| 词条 | H. D. Deve Gowda |
| 释义 |
| image = Deve Gowda BNC.jpg | caption = Former Prime Minister Deve Gowda | honorific-prefix = The Honourable | office1 = Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | constituency1 = Hassan | term_start1 = 17 May 2004 | parliament1 = Indian | predecessor1 = G. Putta Swamy Gowda | successor1 = | office2 = 11th Prime Minister of India | president2 = Shankar Dayal Sharma | term_start2 = 1 June 1996 | term_end2 = 21 April 1997 | predecessor2 = Atal Bihari Vajpayee | successor2 = I. K. Gujral | office3 = Minister of Home Affairs | term_start3 = 1 June 1996 | term_end3 = 29 June 1996 | primeminister3 = | predecessor3 = Murli Manohar Joshi | successor3 = Indrajit Gupta | office4 = 14th Chief Minister of Karnataka | governor4 = Khurshed Alam Khan | term_start4 = 11 December 1994 | term_end4 = 31 May 1996 | predecessor4 = Veerappa Moily | successor4 = Jayadevappa Halappa Patel | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1933|5|18|df=y}} | birth_place = Haradanahalli, Kingdom of Mysore, British India (now in Karnataka, India) | birth_name = Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda | party = Janata Dal (Secular) {{small|(1999–present)}} | otherparty = Indian National Congress (1953–1962) Janata Party (1977–1988) Janata Dal (1988–1999) | spouse = {{Marriage|Chennamma|25 May 1954}} | children = 6; including H. D. Revanna, H. D. Kumaraswamy | profession = Farmer, Politician | website = {{URL|http://hddevegowda.in}} | signature = DeveGowda autograph.jpg }} Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda (born 18 May 1933)[1] is an Indian politician who served as the 11th Prime Minister of India from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997.[2] He was previously the 14th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1994 to 1996. He is a member of the 16th Lok Sabha, representing the Hassan constituency of Karnataka, and is the National President of the Janata Dal (Secular) party.[3] Early life and educationGowda was born on 18 May 1933 in Haradanahalli, a village in Holenarasipura taluk, of the erstwhile Kingdom of Mysore (now in Hassan, Karnataka) into a Vokkaliga caste family, which is categorised as an Other Backward Class by the Indian government.[4][5][6] His father Dodde Gowda was a paddy farmer and mother, Devamma.[7][8] Gowda earned a diploma in civil engineering from L. V. Polytechnic, Hassan, in the late 1950s.[9] He married Chennamma in 1954. They have six children together: four sons including politician H. D. Revanna and H. D. Kumaraswamy is current Chief Minister of Karnataka. and two daughters.[10] Political careerJoining of CongressGowda joined the Indian National Congress party in 1953 and remained a member until 1962. During that period, he was President of Anjaneya Cooperative Society of Holenarasipura and later became a member of the Taluk Development Board of Holenarasipura. In 1962, Gowda was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Holenarasipura constituency as an independent candidate. Later, he was elected from the same constituency to the Assembly for six consecutive terms from 1962 to 1989. He joined the Congress (O) during the Congress split and served as the Leader of Opposition in the Assembly from March 1972 to March 1976 and again from November 1976 to December 1977.[11] During the Emergency (1975–77), he was imprisoned in the Bangalore Central Jail. In Janata PartyGowda was twice the President of state unit of the Janata Party. He served as a minister in the Janata Party Government in Karnataka headed by Ramakrishna Hegde from 1983 to 1988. He became President of the state unit of Janata Dal in 1994 and was the driving force behind the victory of the party in the 1994 State Assembly elections. He was elected from the Ramanagara sworn in as the 14th Chief Minister of Karnataka in December. In January 1995, Gowda toured Switzerland and attended the Forum of International Economists. His tour to Singapore brought in foreign investment to the State.[1] As Prime MinisterIn the 1996 general elections, the Congress party headed by P. V. Narasimha Rao lost decisively but no other party won enough seats to form a government. When the United Front (a conglomeration of non-Congress and non-BJP regional parties) decided to form the Government at the Centre with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government and became the 11th Prime Minister of India.