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词条 Kim Kardashian
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Career

     Breakthrough with reality television (2007–2009)  Early endorsements (2010–2013)  Focus on social media (2014–present) 

  3. Personal life

     Marriages  Religion  Health and pregnancies  Wealth  Advocacy  Paris robbery 

  4. Filmography

     As herself  As actress   As Producer   In Music videos 

  5. Discography

  6. Awards and nominations

  7. Books

  8. See also

  9. Footnotes

  10. References

  11. External links

{{short description|American television and social media personality}}{{pp-move-indef}}{{pp-semi-blp|small=yes}}{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2017}}{{Infobox person
| name = Kim Kardashian
| image = Kim Kardashian 2018 5.png
| alt = Kim Kardashian looks to her right side with a microphone in front of her
| caption = Kardashian in 2018
| birth_name = Kimberly Noel Kardashian
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|10|21}}
| birth_place = Los Angeles, California, U.S.
| residence = Hidden Hills, California, U.S.
| occupation = {{hlist|Media personality|socialite|businesswoman|actress|model}}
| years_active = 2007–present
| net_worth = $350 million (July 2018)[1]
| television = Keeping Up with the Kardashians
| spouse = {{plain list|
  • {{marriage|Damon Thomas|January 22, 2000|2004|end=divorced}}
  • {{marriage|Kris Humphries|August 20, 2011|June 3, 2013|end=divorced}}
  • {{marriage|Kanye West|May 24, 2014}}

}}
| children = 3
| parents = {{plain list|
  • Robert Kardashian (father)
  • Kris Jenner (mother)

}}
| relatives = {{plain list|
  • Kourtney Kardashian (sister)
  • Khloé Kardashian (sister)
  • Rob Kardashian (brother)
  • Kendall Jenner (half-sister)
  • Kylie Jenner (half-sister)

}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.kimkardashianwest.com}}
| signature =
}}Kimberly Noel Kardashian West[2] ({{IPAc-en|k|ɑr|ˈ|d|æ|ʃ|i|ən}}; born October 21, 1980) is an American media personality, businesswoman, socialite, and model. Kardashian first gained media attention as a friend and stylist of Paris Hilton, but received wider notice after a 2003 sex tape with her former boyfriend Ray J was leaked in 2007. Later that year, she and her family began to appear in the E! reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians. Its success soon led to the creation of spin-offs including Kourtney and Kim Take New York and Kourtney and Khloé Take Miami.[3]

In recent years, Kardashian has grown an online and social media presence, including tens of millions of followers on Twitter and Instagram.[4][4][5] She has released a variety of products tied to her name, including the 2014 mobile game Hollywood, a variety of clothing and products, the 2015 photo book Selfish and her eponymous personal app. Her relationship with rapper Kanye West has also received significant media coverage; the couple married in 2014 and they have three children together.[6]

Time magazine included Kardashian on their list of 2015's 100 most influential people,[7] while Vogue described her in 2016 as a "pop culture phenomenon."[8] Critics and admirers have described her as exemplifying the notion of being famous for being famous.[9][10][11] She was reported to be the highest-paid reality television personality of 2015, with her total earnings exceeding US$53 million.[12]

Early life

Kardashian was born on October 21, 1980, in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Robert and Kris (née Houghton).[13] She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob.[14] Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry,[15] while their father was a third-generation Armenian-American.

After their parents divorced in 1991, her mother married again that year, to Bruce Jenner (now Caitlyn Jenner),{{Ref label|note_a1|A}} the 1976 Summer Olympics decathlon winner.[16] Through their marriage, Kardashian gained step-brothers Burton "Burt", Brandon, and Brody; step-sister Casey; and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner.[17]

She attended Marymount High School, a Roman Catholic all-girls school in Los Angeles.[18] In 1994, her father represented football player O. J. Simpson during his murder trial. Simpson is Kardashian's godfather.[19] Kardashian's father died in 2003 of cancer.[20]

In her 20s, Kardashian was the close friend and stylist of socialite Paris Hilton, through whom she first garnered media attention.[21][22]

Career

Breakthrough with reality television (2007–2009)

In 2006, Kardashian entered the business world with her two sisters and opened the boutique shop D-A-S-H in Calabasas, California.[23] In February 2007, a sex tape made by Kardashian and Ray J in 2003 was leaked.[24][25] Kardashian filed a lawsuit against Vivid Entertainment, who distributed the film as Kim K Superstar. She later dropped the suit and settled for a reported {{USD}}5 million.[26][27]

In October 2007 Kardashian, in addition to her mother Kris Jenner, her step-parent Caitlyn Jenner (Bruce), her siblings Kourtney, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian, and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner, began to appear in the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians.[28] The series proved successful for E!, and has led to the creations of spin-offs including Kourtney and Kim Take New York and Kourtney and Kim Take Miami.[29] In one of the episodes, Kim discussed an offer from Playboy to appear nude in the magazine.[30] That December, Kardashian posed in a nude pictorial for Playboy.[31]

