“Iqama”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Iqama

释义

Other uses of the term iqama
References
External links

The word iqama ({{lang-ar|إقامة}}) or ikamet (Turkish transliteration) refers to the second call to Islamic Prayer, given immediately before the prayer begins.^[1] Generally, the iqama is given more quickly and in a more monotonous fashion, compared to the adhan, as it is addressed to those already in the mosque rather than a reminder for those outside it to come to the mosque. Aside from a difference in the number of repetitions of each formulæ,^[2] the iqama differs from the first call to prayer, the adhan, in only one place (line 6, below):^[1]

Recital	Arabic	Transliteration	Translation
2x	الله أكبر الله أكبر	allāhu ʾakbar, allāhu ʾakbar	Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest,
2x	أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله	ʾašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāh	I assert that there is no god but Allah
2x	أشهد أن محمدًا رسول الله	ʾašhadu ʾanna muḥammadun rasūlu llāh	I assert that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah
2x	حي على الصلاة	Ḥayya ʿalā ṣ-ṣalāt	Hasten to prayer
2x	حي على الفلاح	Ḥayya ʿalā l-falāḥ	Hasten to success,
2x	قد قامت الصلاة	qad qāmat aṣ-ṣalāt	Prayer has started,
1x	الله أكبر الله أكبر	allāhu ʾakbar, allāhu ʾakbar	Allah is the greatest, Allah is the greatest,
1x	لا إله إلا الله	lā ʾilāha ʾillā-llāh	There is no god besides Allah

The Hanafi and the Shi'i use the same number of repetitions of the formulæ for both the adhan and the iqama, contrary to all the other Islamic schools of law.^[1]^[3]However all Sunni Schools of thoughts say either can be recited as there are authentic hadiths for both ways. [https://islamqa.info/en/10458]

Other uses of the term iqama

Iqāma is not the maṣdar form of the fourth (causative) stem (stem 'af`ala) from the triliteral root Q-W-M, which relates to setting things up, carrying things out, existence, and assorted other meanings. The word iqāma itself is multivalent, but its most common meaning outside the inauguration of prayer is in the context of immigration law, referring to a long-term visa for a foreign national. In some cases, as in Egypt, it is a stamp on the foreigner's passport; in others (as in Morocco and Saudi Arabia) it is a separate identity document in the form of a plastic card.

References

1. ^¹²{{Cite journal|last=Th.W.|first=Juynboll,|title=Iḳāma|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/ikama-SIM_3510?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=ikama|language=en}} Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition Online. Edited by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://islamqa.info/en/10458|website=Islam QA|publisher=Shaykh Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid|accessdate=8 July 2015}}
3. ^Howard, IKA, “The development of the “adhan” and “iqama” of the salat” in early Islam.” Journal of Semitic Studies (Manchester University Press) 26 (1981), p. 227.

External links

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=im-oRJxk-bc Iqamah being recited before prayer in Mecca]
Call for prayers according to the five school of thought: A Shi'ite Encyclopedia

2 : Salat|Salah terminology

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