapolis, which gave the H&D two districts around Minneapolis and St. Paul: the south district from Hastings to Cologne via Chaska, and the north district from Hastings to Cologne via St. Paul/Minneapolis. While the H&D never made it to the Pacific on its own, the H&D Division became the mainline of the Milwaukee's Coast Extension to Seattle, which the Milwaukee completed in 1909.

In 1880 a new branch line called the Stillwater & Hastings was built between the two cities, which funneled logging and agriculture products from Stillwater to Hastings, allowing Hastings to become an important railroad switching hub. In 1882 the Milwaukee Road gained control of the S&H and operated it as a profitable branch line. The Milwaukee abandoned the entire S&H line in 1979, one year short of its 100th year of service.

Today, the entire north H&D district remains intact from Minneapolis to Ortonville—except for the Lake Street Depression—and is operated by the Twin Cities & Western Railroad from Minneapolis to Hanley Falls and by BNSF Railway between Hanley Falls and Ortonville. Nearly all of the south H&D district was abandoned over time, with the last section between Shakopee and Cologne abandoned in the early 1970s. The Canadian Pacific Railway spur from downtown Hastings to the Ardent Mills mill atop the Vermillion Falls is all that remains of the south H&D district. The old H&D trestle over the Vermillion River at Hastings — which was replaced four different times — is now part of a bicycle path. The H&D bridge over the Minnesota River at Chaska remained until 1995, when it was removed by the Army Corps of Engineers as the Chaska levees were rebuilt.

Canadian Pacific Railway now operates the former Milwaukee mainline through town as well as the Ardent Mills spur.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|11.18|sqmi|sqkm|2}}; {{convert|10.24|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.94|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[9] The Mississippi River forms most of the northern border of Hastings, while the Vermillion River flows through the southern part of town, over a falls adjacent to a ConAgra grain elevator. Bluffs lie along the northern shore of the Mississippi River and there is a gorge surrounding the Vermillion River below the falls. Hastings is home to two small lakes, Lake Rebecca and Lake Isabel. Both drain into the Mississippi River. The northeast corner of town is known as "The Bottoms"; an area of soggy marshland and flood plain for the Mississippi and Vermillion Rivers.

Hastings is on the Mississippi side of the confluence with the St. Croix River, so that the St. Croix is "across" the Mississippi River. The city of Prescott, Wisconsin is located on the Wisconsin side of the confluence.

{{Weather box
|location = Hastings, Minnesota
|Jan high F = 21
|Feb high F = 28
|Mar high F = 39
|Apr high F = 55
|May high F = 69
|Jun high F = 78
|Jul high F = 82
|Aug high F = 80
|Sep high F = 71
|Oct high F = 58
|Nov high F = 40
|Dec high F = 26
|Jan low F = 2
|Feb low F = 9
|Mar low F = 22
|Apr low F = 36
|May low F = 48
|Jun low F = 57
|Jul low F = 62
|Aug low F = 60
|Sep low F = 51
|Oct low F = 39
|Nov low F = 24
|Dec low F = 10
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.9
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.6
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.7
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.8
|May precipitation inch = 3.4
|Jun precipitation inch = 4.1
|Jul precipitation inch = 4.4
|Aug precipitation inch = 4.0
|Sep precipitation inch = 3.1
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.2
|Nov precipitation inch = 2.0
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.8
|year precipitation inch=30.1
|source 1 = [10]
|date=August 2010
}}

Demographics

{{US Census population
|1860= 1642
|1870= 3458
|1880= 3809
|1890= 3705
|1900= 3811
|1910= 3983
|1920= 4571
|1930= 5086
|1940= 5662
|1950= 6560
|1960= 8965
|1970= 12195
|1980= 12827
|1990= 15445
|2000= 18204
|2010= 22172
|estyear=2017
|estimate=22722
|estref=[11]
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[12]
2015 Estimate[13]
}}

2010 census

As of the census[14] of 2010, there were 22,172 people, 8,735 households, and 5,802 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2165.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 9,222 housing units at an average density of {{convert|900.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.1% White, 1.6% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the population.

There were 8,735 households of which 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.6% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 37.5 years. 24.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.4% were from 25 to 44; 26.3% were from 45 to 64; and 13.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.

2000 census

As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 18,204 people, 6,642 households, and 4,722 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,798.2 people per square mile (694.5/km² ). There were 6,758 housing units at an average density of 667.6 per square mile (257.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.16% White, 0.43% African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.36% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.14% of the population.

There were 6,642 households out of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 22.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city, the population was spread out with 27.3% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $53,145, and the median income for a family was $61,093. Males had a median income of $41,267 versus $27,973 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,075. About 2.1% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.4% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over

Transportation

Highway 316 is a 10-mile highway that starts at Highway 61 in southern Hastings and heads southeast to Welch Township. It acts as a more direct shortcut between two points of Highway 61. Highway 316 is located just west of the Mississippi River. Highway 316 and adjacent Highway 61 are both part of the Great River Road. Highway 316 is also known as Red Wing Boulevard and Polk Avenue at various points throughout its route.

Highway 291 (Minnesota Veterans Home Highway) is a short, one mile roadway on the east side of Hastings that lies host to a Minnesota Veterans Home. Highway 291 is also known as East 18th Street and Le Duc Drive in Hastings. The roadway crosses the Vermillion River. On the same site of the Veterans Home are two drug and alcohol facilities; the first a sub-acute hospital called Dakota County Receiving Center, otherwise known as Dakota County Detox Center. The center was the first of its kind in Dakota County founded in the early 1970s by Bruce Foster. The other is the Cochran Halfway House.

