“Hyundai Grandeur”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Hyundai Grandeur ({{lang-ko|현대 그랜저, Geuraenjeo}}) is a mid-size car^[1] produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai since 1986. From 1986 to 1996, The Grandeur was a flagship car for the Hyundai's South korean lineup before Hyundai Dynasty came out. The Grandeur has evolved through five generations with intermediate restylings, and is marketed under various nameplates worldwide—prominently as the Hyundai Azera (현대 아제라, Ajera). As the Azera, it was considered the flagship model of Hyundai's United States lineup until the arrival of the Genesis sedan. Since the launch of the separate Genesis brand, the Grandeur/Azera has redeemed its place as the company's flagship instead of being slotted between the Sonata and the Genesis G80 as a less sporty option of the latter.

As of July 2017, the sedan is available in South Korea, China, the Middle East, and the Americas (except Mexico); after the 2017 model year, the Azera will no longer be sold in the United States and Canada but will continue to be sold in the aforementioned regions.

First generation (L; 1986–1992)

The first Grandeur was a rebadged Mitsubishi Debonair produced by Hyundai. Initially launched with Mitsubishi-sourced 2.0L SOHC MPI version of the engine used in the first generation Sonata, a 2.4 L SOHC MPI engine was added in 1987. A V6 3.0 L engined model was launched in 1991 to better compete with the Daewoo Imperial.

Background

Before the 1988 Seoul Olympics, most of the luxury car market of South Korea was held by Daewoo Motors and its Royale Series. From October 1978, Hyundai built its luxury car, Ford Granada Mark II, in Korea but the competition with Daewoo Royale seemed that it already had ended. As Hyundai was looking to enter the luxury car market, it tried to make its own luxury car. In the face of tough competition from Daewoo Motors' much more powerful brand, Hyundai abandoned the attempt to design its own luxury car, and instead borrowed the platform, technology, and internal configuration from Mitsubishi Motors to create the first Hyundai Grandeur.

In the early eighties, Mitsubishi Motors also wanted to renew its aging Debonair model, which had not been substantially updated since its market launch in 1964. Given the existing relationship of sharing technologies and innovations, Mitsubishi accepted Hyundai's request to share a platform, internal configuration, and most importantly, an engine. As Hyundai was an official sponsor of 1988 Seoul Olympics, it used this opportunity to notify all the executives and important people about their new car, the Grandeur. Because of its Mitsubishi basis and good quality, it became very popular in Korea.

Also called "Gak (angle)-Grandeur", it succeeded Ford Granada Mark II. Before the 1988 Summer Olympics, the official sponsor Hyundai Motor co-developed it with Mitsubishi Motors of Japan, and launched it in July 1986. The design was done by Hyundai Motors, but the internal configuration was done by Mitsubishi. It was the second FF layout model in Korea after Hyundai Excel. Originally, only a four-cylinder 2,000 cc engine and manual transmission were offered, but later a 2,400 cc engine, a V6 3,000 cc engine, and automatic transmission were equipped. The Grandeur became Korea's bestselling large car by a considerable margin.^[2] It was also sold in Japan as the Mitsubishi Debonair V, but the demanding class was already absorbed by the Toyota Crown, Nissan Cedric/Gloria, Mazda Luce, and Honda Legend and the Debonair was not competitive. Taillight design was changed in 1989, and ABS first became available in 1991. It had 4-speed automatic transmission or 5-speed manual transmission. It was discontinued in September 1992, after 122,074 had been built.^[2]

Second generation (LX; 1992–1998)

The New Grandeur and the third generation of the Mitsubishi Debonair were the products of a joint development between Hyundai and Mitsubishi Motors. Mitsubishi was responsible for the powertrain, and Hyundai was responsible for the body and trim design. Production of the car began in September 1992 and ended in 1998.

The "New Grandeur" came in various trim levels and only V6 engine combinations (2.0L, 2.5L, 3.0L, and 3.5L). The new Korea based Grandeur became a huge success following the first generation Grandeur it replaced. However, the reception of the same model marketed by Mitsubishi in Japan was perfunctory eventually leading Mitsubishi to discontinue it earlier than expected.

