| 词条 | Henschel Hs 117 |
| 释义 |
| name = Hs 117 Schmetterling | image = Schmetterling missile 20040710 151825 1.4.jpg | caption = A Schmetterling missile on display at the National Air & Space Museum (NASM), Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center. | origin = Germany | type = Surface-to-air (SAM) / Air-to-air (AAM) missile | is_ranged = | is_bladed = | is_explosive = y | is_artillery = | is_vehicle = | is_missile = y | is_UK = | service = | used_by = | wars = | designer = Professor Herbert A. Wagner | design_date = 1942-1943 | manufacturer = Henschel Flugzeugwerke | unit_cost = | production_date = | number = | variants = Hs 117M (air-to-air missile variant) | spec_label = Hs 117 | weight = {{convert|450|kg|lb|abbr=on}},{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} {{convert|620|kg|lb|abbr=on}} with launch boosters{{citation needed|date=June 2014}} | length = {{convert|4200|mm|in|abbr=on}} | part_length = | width = | height = | diameter = {{convert|350|mm|in|abbr=on}} | crew = | passengers = | cartridge = | cartridge_weight = | caliber = | barrels = | action = | rate = | velocity = | range = | max_range = | feed = | sights = | breech = | recoil = | carriage = | elevation = | traverse = | blade_type = | hilt_type = | sheath_type = | head_type = | haft_type = | filling = High explosive | filling_weight = | detonation = | yield = | armour = | primary_armament = {{convert|25|kg|lb|abbr=on}} High explosive | secondary_armament = | engine = 1x BMW 109-558 liquid-fuelled rocket engine | engine_power = {{convert|3.7|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} for 33 sec, followed by {{convert|0.588|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} for 24 sec{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} | pw_ratio = | transmission = | payload_capacity = | suspension = | clearance = | fuel_capacity = | vehicle_range = {{convert|32|km|smi nmi|abbr=on}} | speed = {{convert|900|-|1000|km/h|mph kn|abbr=on}}{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} | guidance = MCLOS; visual guidance by telescope, radio controls; two-man crew{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} | steering = | wingspan = {{convert|2000|mm|in|abbr=on}} | propellant = Tonka-250 (50% triethylamine and 50% xylidine) fuel, with SV-Stoff (nitric acid) oxidiser{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} | ceiling = | altitude = {{convert|6000|-|9000|m|abbr=on}}{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} | depth = | boost = 2x Schmidding 109-553 Ethylene glycol solid fuel boosters, giving total {{convert|17.1|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} thrust for 4 sec. | accuracy = | launch_platform = | transport = }} The Henschel Hs 117 Schmetterling (German for Butterfly) was a radio-guided German surface-to-air missile project developed during World War II. There was also an air-to-air version, the Hs 117H.{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 127 }} The operators used a telescopic sight and a joystick to guide the missile by radio control, which was detonated by acoustic and photoelectric proximity fuses, at {{convert|10|-|20|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|pages= 126-127 }} DevelopmentIn 1941, Professor Herbert A. Wagner (who was previously responsible for the Henschel Hs 293 anti-ship missile) invented the Schmetterling missile and submitted it to the Reich Air Ministry (RLM), who rejected the design because there was no need for more anti-aircraft weaponry. However, by 1943 the large-scale bombing of Germany caused the RLM to change its mind, and Henschel was given a contract to develop and manufacture it. The team was led by Professor Wagner, and it produced a weapon somewhat resembling a bottlenose dolphin with swept wings and cruciform tail.{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} In May 1944, 59 Hs 117 missiles were tested, some from beneath a Heinkel He 111; over half the trials failed.{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 127 }} Mass production was ordered in December 1944, with deployment to start in March 1945. Operational missiles were to be launched from a 37mm gun carriage.{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} In January 1945, a prototype for mass production was completed, and production of 3,000 missiles a month was anticipated,{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|page= 126 }} but on 6 February, SS-Obergruppenführer Hans Kammler cancelled the project. VariantsThe Hs 117H was an air-launched variant, designed to be launched from a Dornier Do 217, Junkers Ju 188, or Junkers Ju 388.{{sfnp|Christopher|2013|pages= 127–128 }} This version was designed to attack enemy aircraft up to {{convert|5|km|ft|abbr=on}} above the launching aircraft.{{sfnp|Ford|2013|page=224}} See also{{aircontent|see also=
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}} References
|last=Christopher |first=John |title=The Race for Hitler's X-Planes |publisher=History Press |location=The Mill, Gloucestershire |year=2013 |isbn= |ref=harv }}
|last=Ford |first=Roger |title=Germany's Secret Weapons of World War II |date=2013 |publisher=Amber Books |location=London, UK |isbn=9781909160569 |ref=harv }} External links{{commons category|Henschel Hs 117}}
2 : World War II guided missiles of Germany|Surface-to-air missiles of Germany |
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