[3] He took over as Prime Minister of India on 1 June 1996 and continued until 11 April 1997. Also, he was the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the United Front, the policy making apex body of all the constituents of the ruling front. He has brought the greatest development in agriculture bringing National Agro policy. He also solved Farakha Dam issue. He made a IT Basement in Bangalore granting International Airport and permitting permanent Cauvery water source.[3] Janata Dal (Secular)The Janata Dal (Secular) traces its roots back to the Janata Party founded by Jayaprakash Narayan who united all the opposition parties under one banner for the 1977 national elections. The Janata Dal was formed on the merger of the Janata Party with smaller opposition parties in 1988. Vishwanath Pratap Singh became the first Prime Minister of India from Janata Dal when he headed the National Front government in 1989. Later Deve Gowda and Inder Kumar Gujral too became prime ministers heading the United Front (UF) coalition governments in 1996 and 1997 respectively. In 1999, when some senior leaders of the party decided to join hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led NDA, the party split into factions. Many leaders, including Madhu Dandawate, joined the Janata Dal (Secular) faction headed by Deve Gowda, who became the National president of this faction. He was defeated in the 1999 general elections but staged a comeback by winning the Kanakapura By-elections in 2002. The 2004 elections in Karnataka witnessed the revival of his party’s fortunes with the Janata Dal (Secular) winning 58 seats and becoming a part of the ruling coalition in the state. Later, the party joined with the BJP and formed an alternate government in 2006. His son H. D. Kumaraswamy headed the BJP-JD(S) coalition government in the state for 20 months.[12][13] In the 2008 state elections, the party performed poorly and won just 28 seats, but it has remained a significant force in South Karnataka. Deve Gowda expelled Siddaramaiah and CM Ibrahim JDS party, because Siddaramaiah led AHINDA[14][15][16] movement; representing minority, backward, and Dalit people in Karnataka.[17] Later, both Siddaramaiah and CM Ibrahim joined the Indian National Congress,[18] which won the 2013 Vidhana Sabha election. Siddaramaiah was elected as the Chief Minister of Karnataka state in 2013.[19] In 2008, JDS did not transfer the power to BJP with B. S. Yeddyurappa as CM in accord to the initial negotiation asking for equal ministries BJP was having that time[20][21][22] This led to major setback for JDS in 2008 vidhana sabha election, JDS received only 28 seats[23] compared to 58 seats[24] in the 2004 vidhana sabha election. Since B. S. Yeddyurappa is from Lingayath community, largest in the Karnataka state, many leaders in JDS from Lingayath community such as M.P. Prakash quit the party.[25] B. S. Yeddyurappa was elected as the Chief Minister of Karnataka state in 2008. Positions held
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/former_pm/shri-h-d-deve-gowda/|title=Shri H. D. Deve Gowda|publisher=pmindia.gov.in|accessdate=4 August 2012}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/938170/HD-Deve-Gowda |title=Britannica article|accessdate=2014-10-16}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=JDS Leader: H. D. Deve Gowda Profile|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|publisher=janata.in|accessdate=11 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925020517/http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|archivedate=25 September 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/the-office-of-prime-minister-a-largely-north-indian-upper-caste-hindu-affair-114050700846_1.html|title=The office of Prime Minister: A largely north Indian upper-caste, Hindu affair}} 5. ^http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/caste-based-politics-has-to-end-in-karnataka-deve-gowda-491714 6. ^http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/apr/21spec.htm 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/96/0607/nat4.html|title=Asiaweek article|accessdate=2007-09-30}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/At-81-Gowda-Lives-on-Ragi-Mudde-on-the-Campaign-Trail/2014/03/28/article2135490.ece#.UzU21qiSySo|title=New Indian Express article|accessdate=2014-03-28}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Deve Gowda goes down memory lane|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Deve-Gowda-goes-down-memory-lane/article16652770.ece|work=The Hindu|accessdate=11 June 2017|date=2 February 2009}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Baweja|first1=Harinder|title=The taste of power|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/journey-from-being-humble-farmers-to-first-family-proves-uneasy-for-gowdas/1/276299.html|publisher=India