In 2008, she made her feature film debut in the disaster film spoof Disaster Movie, in which she appeared as a character named Lisa.[32][33] That same year, she was a participant on season seven of Dancing with the Stars, where she was partnered with Mark Ballas. Kardashian was the third contestant to be eliminated.[34]

In January 2009, Kardashian made a cameo appearance during an episode of the sitcom How I Met Your Mother, in the episode "Benefits". In April, she released a workout DVD series through her television production company Kimsaprincess Productions, LLC which has seen the release of three successful workout videos, Fit in Your Jeans by Friday, with trainers Jennifer Galardi and Patrick Goudeau.[23][35][36] Kardashian played Elle in four episodes of the television series Beyond the Break.[37]

Kardashian became a guest host of WrestleMania XXIV and guest judge on America's Next Top Model in August of that year.[38] In September, Fusion Beauty and Seven Bar Foundation launched "Kiss Away Poverty", with Kardashian as the face of the campaign. For every LipFusion lipgloss sold, {{USD}}1 went to the Foundation to fund women entrepreneurs in the US.[39] The following month, she released her first fragrance self-titled "Kim Kardashian".[40][41] In December 2009, Kardashian made a guest star appearance on CBS's NY with Vanessa Minnillo.[45][42]

Early endorsements (2010–2013)

In 2010, Kardashian ventured into several new endorsement deals, including endorsing various food products for Carl's Jr.[43][44] In January 2010, she starred as Summa Eve in the film Deep in the Valley.[45] In April, Kardashian sparked controversy over the way she held a kitten for a photograph, holding it by the scruff of its neck.[46] With sisters Kourtney and Khloé, Kardashian is involved in the retail and fashion industries. They have launched several clothing collections and fragrances. Animal rights organization PETA criticized Kardashian for repeatedly wearing fur coats, and named her as one of the five worst people or organizations of 2010 when it came to animal welfare.[47] June saw Kardashian guest star with Khloé and Kourtney as themselves on the season three premiere episode of the series 90210.[48]

On July 1, 2010, the New York City branch of Madame Tussauds revealed a wax figure of Kardashian.[49] In November, Kardashian served as producer for The Spin Crowd, a reality television show about Command PR, a New York City public relations firm, run by Jonathan Cheban and Simon Huck. The show followed them as they settle into their new offices in Los Angeles. That month, she also appeared on season ten of The Apprentice.[50][51] Kim, Kourtney, and Khloé wrote an autobiography titled Kardashian Konfidential, which was released in stores on November 23, and appeared on New York Times{{'}}s Best Seller List.[52]

In December 2010, Kardashian filmed a music video for a song titled "Jam (Turn It Up)". The video was directed by Hype Williams; Kanye West makes a cameo in the video.[53] Kardashian premiered the song during a New Year's Eve party at TAO Las Vegas on December 31, 2010.[54] The song was produced by The-Dream and Tricky Stewart. When asked if an album was in the works, Kardashian replied, "There's no album in the works or anything—just one song we did for Kourtney and Kim Take New York, and a video Hype Williams directed, half of the proceeds we're giving away to a cancer foundation, because The-Dream's and one of my parents passed away from cancer. It's just all having fun—with a good cause".[55] Jim Farber, writing for the Daily News, called the song a "dead-brained piece of generic dance music, without a single distinguishing feature," and suggested that the single made Kardashian the "worst singer in the reality TV universe."[56]

That month, the International Business Times reported that Kardashian's 2010 earnings were the highest among Hollywood-based reality stars, estimating them at $6 million.[57][58]

In April 2011, Kardashian released her third fragrance "Gold".[40] In March 2012, Kardashian debuted her fourth fragrance, titled "True Reflection", which she worked with the company Dress for Success to promote.[59] In April, E! renewed Keeping Up with the Kardashians for two additional seasons, in a deal reported to be worth $50 million.[60][61] In October 2012, Kardashian released her fifth fragrance, "Glam", which "draws on the glamour of her Hollywood lifestyle", and was made available through Debenhams.[62] In summer of 2012, Kardashian and her family filmed a music video in the Dominican Republic to Notorious B.I.G's song "Hypnotize".[63]

In the romantic drama Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013), produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry, Kardashian obtained the role of the co-worker of an ambitious therapist. While the film was a moderate box office success, with a worldwide gross of US$53.1 million,[64] critical response was negative and Kardashian won the Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress.

