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| name = Jack Gilford | image = Jack Gilford.jpg | caption = Jack Gilford in 1986 | birth_name = Jacob Aaron Gellman | birth_date = {{birth date|1908|7|25|mf=y}} | birth_place = New York City, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|1990|6|4|1908|7|25|mf=y}} | death_place = New York City, U.S. | nationality = American | residence = Greenwich Village, New York | occupation = Actor, Comedian, Activist | years_active = 1937–1988 | spouse = Madeline Lee Gilford[1] (1949–1990; his death) | children = 3 }} Jack Gilford (July 25, 1908 – June 4, 1990)[2] was an American Broadway, film and television actor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for Save the Tiger (1973). Early lifeGilford was born Jacob Aaron Gellman on the Lower East Side of Manhattan and grew up in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. His parents were Romanian-born Jewish immigrants Sophie "Susksa" (née Jackness), who owned a restaurant, and Aaron Gellman, a furrier.[3][4] Gilford was the second of three sons, with an older brother Murray ("Moisha") and a younger brother Nathaniel ("Natie"). Gilford was discovered working in a pharmacy by his mentor Milton Berle. While working in amateur theater, he competed with other talented youngsters, including a young Jackie Gleason. He started doing imitations and impersonations. His first appearance on film was a short entitled Midnight Melodies in which he did his imitations of George Jessel, Rudy Vallee and Harry Langdon. Gilford developed some unique impressions that became his trademarks — most notably, one of "split pea soup coming to a furious boil" using only his face. Other unusual impressions he created were a fluorescent light going on in a dark room, John D. Rockefeller Sr. imitating Jimmy Durante, and impressions of animals.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} CareerIn 1938, Gilford worked as the master of ceremonies in the first downtown New York integrated nightclub, Café Society owned and operated by Barney Josephson. He was a unique blend of the earlier style of the Yiddish theater, vaudeville and burlesque, and started the tradition of monology such as later comedians Lenny Bruce and Woody Allen used. He won numerous industry awards. Gilford was nominated for several Tony Awards for best supporting actor as Hysterium in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1963), and for his role as Herr Schultz in Cabaret (1966). He was nominated for an Academy Award for best supporting actor in (1973) for his role as Phil Green in Save the Tiger (his co-star Jack Lemmon won for Best Actor). Sir Rudolf Bing engaged Gilford for the comic speaking role of the tippling jailer Frosch in the operetta Die Fledermaus. Loved in the part, Gilford performed it 77 times between 1950 and 1964.[5] One of Gilford's specialties was pantomime, and this talent was put to good use by director George Abbott when he cast Gilford as the silent King Sextimus in Once Upon a Mattress (Off-Broadway, 1959). Gilford shared the stage with a young Carol Burnett in this production, and reprised his performance with her in two separate televised versions of the show, in 1964 and in 1972.[6] Gilford's career was derailed for a time during the 1950s and McCarthyism. He was an activist who campaigned for social change, integration and labor unions. He was quite active both socially and politically in left-wing causes, as was his wife, Madeline Lee.[1] In 1953 Gilford and Lee were called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) regarding their alleged Communist sympathies, after being specifically named by choreographer Jerome Robbins in his own testimony to the committee.[1][9] The couple had difficulty finding work during much of the rest of the 1950s due to the Hollywood blacklist, and often had to borrow money from friends to make ends meet. Gilford found work towards the end of the 1950s and during the early 1960s with the end of the Joseph McCarthy era. He made his comeback as Hysterium in the 1962 Broadway musical A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum. He co-starred in the play with his close friend, Zero Mostel, who was also blacklisted during the McCarthy era. This production was also choreographed by Jerome Robbins, who had previously testified before House Un-American Activities Committee in 1953.[9] Gilford became successful mostly through roles on the Broadway stage, such as Drink To Me Only, Romanoff and Juliet, and The Diary of Anne Frank. He later enjoyed success in film and television, as well as a series of nationwide television commercials for Cracker Jack.