| 词条 | Ina Brouwer |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = |name = Ina Brouwer |image = Ina Brouwer (CPN), Bestanddeelnr 931-7904.jpg |imagesize = 250px |caption = Ina Brouwer in 1981 |office = Chairwoman of GreenLeft |term_start = 19 May 1998 |term_end = 10 February 1999 Ad interim |predecessor = Ab Harrewijn |successor = Mirjam de Rijk |office1 = Leader of GreenLeft |term_start1 = 22 February 1994 |term_end1 = 4 May 1994 |predecessor1 = Peter Lankhorst |successor1 = Paul Rosenmöller |office2 = Leader of the Communist Party of the Netherlands |term_start2 = 9 September 1982 |term_end2 = 14 September 1989 |predecessor2 = Marcus Bakker |successor2 = Office discontinued |office3 = Chairwoman of the Communist Party of the Netherlands |term_start3 = 9 September 1982 |term_end3 = 14 September 1989 |predecessor3 = Marcus Bakker |successor3 = Office discontinued |office4 = Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives |term_start4 = 9 September 1982 |term_end4 = 3 June 1986 |predecessor4 = Marcus Bakker |successor4 = Office discontinued |parliamentarygroup4= Communist Party of the Netherlands |office5 = Member of the House of Representatives |term_start5 = 14 September 1989 |term_end5 = 17 May 1994 |term_start6 = 10 June 1981 |term_end6 = 3 June 1986 |parliamentarygroup6= GreenLeft (1989–1994) Communist Party of the Netherlands (1981–1986) |birthname = Ina Brouwer |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1950|04|11}} |birth_place = Rotterdam, Netherlands |death_date = |death_place = |nationality = Dutch |party = Labour Party (from 2007) |otherparty = GreenLeft (1989–2007) Communist Party of the Netherlands (1973–1989) |spouse = |children = |residence = Amsterdam, Netherlands |alma_mater = University of Groningen (Bachelor of Laws, Master of Laws) |occupation = Politician · Civil servant · Jurist · Lawyer · Political consultant · Trade association executive · Nonprofit director · Teacher · Author · Activist |signature = |website = }}Ina Brouwer (born 11 April 1950) is a retired Dutch politician of the Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN) and later co-founder of the GreenLeft (GL) party and lawyer.[1] Education and early careerBrouwer studied Law at Groningen University. There, Brouwer came in touch with social security law and socially engaged lawyers. Inspired by this side of the legal profession, Brouwer became a member of the Communist Party of the Netherlands. In 1981 she became a member of the House of Representatives for the CPN. In 1981 she succeeded Marcus Bakker as chairperson of the CPN parliamentary party. She remained in the House of Representatives until 1986, when the CPN lost its three seats in the election and disappeared from the House. Brouwer was a longtime advocate of a merger of the CPN, the Christian left Political Party of Radicals and Evangelical People's Party and the leftwing socialist Pacifist Socialist Party to form a new left-wing formation. In 1989 this was realized, and the new party was called GreenLeft. After the 1989 elections Brouwer returned to the House of Representatives, as a member of parliament for GreenLeft. Between 1990 and 1991, Brouwer was one of the first members of parliament to leave the House of Representatives for a short period to give birth. The duo Ina Brouwer/Mohammed Rabbae were the top candidate for the 1994 elections after winning a preliminary from Paul Rosenmöller/Leonie Sipkes. Brouwer and Rabbae were not very successful in the general elections and the party lost one of its six seats. Brouwer announced that she would step down and not take her seat in parliament. Between 1995 and 2003, Brouwer worked at the Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment as director for emancipation and a quartermaster{{clarify|date=December 2010}} for the Academy of the ministry. In 2003 she published a book Het glazen plafond. Vrouwen aan de top, verlangens & obstakels ("The Glass ceiling. Women at the top, desires and obstacles") on the position of women on the labour market. In 2005 Brouwer became a senior advisor at Twynstra Gudde, where she advises public institutions on diversity, social affairs and government reform. In January 2007, Ina Brouwer announced that she became a member of the Dutch Labour Party in addition to her membership of GreenLeft. She did this in protest against GreenLeft's decision to abandon negotiations with the Labour Party, the Christian Democratic Appeal, and the ChristianUnion during the cabinet formation. Brouwer thought that this was a missed opportunity. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.parlement.com/9353000/1/j9vvhy5i95k8zxl/vg09llmoaazy|language=Dutch|title=Mr. I. (Ina) Brouwer|publisher=Parlement & Politiek|accessdate=24 December 2010}} External links{{Commons category}}
1981}}{{s-ttl|title=Lijsttrekker of the Communist Party of the Netherlands|years=1982 • 1986}}{{s-aft|after=Office discontinued}}{{s-bef|before=Marcus Bakker|rows=2}}{{s-ttl|title=Leader of the Communist Party of the Netherlands|years=1982–1989}}{{s-aft|after=Office discontinued|rows=2}}{{s-ttl|title=Chairwoman of the Communist Party of the Netherlands|years=1982–1989}}{{s-bef|before=Marcus Bakker}}{{s-ttl|title=Parliamentary leader of the Communist Party of the Netherlands in the House of Representatives|years=1982–1986}}{{s-aft|after=Office discontinued}}{{s-bef|before=Ria Beckers 1989}}{{s-ttl|title=Lijsttrekker of GreenLeft|years=1994|with=Mohamed Rabbae}}{{s-aft|after=Paul Rosenmöller 1998}}{{s-bef|before=Peter Lankhorst}}{{s-ttl|title=Leader of GreenLeft|years=1994}}{{s-aft|after=Paul Rosenmöller}}{{s-bef|before=Ab Harrewijn}}{{s-ttl|title=Chairwoman of GreenLeft Ad interim|years=1998–1999}}{{s-aft|after=Mirjam de Rijk}}{{s-npo}}{{s-bef|before=Unknown}}{{s-ttl|title=Chairwoman of the Netherlands Social Work Association|years=2008–2011}}{{s-aft|after=Unknown}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Brouwer, Ina}} 33 : 1950 births|Living people|Chairmen of GroenLinks|Chairmen of the Communist Party of the Netherlands|Communist Party of the Netherlands politicians|Leaders of the Communist Party of the Netherlands|Leaders of GroenLinks|Dutch atheists|Dutch health and wellness writers|Dutch nonprofit directors|Dutch nonprofit executives|Dutch relationships and sexuality writers|Dutch trade association executives|Dutch political activists|Dutch political consultants|Dutch women activists|Dutch women lawyers|Dutch women jurists|Dutch political party founders|GroenLinks politicians|Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)|People from Amsterdam|People from Rotterdam|University of Groningen alumni|20th-century Dutch civil servants|20th-century Dutch educators|20th-century Dutch lawyers|20th-century Dutch women politicians|20th-century Dutch women writers|21st-century Dutch civil servants|21st-century Dutch educators|21st-century Dutch lawyers|21st-century Dutch women writers |
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