Focus on social media (2014–present)

Kardashian appeared on the cover, and in a pictorial in Paper{{'}}s winter issue in 2014 photographed by Jean-Paul Goude.[65] On the cover, her nude buttocks are featured above the caption: "Break the Internet", which generated considerable comment in both social and traditional media.[66][67] The photos show Kardashian with her hair tied up in a bun, wearing only a pearl necklace, a pair of earrings and black satin gloves, and, on the cover, with her bare back facing the camera, holding a sequined gown below her bare, oiled-up buttocks, while smiling broadly at the camera.[68][69] A Time magazine writer commented that, unlike previous celebrities' nudes that represented the women's rebellion against repressed society and "trying to tear down" barriers, Kardashian's exhibition was "just provocation and bluster, repeated images that seem to offer us some sort of truth or insight but are really just self serving. We want there to be something more, some reason or context, some great explanation that tells us what it is like to live in this very day and age, but there is not. Kim Kardashian's ass is nothing but an empty promise."[70] However, the stunt "set a new benchmark" in social media response,[71] and Paper{{'}}s website received 15.9 million views in one day, compared with 25,000 views on an average day.[72][73]

In June 2014, Kardashian released a mobile game for iPhone and Android called Hollywood. The objective of the game is to become a Hollywood star or starlet.[74] The game supports a free to play model, meaning the game is free to download, but charges for in-game items.[75] The game was a hit, earning {{USD}}1.6 million in its first five days of release.[75] In July, the game's developer Glu Mobile announced that the game was the fifth highest earning game in Apple's App Store.[75] Kardashian voiced the role of an alien in an episode of the adult animated series American Dad!, in season 11 (2014–15) in the episode titled "Blagsnarst, A Love Story" on September 21, 2014.[76][77] In May 2015, Kardashian released a portfolio book called Selfish, a 325-page collection of self-taken photos of herself.[78] In December 2015, Kardashian released an emoji pack for iOS devices called Kimoji.[86] The app was a best-seller, becoming one of the top 5 most bought apps that week.[79] In August 2015, Kardashian was the cover model for Vogue Spain.[80]

As of November 2016, as per CBC Marketplace and interviews with celebrity endorsement experts, Kim Kardashian was paid between $75,000 and $300,000 for each post that she posted on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter endorsing beauty products like waist trainers, teeth whiteners as well as Coca-Cola and well known charities. Experts think that celebrities offer fake glimpses into their lives to make viewers fall for their advertising pitches, curated to look as though the viewer is catching them in a spontaneous moment when they are mostly staged.[81]

Kardashian made a cameo appearance in the heist film Ocean's 8, which was released on June 8, 2018.[82][83]

Personal life

Marriages

In 2000, 19-year-old Kardashian eloped with music producer Damon Thomas.[84] Thomas filed for divorce in 2003. Kardashian later blamed their separation on physical and emotional abuse on his part,[85] and said she was high on ecstasy during the ceremony.[86] Prior to the completion of her divorce, Kardashian began dating singer Ray J.[84]

In May 2011, Kardashian became engaged to NBA player Kris Humphries, then of the New Jersey Nets, whom she had been dating since October 2010.[87] They were married in a wedding ceremony on August 20 in Montecito, California.[88] Earlier that month, she had released her "wedding fragrance" called "Kim Kardashian Love" which coincided with her own wedding.[40][89] A two-part TV special showing the preparations and the wedding itself aired on E! in early October 2011, amidst what The Washington Post called a "media blitz" related to the wedding.[90] After 72 days of marriage, she filed for divorce from Humphries on October 31, citing irreconcilable differences.[91] Several news outlets surmised that Kardashian's marriage to Humphries was merely a publicity stunt, to promote the Kardashian family's brand and their subsequent television ventures.[92] A man professing to be her former publicist, Jonathan Jaxson, also claimed that her short-lived marriage was indeed staged and a ploy to generate money. Kardashian filed suit against Jaxson, saying his claims were untrue, and subsequently settled the case which included an apology from Jaxson.[93] A widely circulated petition asking to remove all Kardashian-related programming from the air followed the split.[94] The divorce was subject to widespread media attention.[95]

Kardashian began dating rapper and longtime friend Kanye West in April 2012, while still legally married to Humphries.[96] Her divorce was finalized on June 3, 2013,[97] Kardashian and West became engaged on October 21, Kardashian's 33rd birthday,[98] and married on May 24, 2014, at Fort di Belvedere in Florence, Italy.[99] Her wedding dress was designed by Riccardo Tisci of Givenchy[100] with some guests' dresses designed by designer Michael Costello.[101] The couple's high status and respective careers have resulted in their relationship becoming subject to heavy media coverage; The New York Times referred to their marriage as "a historic blizzard of celebrity."[6]

Religion

Kim Kardashian is a Christian and has described herself as "really religious".[102][102] She was educated in Christian schools of both the Presbyterian and Roman Catholic traditions.[102]

