| 词条 | Jasmund National Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Jasmund National Park | alt_name = Nationalpark Jasmund | iucn_category = II | photo = Nationalpark Jasmund 001.jpg | photo_caption = Cliffs and coastline in the national park | location = {{flagicon|Germany}} Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany | nearest_city = Sassnitz, Stralsund | coordinates = {{coords|54.552|13.623|region:DE_source:dewiki|format=dms|display=inline, title}} | area_km2 = 30 | established = 12 September 1990 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = }}{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site | Part_of = Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe | Image = Nationalpark Jasmund Ansicht.jpg | Caption = The beech forest | Criteria = Natural: ix | ID = 1133bis-011 | Year = 2011 | Area = 492.5 ha | Buffer_zone = 2,510.5 ha }} The Jasmund National Park (German: Nationalpark Jasmund) is a nature reserve on the Jasmund peninsula, in the northeast of Rügen island in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is famous for containing the largest chalk cliffs in Germany, the Königsstuhl (German = "king's chair"). These cliffs are up to {{convert|161|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the Baltic Sea. The beech forests behind the cliffs are also part of the national park. Consisting of only {{convert|30|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, this is the smallest national park in Germany. The park was founded in 1990 by the last government of East Germany (GDR) prior to the German reunification. On June 25, 2011 the beech forest in the park was added to UNESCO World Heritage Site as an extension of the Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany. Chalk cliffsThe chalk cliffs face constant erosion. With every storm, parts of the cliffs fall, including rocks and fossils of sponges, oysters and sea urchins. The most majestic part of the cliffs is the Königsstuhl (English: king's chair) which stands at {{convert|118|m|ft|abbr=on}}. One of the most scenic and best known of the chalk outcrops, the Wissower Klinken, collapsed into the Baltic Sea on February 24, 2005, in a landslide caused by spring-thaw weather conditions.[1] Flora and faunaBecause of the special geological characteristics of the Jasmund National Park, it is home to many rare plants and animals. In the woods of the Stubnitz, behind the cliffs, there are numerous water-filled dells and hollows, most of which came into existence as ice-age dead-ice holes.[2] A wide range of plants are found in this area, for example, black alder, European crab apple, wild service tree, yew and orchids (like the Cypripedium calceolus). A variety of birds live in the park: white-tailed eagle, kingfisher, house martin and the peregrine falcon. Visitor managementSince its creation in 1934, the Jasmund National Park has attracted hundreds of thousands of visitors annually. One of the main tasks of the National Park Authority is to ensure that the diverse habitats of the park remain largely undisturbed, whilst still allowing visitors an insight into the nature of the region. In March 2004, the visitor centre, the Königsstuhl National Park Centre, was opened. {{clear}}GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite news |author= |date=2005-02-24 |title=Teil der "Wissower Klinken" abgestürzt |trans-title=Part of the "Wissower latches" crashed |url=http://www.faz.net/aktuell/gesellschaft/umwelt/ruegen-teil-der-wissower-klinken-abgestuerzt-1211993.html |language=German |work=Frankfurter Allgemeine |location=Frankfurt am Main |access-date=2018-01-05}} 2. ^{{cite book |date= |chapter=Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of coastal NE Germany (Isle of Rügen) |editor1-last=Sauer |editor1-first=Daniela |title=From the Northern Ice Shield to the Alpine Glaciations |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=3M5Qa1-lz64C&pg=PA5&dq=dead-ice+jasmund&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q=dead-ice%20jasmund&f=false |location=Berlin |publisher=Geozon Science Media |page=14 |isbn=978-3-941971-06-6 }} External links{{commons category|Nationalpark Jasmund}}
9 : National parks of Germany|Cliffs of Germany|Forests and woodlands of Germany|Protected areas of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern|Protected areas established in 1990|Geography of Rügen|1990 establishments in East Germany|Landforms of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern|Primeval Beech Forests in Europe |
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