The 3-liter and 3.5-liter engines developed by Mitsubishi were substantial legacies to Hyundai, which at the time did not have the ability to manufacture engines of that size on its own. Following the Debonair's discontinuation in Japan, the Hyundai-Mitsubishi partnership led to the production of the Hyundai Equus and Mitsubishi Dignity premium flagship sedans, and the slightly smaller Hyundai Dynasty and Mitsubishi Proudia. Since the production of Hyundai Equus, Hyundai develops all engines in its product line on its own, such as the industry-acclaimed 4.6-liter Tau Engine featured on the Hyundai Genesis.

Although it was not exported outside the home market, the second generation Grandeur was a success in the Korean domestic market as the flagship sedan of Hyundai lineup. This model became a status symbol in Korea, which many politicians and wealthy business executives have used.

Third generation (XG; 1999–2005)

The Grandeur XG was a mid-size luxury car. In some other markets, namely North America and also Japan, it was called the Hyundai XG. The first two generations were essentially rebadged Mitsubishi Debonairs, with the third generations developed entirely by Hyundai, with technical experience learned from the first two generations. It shared a platform and engines with the Kia Opirus (Amanti in North America). After their success with the Grandeur, Hyundai decided to develop the next generation Grandeur on their own from the ground up with the technology they have accumulated through the past Grandeur generations. This allowed Hyundai to export the XG outside South Korea without any possible legal issues.

XG250

The XG250 was debuted in 1999 with a 2.5 L Delta V6. It was also called the XG25 in some markets. It was produced until 2005. There was also a two-liter model called the XG20 for some markets, including the domestic South Korean one.

XG300

It was called the XG30 in Europe and in Asian countries. It was produced from 2001 to 2003. A 2.5-liter model, called XG25, was also sold in some countries such as France. The XG30 boasted many options available to only high-end luxury models at the time such as the Mercedes E-class and BMW 5 Series. The XG30 is also longer and wider than most of its rivals, and it is just a fraction smaller than the Audi A6.

In the United States, the XG300 equipped with the 3.0-liter V6 engine was available for the 2001 model year only. The "L" model included heated front seats, rear seat reading lamps, two-position driver's side memory seat and outside mirrors, power moonroof, 6-speaker Infinity AM/FM/CD/cassette stereo system, wood-tone accented steering wheel, electrochromic rearview mirror with a built-in three-channel HomeLink-compatible garage door opener, and a parking aid feature that automatically tilted the dual exterior mirrors downward when the transmission is in reverse. A slight discount was available on XG300 models that deleted the automatic electronic climate control in favor for a manual three-dial system. Other options included a power moonroof on the base model, and a trunk-mounted eight-disc CD changer for the L model.

XG350

The 2002 XG350 models were equipped with a larger 3.5-liter V6 Sigma {{convert|194|hp|kW|abbr=on}} engine. While only providing {{convert|2|hp|kW|abbr=on}} more horsepower than the previous engine, it offered an additional {{convert|38|lbft|Nm|abbr=on}} of torque, now rated at {{convert|216|lbft|Nm|abbr=on}}. New 16-inch bright 10-spoke alloy wheels were an inch larger than for the 2001 model year. In the United States, the power moonroof was no longer an option on base models. 2003 brought a new instrument cluster, and updated graphics for the console trip computer.

In the 2004 model year, the XG350 received larger front brakes (discs went from 10.9- to 12-inch), which in turn required a 16-inch spare tire as standard equipment, replacing the 'space-saver' design used since 2001. Also new this year were restyled front and rear bumpers, bodyside moldings, headlights (now with HID availability), driving lights, tail lamps, grille, and deck lid with recessed license plate holder. The high-mounted stop lamp in the rear window went to an all-new LED design. The interior wood-tone trim changed to a lighter shade, glove compartment and storage bins were now covered in charcoal gray material (formerly black), the door-mounted power window switch panels now matched the interior color (previously, they were high-gloss wood-tone), recessed seat tethers allowed for secure installation of child seats in all three rear seat positions, and the trunk hinges were now supported using hydraulic pistons. Standard equipment leather upholstery was available in solid deep charcoal or a two-tone finish featuring a tan interior with brown dashboard/center console and upper door trim. The L versions were equipped with specific 12-spoke silver-painted allow rims featuring center caps covering the lug nuts. Minor equipment changes inside included redesigned levers for the hood release and tilt steering column, an updated cruise control switch, a recessed trunk pull-down handle, and leather trim around the console armrest tray.