Other routes that lead into Hastings are Dakota County Roads 42 (northwest side of town), 46 (southwest), 47 (southwest) and 54 (east).

Hastings is not served by the Metro Transit public transportation bus routes, but preliminary studies are underway to bring commuter rail to Hastings via the Red Rock Corridor. Amtrak trains pass through, but do not stop in Hastings (Prospective passengers must go north to St. Paul or south to Red Wing to board).

The Mississippi River in Hastings is a major thoroughfare for barges, and they are helped upstream by Lock and Dam No. 2 on the northwest side of town. There are several access points to the Mississippi River for private watercraft.

Education

Hastings Public Schools operates public schools.

Hastings, Minnesota Schools
School Name Grades Served Location Date Established Picture Mascot
Minnesota Central University Post Secondary 8th & Sibley Street 1857-1867 (purchased for the Hastings Public School in 1867 and torn down in 1899)
Everett School Primary and Intermediate 2nd & Franklin Street 1866-1927 Puppy Dogs
Irving School High School 8th & Sibley Street 1867-1899 (Formerly Minnesota Central University, fire destroyed the building around 1899)
Hastings Central School High School 8th & Sibley Street 1899-1961
Hastings Junior-Senior High School High School 10th & Vermillion Street 1961-1999 (Several additions were made and later became Hastings Middle School) Raiders (18th Century Knight on a Horse)
Tilden Elementary School Elementary School 3rd & River Street ?-closed in 2009 (Building currently used as a community center) Tigers
Cooper Elementary School Elementary School 17th & Vermillion Street 1959-closed in 2009 (Building currently used as a community preschool) Rockets
Hiawatha Elementary School Elementary School 10th & Vermillion, then moved to 10th & Tyler ?-1961
John F. Kennedy Elementary School Elementary School 10th & Tyler Street 1962-current Cougars
Pinecrest Elementary School Elementary School 13th & Pine Street ?-current Panthers
Hastings Senior High School, new High School 11th & Pine Street 1972-current (currently used as Hastings Middle School) Raiders (raccoon)
Christa McAulliffe Elementary School Elementary School 12th & Pleasant Street 1988-current Eagles
Hastings Senior High School, new High School General Sieben Drive and Featherstone Road 2000-current Raiders (pirate)

Notable people

  • Jackie Biskupski − Mayor of Salt Lake City, former Utah state legislator
  • Taylor Chorney − professional hockey player for the Washington Capitals
  • George Conzemius - Minnesota state senator and educator
  • MaryJanice Davidson − author
  • Gil Dobie − college football coach
  • Thomas K. Gibson - Wisconsin State Senator
  • Mark Steven Johnson − film director and writer
  • Craig Kilborn − comedian and television personality
  • Larry LaCoursiere - professional boxer
  • Clara Mairs − painter and printmaker
  • Dan Peltier− baseball player for the Texas Rangers
  • Terry Redlin - painter
  • Harry Sieben – former Speaker of the Minnesota House of Representatives
  • Mike Sieben – former legislator in the Minnesota House of Representatives
  • Katie Sieben – former legislator in the Minnesota Senate
  • Derek Stepan – professional hockey player for the Arizona Coyotes
  • Jeff Taffe − professional hockey player
  • Dean Talafous − former NHL hockey player[17]
  • W. D. Twichell − Texas surveyor born in Hastings in 1864
  • Ben Utecht − professional football player and singer·

Sites of interest

  • East Second Street Commercial Historic District
  • Alexis Bailly Vineyard
  • Hastings High School
  • LeDuc Historic Estate
  • Lock and Dam No. 2
  • Ramsey Mill Ruins
  • Vermillion Falls Park
  • West Second Street Residential Historic District
  • Hastings Sand Coulee Scientific and Natural Area
  • Hastings Scientific and Natural Area
  • Spring Lake Park Reserve

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_27.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Jan 3, 2019}}
2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=American FactFinder}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=October 25, 2007}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |title=2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census |work=American FactFinder |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721034521/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |archivedate=July 21, 2011 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
6. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA152#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|publisher=Govt. Print. Off.|author=Gannett, Henry|year=1905|pages=152}}
7. ^{{cite book|title=Minnesota; a state guide|year=1938|publisher=Viking Press|url=https://archive.org/details/minnesotastategu00writrich|accessdate=July 13, 2010|location=New York|page=298}}
8. ^{{cite book|last=Upham|first=Warren|title=Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShcLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA165|year=1920|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society|page=165}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=November 13, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220065340/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=February 20, 2011 |df= }}
10. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/DLYNRMS/dnrm?coopid=213567 | title = Daily Normals of Hastings, Minnesota| accessdate = April 12, 2006| publisher = National Climatic Data Center}}
11. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2017.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=March 24, 2018}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=November 2, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=Population Estimates|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015-3.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=June 8, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019182931/https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015-3.html|archivedate=October 19, 2016|df= }}
14. ^1 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=November 13, 2012}}
15. ^MPR: Hastings bridge downgraded
16. ^Hastings Bridge Project Home {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015234037/http://www.dot.state.mn.us/metro/projects/hastingsbridge/index.html |date=October 15, 2014 }}
17. ^1973 NHL Amateur Draft - Dean Talafous

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • Hastings – Official City website
  • Hastings Chamber of Commerce
  • HastingsNow - 100% local
{{Dakota County, Minnesota}}{{Washington County, Minnesota}}{{Minnesota}}

6 : Minnesota populated places on the Mississippi River|Populated places in Dakota County, Minnesota|Hastings, Minnesota|Cities in Washington County, Minnesota|County seats in Minnesota|Cities in Minnesota
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