| 词条 | Holguín |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Holguín |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = City |motto = |image_skyline = Holguín-3.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = Escudo de Holguín.gif |shield_size = 120x90px |image_map = Holguín (Cuban municipal map).png |map_caption = Holguín municipality (red) within Holguín Province (yellow) and Cuba |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Cuba |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Holguín |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = Established |established_date = 1523[1] |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = [2] |area_total_km2 = 655.9 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |population_as_of = 2011 |population_footnotes = [3] |population_note = |population_total = 346191 |population_density_km2 = 528 |population_demonym = Holguinero,-a |timezone = EST |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = -4 |coordinates = {{coord|20|53|13|N|76|15|33|W|region:CU|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 5 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = 80100 |area_code = +53 24 |registration_plate = O |website = |footnotes = }} Holguín ({{IPA-es|olˈɣin}}) is a municipality and city in Cuba, and the capital of Province of Holguín. It also includes a tourist area, offering beach resorts in the outskirts of the region. After Havana, Santiago de Cuba, and Camagüey, it is the fourth largest city in Cuba. History{{see also|Timeline of Holguín}}It was founded as San Isidoro de Holguín in 1545,[2] and it is named after its founder Captain García Holguín, a Spanish military officer. Prior to 1976, Holguín was located in the province of Oriente. In Pope Francis's visit to the United States, in September 2015, he visited Cuba before the U.S., and while in Cuba, he visited the Diocese of Holguín to, among other things, commemorate the location where Christopher Columbus landed. GeographyThe municipality is divided into the barrios of Aguarás, Aguas Claras, Alcalá, Arroyo Blanco del Sur, Báguanos, Cabezuelas, Cacocún, Calderón, Camazán, Cauto del Cristo, Corralillo, Cruces de Purnio, Damián, Floro Pérez, Gibara, Guabasiabo, Guayabal, Guirabo, Haticos del Purial, La Aguada, La Cuaba, La Palma, La Rioja, Las Calabazas, Managuaco, Melones, Norte, Omaja, Purnio, San Agustín, San Andrés, San Francisco, San Juan, San Lorenzo, Santa Rita, Sur, Tacámara, Tasajeras, Uñas, Uñitas, Velasco, Yareyal and Yayal.[3] EconomyThe brewery Cervecería Bucanero is based in the city. It makes three brands of beer (Bucanero, Cristal and Mayabe) sold in convertible pesos. Near Holguín, the Villa El Quinque and the Villa El Cocal have received patients like Argentine soccer star Diego Maradona who was treated for his cocaine addiction there. The popular Playa Pesquero resort (Fishing Beach) is located on the coast north of Holguín city, about an hour's drive from the International Airport. Holguín is also a popular tourist destination for Canadians with resorts nearby and is home to one of two Canadian Consulates in Cuba. DemographicsIn 2004, the municipality of Holguín had a population of 326,740.[4] With a total area of {{convert|666|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}},[5] it has a population density of {{convert|490.6|/km2|/sqmi|abbr=on}}. InfrastructureThere are several small city parks such as Parque Infantil, Parque San José, Parque San Isidoro, Parque Martí among others, most central the Calixto García in the downtown area. Close by one finds the galleries Centro Provincial de Arte and Bayado, a library, the club Casa de la Trova, the Martí cinema, the Theatre Eddy Suñol, the Province Museum La Periquera, a science museum, and a history museum. From the hill Loma de la Cruz, where a large crucifix is installed, which can be ascended by its 450 stairs, one can oversee the whole city. Holguín has a baseball stadium. TransportationHolguín is served by Frank País Airport (HOG/MUHG), located at 20°47´08"N, 076°18´54"W, with flights to Havana and several other world destinations. EducationThe main post-secondary education institution is the University of Holguín "Oscar Lucero Moya" (Spanish: Universidad de Holguín "Oscar Lucero Moya", UHO). Other post-secondary educational centers are Universidad de Ciencias Médicas "Mariana Grajales" (University of Medical Sciences) and Instituto Superior Pedagógico "José de la Luz y Caballero", ISPH (Pedagogical Institute of Holguin). Notable residents
Sister cities{{Refimprove section|date=April 2017}}
References1. ^ 2. ^{{Cite web| url= http://www.guije.com/pueblo/aoriente/holguin/index.htm | title= Ciudad de Holguin| author= Guije.com |date=September 2004 | accessdate= 2007-02-17}} 3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.guije.com/pueblo/municipios/oholguin/index.htm|title=Holguín|author=Guije.com|accessdate=2007-10-05|language=es}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.atenas.inf.cu/todo/Estadisticas/TABLA%20No_3balance.htm |title=2004 Population trends, by Province and Municipality |author=Atenas.cu |year=2004 |accessdate=2007-10-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927111826/http://www.atenas.inf.cu/todo/Estadisticas/TABLA%20No_3balance.htm |archivedate=2007-09-27 |language=es |deadurl=yes |df= }} 5. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/ycu.html|title=Municipios of Cuba|author=Statoids| accessdate=2007-10-05}} 6. ^Hijuelos, Oscar, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Fk8ZYySlc0MC&printsec=frontcover Thoughts Without Cigarettes: A Memoir], 2011. 7. ^{{cite web|title=Interactive City Directory|url=http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/Holguin,%20Cuba|work=Sister Cities International|accessdate=12 March 2014}} Bibliography{{See also|Timeline of Holguín#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Holguín}}External links{{Commons category}}{{Portal|Cuba}}
| Centre = Holguín | N = Gibara | NE = Rafael Freyre | E = Báguanos | S = Cacocum, Urbano Noris | W = Calixto García }}{{Provinces of Cuba|+capitals|province=Holguín}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Holguin}} 6 : Holguín|Cities in Cuba|Populated places in Holguín Province|Populated places established in 1527|1520s establishments in Cuba|1527 establishments in the Spanish West Indies |
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