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Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia

释义

Biography
Marriages
References
Bibliography
Ancestors

{{ infobox nobility
| name = Henry Raspe
| title = Landgrave of Thuringia
| image = File:Heinrich Raspe.jpg
| caption = Seal of Henry as king
| noble family = Ludovingians
| father = Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia
| mother = Sophia of Wittelsbach
| spouse = Elisabeth of Brandenburg
Gertrude of Babenberg
Beatrice of Brabant
| birth_date = 1204
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|1247|2|16|1204|df=y}}
| death_place =
}}

Henry Raspe ({{Lang-de|Heinrich Raspe}}) (1204 – 16 February 1247) succeeded his nephew Hermann II as Landgrave of Thuringia in central Germany in 1241; he later was elected anti-king in 1246–1247 in opposition to Conrad IV of Germany.

Biography

In 1226, Henry's brother Louis IV, Landgrave of Thuringia, died en route to the Sixth Crusade,{{sfn|Van Cleve|1969|p=446}} and Henry became regent for his under-age nephew Hermann II, Landgrave of Thuringia. He managed to expel his nephew and the boy's young mother, St. Elisabeth of Hungary, from the line of succession and ca. 1231 formally succeeded his brother as landgrave.

In 1242 Henry, together with King Wenceslaus I of Bohemia, was selected by Emperor Frederick II to be administrator of Germany for Frederick's under-age son Conrad.

After the papal ban on Frederick imposed by Pope Innocent IV in 1245, Raspe changed sides, and on 22 May 1246 he was elected anti-king in opposition to Conrad.{{sfn|Cox|1974|p=180}} The strong papal prodding that led to his election earned Raspe the derogatory moniker of "Pfaffenkönig" (priests' king).{{sfn|Stubbs|1908|p=36}} Henry defeated Conrad in the Battle of Nidda in southern Hesse in August 1246, and laid siege to Ulm and Reutlingen.{{sfn|Knodler|2010|p=184}} Having suffered a mortal wound, he died February 1247 in Wartburg Castle near Eisenach in Thuringia.{{sfn|Knodler|2010|p=184}}

Marriages

In 1228, he married Elisabeth (1206-1231), the daughter of Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg. After her death, he married Gertrude ({{circa|1210/1215}} – 1241), the daughter of Leopold VI, Duke of Austria. After her death, he married Beatrix (1225-1288), the daughter of Henry II, Duke of Brabant.

All three of his marriages were childless.{{sfn|Rasmussen|1997|p=63}} After his death, the Emperor enfeoffed Thuringia to Henry III, the son of his sister Jutta.

References

Bibliography

{{cite book |first=Eugene L. |last=Cox |title=The Eagles of Savoy |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1974 |ref=harv}}
{{cite encyclopedia |chapter=Germany:Narrative (1125-1250) |first=Julia |last=Knodler |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology |volume=Vol. 1 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |first=Ann Marie |last=Rasmussen |title=Mothers and Daughters in Medieval German Literature |publisher=Syracuse University Press |year=1997 |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |first=William |last=Stubbs |title=Germany in the Later Middle Ages, 1200-1500 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Co. |year=1908 |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |chapter=The Crusade of Frederick II |first=Thomas C. |last=Van Cleve |title=A History of the Crusades |volume=Vol. II |editor-first1=Robert Lee |editor-last1=Wolff |editor-first2=Harry W. |editor-last2=Hazard |publisher=The University of Wisconsin Press |year=1969 |ref=harv}}

Ancestors

{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
| 1= 1. Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia
| 2= 2. Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia
| 3= 3. Sophia of Wittelsbach
| 4= 4. Louis II, Landgrave of Thuringia
| 5= 5. Judith of Hohenstaufen
| 6= 6. Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
| 7= 7. Agnes of Loon
| 8= 8. Louis I, Landgrave of Thuringia
| 9= 9. Hedwig of Gudensberg
| 10= 10. Frederick II, Duke of Swabia
| 11= 11. Agnes of Saarbrücken
| 12= 12. Otto IV, Count of Wittelsbach
| 13= 13. Heilika of Pettendorf-Lengenfeld
| 14= 14. Louis I, Count of Loon
| 15= 15. Agnes of Metz
| 16= 16. Louis the Springer
| 17= 17. Adelheid of Stade
| 18= 18. Giso IV, Count of Gudensberg
| 19= 19. Kunigunde of Bilstein
| 20= 20. Frederick I, Duke of Swabia
| 21= 21. Agnes of Germany
| 22= 22. Frederick, Count of Saarbrücken
| 23= 23. Gisela of Lorraine
| 24= 24. Eckhard I, Count of Scheyern
| 25= 25. Richardis of Carniola-Orlamünde
| 26= 26. Frederick III of Pettendorf
| 27= 27. Heilika of Swabia
| 28= 28. Arnold II, Count of Loon
| 29= 29. Agnes
| 30= 30. Folmar V of Metz
| 31= 31. Matilda of Dagsburg
}}{{S-start}}{{S-hou|Ludowingians||1204|16 February|1247}}{{Succession box|

before=Hermann II|

title=Landgrave of Thuringia|

years=1241–1247|

after=Henry the Illustrious}}

{{S-bef|rows=|before=Frederick II and Conrad IV}}{{S-dis|title=King of the Romans|by=Frederick II and Conrad IV|years=1246 – 1247}}{{S-aft|rows=|after=William}}{{S-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry Raspe, Landgrave Of Thuringia}}

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