2005 was the last model year for the XG350, as it would be replaced at the top of the Hyundai line-up by the 2006 Azera. Both the base and L models now offered the formerly optional carpeted floor mats as standard equipment, while the L model was now equipped with a standard trunk-mounted eight-disc CD changer. The driver's door switch panel featured a restyled power door lock button; it was now designed to feel less like the adjacent power window controls, for ease of differentiation by touch.

Fourth generation (TG; 2006–2011)

The Grandeur TG is a mid-size sedan introduced for the 2006 model year. A redesigned XG350, it shares a platform with the Sonata. It is sold as the Hyundai Azera in North America, China, Taiwan, Philippines, Iran, Malaysia, The GCC (Persian Gulf states), South Africa, Singapore, Peru, Chile and Brazil. In Europe, Australia, New Zealand and Japan it was sold as the Grandeur.

The Grandeur/Azera had been the most expensive Hyundai model outside of Korea, China, and the Middle East—until the 2008 introduction of the Genesis.

The Azera has a four-wheel independent suspension (multi-link in the rear) and uses the company's new 3.8 L Lambda V6, which produces 265 hp (196 kW). The power is sent to the front wheels through a five or six-speed automatic transmission with a "Shiftronic" manual gear selection. Hyundai claims 6.0 s to accelerate to 60 mph (97 km/h) and a top speed of 155 mph (250 km/h). Fuel economy of 19 mpg (12.4 L/100 km) in the city and 28 mpg (8.4 L/100 km) on the highway is expected.

The 2.2 VGT CRDI diesel engine from the Santa Fe is also available, with the addition of the 2.4 Theta and 2.7 Mu petrol engines in South Korea

The Limited trim level adds 17-inch alloy wheels, heated front seats, leather seat-upholstery, and a power sun shade in the rear window. The Ultimate Package includes an enhanced audio system with 10 Infinity speakers and a 6 CD changer, a power sunroof, powered tilt-telescopic steering wheel, and rain-sensing windshield wipers.

The 2008 model introduced the optional LG Navigation system. The SE models are removed in favor of a GLS model that shares the same 17-inch wheels as the Limited models, and the Aubergine color is no longer available. A wood-trimmed steering wheel is now only available with the Ultimate Package.

The 2009 model featured a new grille, new 17-inch 10-spoke alloy wheels, blue back lit gauges and dashboard lighting (vs. the previous green), dark brown wood grain accents and available hands free Bluetooth phone capability. The audio player display takes the same design as the 2009 Hyundai Sonata, and the controls for the audio player have been redesigned. An auxiliary input jack and iPod integration system is now standard, though deleted in the case of the LG Navigation system on the Limited trim level. A wood-trimmed steering wheel is once again standard for the Limited, and Limited models receive special hyper-silver finished alloy wheels.

The Korean Grandeur offers more features not available in North American version, such as Proximity Key with Push Button Start and Bluetooth hands-free capability. A refreshened 2010 model was released on 16 December 2009 that incorporated new 7 split-spoke alloy wheels, LED taillights, rectangular exhaust pipe designs, new side mirrors, redesigned headlights, and new front fascia and grille. New interior amenities include Alcantara leather seats and rear passenger audio and climate controls.

For the 2010 model year the Hyundai Azera was dropped in Canada due to slow sales.

For model year 2011, Hyundai restyled the Azera with new front and rear fascias, new alloy wheels, and new fog lamps. The engines have been updated with dual variable valve timing and the transmission has one more forward for a total of 6. The 3.3L V6 is now rated at 260 hp and 3.8L V6 now makes with 283 hp. The fuel economy has also been improved with 20/28 for 3.3 and 19/27 for 3.8 (EPA rating pending).

In November 2010, Hyundai sued Avera Motors, a start-up automaker based in Rockledge, Florida, over the use of the name "Avera," claiming it was too close to the Azera name.^[4] As a result, Avera changed its name in March 2011 to Rivian Automotive.^[3]

Safety

The Azera comes standard with front airbags for driver and passenger, front and rear head curtain airbags and front and rear seat-mounted torso airbags.

