| 词条 | Haplogroup IJK |
| 释义 |
| name =IJK |map = | origin-date =47,000-60,000[1] | origin-place =North Africa or Southwest Asia | ancestor =Haplogroup HIJK | descendants =IJ, K | mutations =L15/S137, L16/S138, L69.1(=G)/S163.1 | members = }}Haplogroup IJK is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. IJK is a primary branch of the macrohaplogroup HIJK. Its direct descendants are haplogroup IJ and haplogroup K.[2] Distribution and structureThe basal paragroup HIJK* has not been identified in living males or ancient remains. Populations with high proportions of males who belong to descendant major haplogroups of Haplogroup HIJK live across widely dispersed areas and populations. Subclades of IJK are now concentrated in males native to:
StructureBasic phylogeny
Phylogenetic tree{{Clade| label1=Haplogroup IJK† | 1={{Clade | label1=IJ | 1={{Clade | label1=I | 1={{Clade | 1=I1 found mainly in Northern Europe. | 2=I2found mainly in Southern Europe}} | label2=J | 2={{Clade | 1=J1 found mainly in the Middle East. | 2=J2 found mainly in the Middle East, Caucasus, Central Asia, South Asia and Southern Europe.}}}} | label2= K† | 2={{Clade | label1=LT† | 1={{Clade | 1=L found mainly in Central Asia, South Asia and Western Asia. | 2=T now concentrated in the Horn of Africa, the Arabian subcontinent, India and Eurasia.}} | label5=K2 | 5={{Clade | 1=K2* – the basal subclade is found at significant levels among indigenous Australians. | label2= NO* † (found only in the remains of Ust'-Ishim man, dating from 45,000 BP [3]) → NO1 (K2a) | 2={{Clade | 1= NO1* † | 2=N found mainly in Northern Asia and Northern Europe. | 3 =O found mainly in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Oceania.}} | label3=K2b† | 3={{Clade | 1=K2b1*† – subclades of K2b1 include the major haplogroups M and S; these are now found mainly among Papuan peoples, Micronesian peoples, indigenous Australians, and Polynesians | label2= P (K2b2) | 2={{Clade | 1= P* rare; found mostly in Island South East Asia, Eastern Siberia and Central Asia | 2= P1 – the primary subclades are major haplogroups Q and R, which are now numerically dominant in Central Asia, Europe, South Asia, the Middle East and among Native Americans | 3= P2 extremely rare and found only in the Philippines }}}} | 4= K2c – rare lineage, found mainly in males from Bali [4] | 5= K2d – rare lineage, found mainly in Java | 6= K2e – rare lineage, found only in two living males from South India [4] }} }} }} † = A basal haplogroup that has not been documented among living individuals. (Based on the YCC 2008 tree and subsequent published research.[5]) MutationL15The defining SNP L15 is located at Y chromosomal location rs9786139 with the ancestral value being A and the derived value being G. L16The defining SNP L16 is at location rs9786714 with the ancestral value being G and the derived value being A. See also
References1. ^The remains of Ust'-Ishim man, dating from 45,000 BP have been found to be NO*, meaning that IJK must be significantly older. 2. ^FTDNA Advanced SNP Descriptions 3. ^ 4. ^1 Tatiana M. Karafet, Fernando L. Mendez, Herawati Sudoyo, J. Stephen Lansing and Michael F. Hammer; 2015, "Improved phylogenetic resolution and rapid diversification of Y-chromosome haplogroup K-M526 in Southeast Asia", European Journal of Human Genetics, no. 23 (March), pp. 369–73. 5. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF |title=New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree |journal=Genome Research |year=2008 |volume=18 |pages=830–8 |doi=10.1101/gr.7172008 |url=http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/gr.7172008v1 |pmid=18385274 |issue=5 |pmc=2336805}} External links 1 : Human Y-DNA haplogroups |
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