| 词条 | Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| 释义 |
| name =Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | succession =Queen consort of Denmark | succession1 =Queen consort of Iceland | reign1 = 1 December 1918 – 17 June 1944 | image = Queen Alexandrine of Denmark.jpg | image_size = | reign =14 May 1912 – 20 April 1947 | spouse =Christian X of Denmark | issue =Frederick IX of Denmark Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark | house =Mecklenburg-Schwerin | father =Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | mother =Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia | birth_date ={{birth date|1879|12|24|df=y}} | birth_place =Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Schwerin | death_date ={{death date and age|1952|12|28|1879|12|24|df=y}} | death_place =Copenhagen, Denmark | burial_place =Roskilde Cathedral | religion = Lutheranism | full name = Alexandrine Auguste |}} Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (24 December 1879 – 28 December 1952) was Queen of Denmark as the spouse of King Christian X. She was also Queen of Iceland from 1 December 1918 to 17 June 1944. FamilyShe was born a Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, in the city of Schwerin, Germany. Her father was Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin; her mother was Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia, a granddaughter of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia. Marriage and issueDuchess Alexandrine married Prince Christian of Denmark on 26 April 1898, in Cannes, France, when she was 18 years old. They had two children:
She died in Copenhagen as Dowager Queen of Denmark in 1952 and is interred next to her husband in Roskilde Cathedral. The only brother of Queen Alexandrine was Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, while her only sister was Duchess Cecilie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, wife of German Crown Prince William, eldest son of German Emperor William II. QueenshipIn 1902, the couple were given Marselisborg Palace, and the garden was to become one of her greatest interests. Alexandrine became crown princess in 1906 and queen in 1912. She is not considered to have played any political role, but is described as being a loyal support to her spouse. She was interested in music, and acted as the protector of the musical societies Musikforeningen i København and Den danske Richard Wagnerforening. She was known for her needlework, which she sold for charitable purposes. After the death of her mother-in-law Louise of Sweden in 1926, she succeeded her as the official protector of the various charity organisations founded by Louise. She enjoyed golf and photography. During World War I, she founded Dronningens Centralkomité af 1914 ("The Queen's Central Committee of 1914") to the support of poor families. She survived the 1918 flu pandemic.[1] The couple was given great popularity as national symbols during the World War II occupation, which was demonstrated during a tour through the country in 1946. Before the occupation, she and her daughter-in-law were engaged in mobilising the Danish women. Her rejection of General Kaupisch on 9 April 1940 became a symbol for her loyalty toward Denmark before her birth country Germany.[2] When the General of the occupation forces first asked for an audience with the monarch, Christian was persuaded to receive him by his daughter-in-law as he would any other, which was supported by Alexandrine.[3] He asked to do so alone, but Alexandrine told him she would interrupt them. When the General was about to leave, she came in; and when he greeted her, she said: "General, this is not the circumstance in which I expected to greet a countryman."[3] It was reported, that although Alexandrine was seen as shy and disliked official ceremonies, she had a "sharp" intelligence, and she was, together with her daughter-in-law, Ingrid of Sweden, a true support of the monarch and a driving force for the resistance toward the occupation within the royal house.[3] It was also reported, that in contrast to the monarch himself and the Crown Prince, the Queen and the Crown Princess never lost their calm when the nation was attacked.[3] As she was not the Head of the Royal House, she could show herself in public more than her spouse, who did not wish to show support to the occupation by being seen in public, and she used this to engage in various organisations for social relief to ease the difficulties caused by the occupation.[2] Kaj Munk is quoted to describe the public appreciation of her during World War II with his comment: "Protect our Queen, the only German we would like to keep!"[2] In 1947, she was widowed; she became the first queen dowager of Denmark to opt not to use that title. Titles, styles and honours
HonoursNational honours
Foreign honours
Ancestors{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |2= 2. Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |3= 3. Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia |4= 4. Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |5= 5. Princess Augusta Reuss of Köstritz |6= 6. Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia |7= 7. Princess Cecilie of Baden |8= 8. Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |9= 9. Princess Alexandrine of Prussia |10= 10. Heinrich LXIII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz |11= 11. Countess Eleonore of Stolberg-Wernigerode |12= 12. Nicholas I of Russia |13= 13. Princess Charlotte of Prussia |14= 14. Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden |15= 15. Princess Sophie of Sweden |16= 16. Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |17= 17. Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia |18= 18. Frederick William III of Prussia |19= 19. Duchess Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz |20= 20. Heinrich XLIV, Prince Reuss of Köstritz |21= 21. Baroness Wilhelmine von Geuder genannt Rabensteiner |22= 22. Count Heinrich of Stolberg-Wernigerode |23= 23. Princess Johanna of Schönburg-Waldenburg |24= 24. Paul I of Russia |25= 25. Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg |26= 26. Frederick William III of Prussia (= 18) |27= 27. Duchess Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (= 19) |28= 28. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden |29= 29. Baroness Luise Karoline Geyer von Geyersberg |30= 30. Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden |31= 31. Princess Frederica of Baden }} Notes and references1. ^Collier 1974. 2. ^1 2 Börge Outze & Aage Svendstorp (in Swedish): 5 år i bojor. Danmark under ockupationen 1940–1945 (5 years in chains. Denmark during the occupation) Aktiebolaget boktryck (1945) Hälsingborg. 3. ^1 2 3 http://bjoerna.dk/Besaettelsen/Oberst%20Mygind/3.htm 4. ^http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lT136maUeuY/UxR43owmrtI/AAAAAAAAK_k/4Ge5MZ3xS_w/s1600/chr-x-alexandrine-wedding.jpg 5. ^https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Queen_alexandrineofdenmark.JPG 6. ^https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/AlexandrineQueen_of_denmark_wedding.JPG 7. ^1 2 blogspot.com, Queen Alexandrine wearing her Danish decorations 8. ^1 2 Flickr.com, [https://www.flickr.com/photos/mrsfujita/2638187163 Queen Alexandrine wearing her Danish Orders] 9. ^1 2 3 Pinterest.com, [https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/76/c4/69/76c4692046e47b7a0f6fbe06e41a2567.jpg Queen Alexandrine wearing decorations] 10. ^http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AfYNJwSFBks/Uo4eP42x_-I/AAAAAAAAIbI/jV9qfI0UG6c/s1600/22513053_Big.jpeg 11. ^1 Pinterest.com, [https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/73/fe/58/73fe58b010c45746f65be677e9e43b22.jpg Queen Alexandrine wearing the Seraphim Order and 90th birthday medal] 12. ^https://yooniqimages.blob.core.windows.net/yooniqimages-data-storage-resizedimagefilerepository/Detail/10217/150a44a8-ab09-4200-9465-52d1d0959c7c/YooniqImages_102170933.jpg
External links{{Commons category|Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin}}
14 : 1879 births|1952 deaths|People from Schwerin|People from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|House of Glücksburg (Denmark)|Danish royal consorts|Burials at Roskilde Cathedral|Duchesses of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Crown Princesses of Denmark|Grand Commanders of the Order of the Dannebrog|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Falcon|Dames of the Order of Louise|Dames of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa |
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