According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety the Azera received a Good overall score in the frontal crash test and an Acceptable overall score in the side impact test. The driver's pelvis/leg in the side impact category was given a Poor score and the structure/safety category rated Marginal.^[4]^[5]

Awards

{{anchor|HG}} Fifth generation (HG; 2012–2017)

The fifth generation Grandeur/Azera was unveiled at the 2011 Los Angeles International Auto Show as a 2012 model. It was developed over a period of three and half years with a cost of 450 million dollars. The Grandeur nameplate remained in use in South Korea, but most export markets received it as the "Hyundai Azera."

In terms of dimensions, the Azera slots between the midsize Sonata and the rear-wheel drive Genesis.^[9] The Azera's competitors include cars such as the Ford Taurus, Dodge Charger, Chevrolet Impala, and entry-level luxury (or near-luxury) cars such as the Buick LaCrosse, Nissan Maxima, Toyota Avalon, Chrysler 300.

Initial release

The Grandeur HG was released by Hyundai with an all new appearance and an engine The Grandeur HG followed the "fluidic sculpture" design of modern Hyundai vehicles. This design is dubbed as the "Grand Glide" concept.^[8]^[9]

The four-cylinder has a fuel economy of {{convert|12.8|km/L|abbr=on}} (7.8 l/100 km) and the V6 is rated at {{convert|11.8|km/L|abbr=on}} (8.5 l/100 km). The Premium model features adaptive cruise control and a semi-automatic parking assist system.^[10]

Early Korean models of Grandeur include Theta II 2.4 GDI, Lambda II 3.0 GDI.^[11] In Korea an E-VGT R2.2 Diesel engine with {{convert|202|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} is available. Korean version equipment includes auto high beam, lane departure warning, blind spot detection, and electric park brake.^[12]

Engines

Transmissions

Hyundai Grandeur Hybrid (2013–2017)

It is a version of Hyundai Grandeur for South Korea market, with 2.4-liter Theta II MPi (159PS) engine, 47PS electric motor, projector beam headlights, LED taillights, a dual exhaust system, 17-inch aluminum wheels, Nappa leather seats, a leather-wrapped steering wheel and wood grain trim, dual-zone automatic climate control, heated seats, a rearview camera, a USB charging system, an infotainment system with a 6-inch display. Options include a panoramic sunroof, a premium audio system and GPS navigation.

2014 model year update

Changes to US models of Hyundai Azera include lower starting price of $31,000 ($1,250 reduction from 2013), refined steering feel and precision, standard 6-inch color LCD audio display with rearview camera, standard driver blind-spot mirror, new electroluminescent gauge cluster with color LCD trip computer, new 8-inch navigation system standard on Limited, power-folding side mirrors standard on Limited, Hyundai Assurance Connected Care telematics services standard for three years.^[14]

{{anchor|IG}} Sixth generation (IG; 2018–present)

Hyundai unveiled its sixth generation Grandeur on October 27, 2016. The sixth generation model will not be sold in North America due to slow sales, and other than Hyundai's new luxury division, Genesis, the Sonata will become the largest and most expensive sedan Hyundai sells in the US.^[16]^[17] The 2.2L diesel engine option was discontinued in 2018.132,000 Grandeurs were sold in 2017 and about 110,000 vehicles were sold in 2018.It's the best selling vehicle in South Korean market.

