| 词条 | Joan Crespí |
| 释义 |
| name = Joan Crespí Juan Crespí | image = Cenotafio Serra 04.JPG | image_size = | caption = Cenotaph of Saint Junípero Serra in the Mission San Carlos Borromeo, Carmel-by-the-Sea (1924); Fr. Juan Crespí, who predeceased Serra, stands at the head, praying over him. | birth_name = Joan Crespí Fiol | birth_date = {{Birth date|1721|3|1}} | birth_place = Palma de Mallorca, Spain | death_date = {{death date and age|1782|1|1|1721|3|1}} | death_place = Carmel-by-the-Sea, Las Californias, New Spain | resting_place = Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo | nationality = Spanish |Lenguages = Mallorquin, Spanish | occupation = Roman Catholic priest, missionary, explorer | Awards/Honours= }}Joan Crespí or Juan Crespí (March 1, 1721 – January 1, 1782) was a Franciscan missionary and explorer of Las Californias.[1] BiographyA native of Majorca, Crespí entered the Franciscan order at the age of seventeen.[2] He came to New Spain in 1749, and accompanied explorers Francisco Palóu and Junípero Serra. In 1767 he went to the Baja California Peninsula and was placed in charge of the Misión La Purísima Concepción de Cadegomó. In 1769, Crespí joined the expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá and Junípero Serra (see Timeline of the Portolá expedition). He traveled in the vanguard of the land expedition to San Diego, led by Captain Fernando Rivera y Moncada, where a presidio and mission were established. Crespí then continued north with Portolá and Rivera to identify the port of Monterey. Because he was the only one of the Franciscans to make the entire journey by land, Crespí became the first official diarist for the missions. He was one of three diarists to document the first exploration by Europeans of interior areas of Alta California. After reaching Monterey in October 1769, Crespí continued with the expedition that explored as far north as present-day San Francisco, and became one of the first Europeans to see San Francisco Bay. All told, the expedition traveled in the future state of California through the present-day coastal counties of San Diego, Orange, Los Angeles, Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Monterey, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, and San Francisco. In 1772, Crespí accompanied Captain Pedro Fages on an exploration of areas to the east of San Francisco Bay. The Fages expedition members were the first Europeans to see the Sacramento River and the San Joaquin Valley. In 1774, Crespí was chaplain of the expedition to the North Pacific conducted by Juan José Pérez Hernández. His diaries, first published in H. E. Bolton's Fray Juan Crespi (1927, repr. 1971), and published in the original Spanish with facing page translations as A Description of Distant Roads: Original Journals of the First Expedition into California, 1769-1770 (2001)[3] provided valuable records of these expeditions. One chapel he built, at the Misión San Francisco del Valle de Tilaco in Landa, is reported as still standing.[4] References1. ^{{Cite book|first=John R.|last=Kielbasa|title=Historic Adobes of Los Angeles County|location=Pittsburgh|publisher=Dorrance Publishing Co.|year=1998|isbn=0-8059-4172-X|contribution=Rancho Los Encinos|url=http://www.laokay.com/halac/RanchoLosEncinos.htm}}. 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.abcbookworld.com/?state=view_author&author_id=4228 |title=BC Book World - Juan Crespi|accessdate=2007-12-03}} 3. ^Crespí, Juan: A Description of Distant Roads: Original Journals of the First Expedition into California, 1769-1770, edited and translated by Alan K. Brown, San Diego State University Press, 2001, {{ISBN|1-879691-64-7}} 4. ^*Gross, Ernie. This Day in Religion. New York: Neil-Schuman Publishers, 1990. {{ISBN|1-55570-045-4}}. External links{{Portal|Biography}}
19 : 1721 births|1782 deaths|Roman Catholic missionaries in the United States|Roman Catholic missionaries in Mexico|Spanish explorers of North America|Spanish Franciscans|History of Baja California|History of Catholicism in the United States|Priests of the Spanish missions in California|People of New Spain|Spanish history in the Pacific Northwest|18th-century Spanish people|18th-century Roman Catholic priests|18th-century explorers|Burials at Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo|Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries|People of the Californias|Explorers of the United States|Roman Catholic missionaries in New Spain |
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