Today|accessdate=11 June 2017|date=31 January 1997}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janatadalsecular.org.in/ourleaders_devegowda.htm |title=Janata Dal (Secular) |publisher=Janatadalsecular.org.in |accessdate=2012-08-04}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53:janata-dal-secular&catid=36:jds&Itemid=60 |title=Janata-Dal-Secular |publisher=Janata.in |accessdate=2012-08-04}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janatadalsecular.org.in/history.htm |title=Janata Dal (Secular) |publisher=Janatadalsecular.org.in |accessdate=2012-08-04}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Siddaramaiah-under-pressure-to-revive-AHINDA/article15247174.ece|title=Siddaramaiah under pressure to revive AHINDA|date=2006-06-23|accessdate=2017-10-13|publisher=The Hindu}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/AHINDA-leaders-divided-over-Siddaramaiahrsquos-likely-pact-with-BJP/article16346932.ece|title=AHINDA leaders divided over Siddaramaiah’s likely pact with BJP|date=2009-01-07|accessdate=2017-10-13|publisher=The Hindu}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/ahinda-movement-will-be-strengthened-to-prevent-dalits-from-joining-hindutva-fold/articleshow/59730845.cms|title='Ahinda movement will be strengthened to prevent Dalits from joining Hindutva fold'|date=2017-07-24|accessdate=2017-10-13|publisher=The Times of India}} 17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/02/stories/2005100217290100.htm|title=JD(S) to expel Siddaramaiah, Ibrahim|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=The Hindu}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/NM13/Siddaramaiah-joins-Congress/Article1-124378.aspx|title=Siddaramaiah joins Congress|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=Hindustan Times}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/elections/article/assembly-polls/siddaramaiah-to-be-sworn-in-as-karnataka-cm-on-monday-365969|title=Siddaramaiah to be sworn-in as Karnataka Chief Minister on Monday|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=NDTV.com}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/bjps-assessment-of-jds-was-wrong-venkaiah-naidu/50076-37.html|title=BJP's assessment of JD(S) was wrong: Venkaiah Naidu|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=CNN-IBN}} 21. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/1158025/report-jds-did-not-betray-bjp-says-kumaraswamy|title=JDS did not betray BJP, says Kumaraswamy|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=India - DNA}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=38847&n_tit=BJP+says+it%27s+%27Betrayal%27%2C+withdraws+Support+to+JD%28S%29+in+Karnataka|title=BJP says its Betrayal withdraws Support to JDS in Karnataka|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=Daijiworld}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.indian-elections.com/assembly-elections/karnataka/election-result-08.html|title=Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2008|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=Elections in India}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.indian-elections.com/assembly-elections/result-karnataka-assembly-2004.html|title=Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2004|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=Elections in India}} 25. ^{{Cite web|url=http://news.monstersandcritics.com/india/news/article_1380552.php/Prakash-led_rebel_group_quits_JD-S_in_Karnataka|title=Prakash-led rebel group quits JD-S in Karnataka|accessdate=2013-05-12|publisher=Monsters and Critics}} 26. ^http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 External links{{commons category|H. D. Deve Gowda}}{{Wikiquote}}
26 : 14th Lok Sabha members|15th Lok Sabha members|1933 births|Chief Ministers of Karnataka|Gowda administration|Indian National Congress politicians|Indian National Congress (Organisation) politicians|Janata Dal (Secular) politicians|Janata Dal politicians|Janata Party politicians|Samajwadi Janata Party politicians|Kannada people|Living people|People from Hassan district|Ministers of Internal Affairs of India|Prime Ministers of India|Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka|10th Lok Sabha members|12th Lok Sabha members|Lok Sabha members from Karnataka|Indians imprisoned during the Emergency (India)|13th Lok Sabha members|Leaders of the Opposition in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly|Chief ministers from Janata Dal|Agriculture Ministers of India|16th Lok Sabha members |
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