Engines and Transmissions

Sales

Since its introduction to the U.S. market in late 2000, the XG/Azera had been a consistent seller until late 2008, when it suffered a significant drop in sales. Although there are several possible explanations for this decline, it's worth pointing out that the Hyundai Genesis sedan was introduced to the U.S. market in late 2008, suggesting that the more sophisticated rear-wheel drive Genesis may have cannibalized sales of the Azera.^[7] It is also noteworthy that the Hyundai Genesis sedan is considered by auto journalists to be a rival to the aforementioned full-size and near luxury vehicles that the 2012 Azera is positioned against, such as the Ford Taurus, Toyota Avalon, and Buick LaCrosse.^[8]^[18]^[19]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/hyundai-teases-new-azera-which-will-not-come-to-the-us/|title=Hyundai teases new Azera which will not come to the US}}
2. ^¹{{cite web | title = Blast From the Past #16: The elite's ride of choice, from CEOs to mobsters | url = http://koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2916894 | publisher = Korea JoongAng Daily | date = 22 February 2010 | accessdate = 1 September 2011 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120323222340/http://koreajoongangdaily.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2916894 | archivedate = 23 March 2012 | df = }}
3. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2011/03/15/avera-motors-changes-name-to-rivian-automotive-begins-road-test/ |title=Avera Motors changes name to Rivian Automotive, begins road tests |accessdate=17 March 2011 |date=15 March 2011 |publisher=Autoblog |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5xFp0yUfw?url=http://www.autoblog.com/2011/03/15/avera-motors-changes-name-to-rivian-automotive-begins-road-test/ |archivedate=17 March 2011 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=683 |title=IIHS-HLDI: Hyundai Azera |publisher=Iihs.org |date=25 November 2008 |accessdate=14 October 2009}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=652 |title=IIHS-HLDI: Hyundai Azera |publisher=Iihs.org |date=25 November 2008 |accessdate=14 October 2009}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.safercar.gov/portal/search?model=7470 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20080917172828/http://www.safercar.gov/portal/search?model=7470 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=17 September 2008 |title=Safercar.gov |publisher=Safercar.gov |date=4 September 2007 |accessdate=14 October 2009 }}
7. ^¹{{cite web|author=You must be logged in to post |url=http://www.automobilemag.com/reviews/driven/1202_2012_hyundai_azera_first_drive/index.html |title=First Drive: 2012 Hyundai Azera – Automobile Magazine |publisher=Automobilemag.com |date=24 February 2012 |accessdate=20 October 2012}}
8. ^¹²{{cite web|author=February 2012 BY ANDREW WENDLER |url=http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2012-hyundai-azera-first-drive-review |title=2012 Hyundai Azera First Drive – Review – Car and Driver |publisher=Caranddriver.com |accessdate=20 October 2012}}
9. ^¹{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/18/automobiles/autoreviews/moving-to-the-intersection-of-avalon-and-lacrosse.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all | work=The New York Times | first=Lawrence | last=Ulrich | title=Moving to the Intersection of Avalon and LaCrosse | date=16 March 2012}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hyundai-blog.com/index.php/2011/01/13/2012-hyundai-grandeur-5g-gets-3-0l-gdi-v6-theta-engine/ |title=2012 Hyundai Grandeur 5G gets 3.0L GDI V6 Theta engine |publisher=hyundai blog |date=13 January 2011 |accessdate=15 January 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110127011811/http://www.hyundai-blog.com/index.php/2011/01/13/2012-hyundai-grandeur-5g-gets-3-0l-gdi-v6-theta-engine |archivedate=27 January 2011 |df= }}
11. ^Hyundai unveils new Grandeur in Korea{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hyundai.com/kr/showroom.do?carCd1=RD014 |title=Grandeur |website=Hyundai Motor Korea |publisher=Hyundai Motor |accessdate=19 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326123035/http://www.hyundai.com/kr/showroom.do?carCd1=RD014 |archive-date=2015-03-26 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
13. ^Hyundai Grandeur Hybrid introduced, features a combined output of 204 HP
14. ^2014 Hyundai Azera gives you more for less
15. ^{{cite|URL=https://www.autobip.com/actualite_auto/cima_motors_hyundai_lancement_imminent_des_nouvelles_sonata_azera_made_in_dz/6657}}
16. ^
17. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.autoblog.com/2017/07/06/hyundai-azera-large-sedan-officially-dead-in-america/ | title = Hyundai Azera large sedan officially dead in America | work = Autoblog | date = July 6, 2017 | last = Stocksdale | first = Joel }}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.motortrend.com/roadtests/sedans/1008_2010_ford_taurus_limited_awd_vs_2011_toyota_avalon_limited_vs_2010_hyundai_genesis_3_8/viewall.html |title=2010 Ford Taurus Limited AWD vs. 2011 Toyota Avalon Limited vs. 2010 Hyundai Genesis 3.8 Comparison |publisher=Motor Trend |accessdate=20 October 2012}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.caranddriver.com/comparisons/buick-lacrosse-vs-ford-taurus-hyundai-genesis-lexus-es350-comparison-tests |title=Buick LaCrosse vs. Ford Taurus, Hyundai Genesis, Lexus ES350 – Comparison Tests |publisher=Caranddriver.com |date=10 October 2012 |accessdate=20 October 2012}}