| 词条 | Alicyclic compound |
| 释义 |
An alicyclic compound is an organic compound that is both aliphatic and cyclic. They contain one or more all-carbon rings which may be either saturated or unsaturated, but do not have aromatic character.[1] Alicyclic compounds may have one or more aliphatic side chains attached. The simplest alicyclic compounds are the monocyclic cycloalkanes: cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, and so on. Bicyclic alkanes include bicycloundecane, decalin, and housane.. Polycyclic alkanes include cubane, basketane, and tetrahedrane. Spiro compounds have two or more rings that are connected through only one carbon atom. The mode of ring-closing in the formation of many alicyclic compounds can be predicted by Baldwin's rules. Otto Wallach, a German chemist, received the 1910 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on alicyclic compounds.[2][3]Cycloalkenes{{Further information|Cycloalkene}}Monocyclic cycloalkenes are cyclopropene, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, cyclooctene, and so on. Bicyclic alkenes include norbornene and norbornadiene. Two more examples are shown below, on the left methylenecyclohexane and on the right 1-methylcyclohexene: An exocyclic group is always shown outside the ring structure, take for instance the exocyclic double bond of the former molecule. Isotoluenes are a prominent class of compounds with exocyclic double bonds. The placement of double bonds in many alicyclic compounds can be predicted with Bredt's rule. References1. ^{{GoldBookRef |title=Alicyclic compounds |file=A00216 |year=1995}} {{Authority control}}2. ^{{cite journal | title = Third Pedler lecture. The life and work of Otto Wallach | author = Leopold Ruzicka | journal = J. Chem. Soc. | volume = | issue = | pages = 1582 | year = 1932 | url = | doi = 10.1039/JR9320001582}} 3. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Christmann | first1 = M | year = 2010 | title = Otto Wallach: Founder of Terpene Chemistry and Nobel Laureate 1910 | url = | journal = Angewandte Chemie International Edition | volume = 49 | issue = | pages = 9580–9586 | doi = 10.1002/anie.201003155 | pmid=21110354}} 1 : Organic compounds |
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