[9] Personal lifeGilford met actress (and later producer) Madeline Lee at progressive political meetings and events during the late 1940s. Gilford entertained at many of these events, some of them produced by Lee.[1] She was married at the time and divorced her first husband soon after meeting Gilford.[7] The couple married in 1949,[1] remaining together for 40 years until Jack Gilford's death in 1990. The couple raised three children: Lisa Gilford, a producer (from Lee's previous marriage); Joe Gilford, a screenwriter/playwright/stage director; and Sam Max Gilford, an artist/archivist. DeathFollowing a year-long battle with stomach cancer, Gilford died in his Greenwich Village home in 1990, aged 81.[8] His wife, Madeline Lee Gilford, died on April 15, 2008, from undisclosed causes.[1] Gilford is buried in the Yiddish theater section of Flushing, New York's Mount Hebron Cemetery. Biographical play, FinksIn July 2008, Josh Radnor and Jennifer Westfeldt starred in the premiere of the play Finks, based on the Gilfords' experiences with HUAC and the Hollywood blacklist, written by Joe Gilford (their son), and directed by Charlie Stratton for stage and film.[9] The play was produced Off-Broadway at New York's Ensemble Studio Theatre in April 2013. The New York Times called it a "bracing play" that "quickly leaves you not caring that you've visited the territory before."[10] Finks was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Play, with Miriam Silverman[11] nominated for Best Actress.[12]Broadway stage appearances
TV and filmography
Awards and nominations
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|title=Actress Madeline Lee Gilford dies: Veteran thesp became a Broadway producer|url=https://variety.com/2008/legit/news/actress-madeline-lee-gilford-dies-1117984097/|work=Variety Magazine|date=2008-04-15|accessdate=2008-04-28}} 2. ^Shepard, Richard. F. [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFD9123BF931A15755C0A966958260 "Jack Gilford Is Given a Memorial With 28 Acts and Fond Ribbing"], The New York Times, June 22, 1990 3. ^[https://movies.nytimes.com/person/26814/Jack-Gilford/biography "Biography of Jack Gilford"], The New York Times 4. ^Jack Gilford Biography (1907-1990) 5. ^ 6. ^Mandelbaum, Ken. "DVDs: Many Moons Ago" broadway.com, January 6, 2006 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|first=Stephen|last=Miller|title=Madeline Lee Gilford, 84, Actress and Activist|url=https://www.nysun.com/obituaries/madeline-lee-gilford-84-actress-and-activist/74950/|work=New York Sun|date=2008-04-18|accessdate=2008-04-28}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 8. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/05/obituaries/jack-gilford-actor-dead-at-81-veteran-of-stage-screen-and-tv.html Jack Gilford, Actor, Dead at 81; Veteran of Stage, Screen and TV] 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vassar.edu/headlines/2008/080714-powerhouse-finks.html|title=Finks, a sweeping tale of love and friendship, trials and tragedy (July 23-August 3) at Vassar College|accessdate=June 23, 2013}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://theater.nytimes.com/2013/04/09/theater/reviews/finks-at-the-ensemble-studio-theater.html|title=A Choice to Name Names, or Else|last=Genzlinger|first=Neil|work=The New York Times|publisher=April 8, 2013|accessdate=June 23, 2013}} 11. ^Miriam Silverman browntrinity.com 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dramadeskawards.com/2013-winners.html|title=2013 Winners - [Drama Desk Awards]|work=2013 Drama Desk Nominees|publisher=58th Annual Drama Desk Awards|accessdate=17 August 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826071714/http://www.dramadeskawards.com/2013-winners.html|archivedate=26 August 2013|df=}} 13. ^"Jack Gilford listing" playbillvault.com, accessed March 19, 2015 External links
18 : 1908 births|1990 deaths|American male film actors|American people of Romanian-Jewish descent|American male musical theatre actors|American male television actors|Hollywood blacklist|Jewish American male actors|Musicians from Brooklyn|People from the Lower East Side|Deaths from stomach cancer|Vaudeville performers|Deaths from cancer in New York (state)|20th-century American male actors|20th-century American singers|20th-century male singers|People from Williamsburg, Brooklyn|People from Greenwich Village |
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