In April 2015, Kardashian and West traveled to the Armenian Quarter of the Old City in Jerusalem to have their daughter, North, baptized in the Armenian Apostolic Church. The ceremony took place at the Cathedral of St. James.[103] Khloe Kardashian was appointed the godmother of North.[104]

Health and pregnancies

Kardashian gave birth to her first child with West, daughter North West, on June 15, 2013.[105] She gave birth to her second child, son Saint West, on December 5, 2015.[106] Kardashian has been very open about her difficult pregnancies. With her first pregnancy, she suffered pre-eclampsia, which forced her to deliver at 34 weeks. She also suffered placenta accreta after delivery, eventually having to have surgery to remove the placenta and subsequent scar tissue.[107] After her second pregnancy, her doctors advised against trying to become pregnant again.[108] The couple's third child, a daughter, was born via surrogate on January 15, 2018.[109] On January 19, 2018, her name was announced as Chicago West.[110] In January 2019, Kardashian confirmed a second boy is on the way via surrogate.[111]

Kardashian began suffering from psoriasis at the age of 30.[112] She was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome in late 2017.[113]

Wealth

In May 2014, Kardashian was estimated to be worth {{USD}}45 million.[114] In 2015, Forbes reported she had "made more this year than ever as her earnings nearly doubled to $53 million from 2014's $28 million", and reported that she "has monetized fame better than any other".[115] Much of her income include wholesale earnings of the Sears line, the Kardashian Kollection, which raked in $600 million in 2013 and the Kardashian Beauty cosmetics line, Kardashian-branded tanning products, the boutique-line DASH, as well as sponsored Instagram and Twitter posts which are collectively worth $10,000–25,000 per post.[116] As of July 2018, Kardashian is worth US$350 million.[117]

Advocacy

Kardashian has expressed pride in her Armenian and Scottish ancestry.[118][119] She is not a citizen of either country and cannot speak Armenian.[120] She has advocated for the recognition of the Armenian Genocide on numerous occasions, and encouraged President Barack Obama and the United States government to consider its acknowledgement.[121][122][123]

In April 2015, Kardashian traveled to Armenia with her husband, her sister Khloé, and her daughter North and visited the Armenian Genocide memorial Tsitsernakaberd in Yerevan.[124] In April 2016, Kardashian wrote an article on her website condemning The Wall Street Journal for running an advertisement denying the Armenian Genocide.[125] During an interview with Caity Weaver of GQ for the July 2016 issue, Kardashian described herself as a Democrat, and declared support for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 US Presidential Election.[126]

Kardashian has also worked in the area of prison reform, advocating for the commutation of the sentence of Chris Young, and also of Alice Marie Johnson, a woman who received a life sentence for a first-time drug offense, which was granted by President Donald Trump in June 2018.[127][128] With Van Jones and Jared Kushner, she was instrumental in persuading President Trump to support the First Step Act which majorly reformed the US prison system. Van Jones later stated that without her the act would have never passed since it would not have received the president's support. It was later passed by a great majority in the US Senate.[129][130][131]

On a trip to Uganda in October 2018, she met with President Yoweri Museveni with her husband[Kanye West. They had a press conference and Kanye talked about tourism in Uganda. They were criticized for meeting the Museveni due to him being a dictator and his recent crack down on the Opposition and the Ugandan LGBTQ community.[132][133][134]

Paris robbery

On October 2, 2016, while attending Paris Fashion Week, Kardashian was robbed at gunpoint in the apartment where she was staying. Five individuals, dressed as police officers, bound and gagged her, then stole $10 million worth of jewelry.[135] The thieves got in her residence by threatening the concierge. Once they accessed Kardashian's room, they held a gun to her head, tying her wrists and legs and wrapping duct tape around her mouth as a gag.[136] Kardashian, who was placed in the bathtub, was physically unharmed and reportedly begged for her life.[137][138][139] She managed to wriggle her hands free from the plastic ties around her wrists and scream for help. The thieves escaped.[140] On October 6, 2016, it was revealed that filming for the next season of Keeping up with the Kardashians had been placed "on hold indefinitely" after the robbery.[141] Production resumed on October 26.[142]

Filmography

As herself

Television
YearTitleNotes{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
2003–2006{{sortname>The|Simple Life}} 4 episodes
2007 Kim K Superstar Leaked pornographic video [26][27]
2007–present Keeping Up with the Kardashians Main role
2008 Dancing with the Stars Contestant (6 episodes) [34]
Bad Girls Club Hosted Reunion Special
2009–2013 Kourtney and Kim Take Miami Main role (19 episodes) [143]
2009–2011 America's Next Top Model Guest star; 2 episodes [144][145]
2011–2012 Kourtney and Kim Take New York Main role (18 episodes) [146]
2011 Khloé & Lamar 3 episodes [147]
2012 Punk'd Episode: "Ashton Kutcher" [148]
2014 Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons 3 episodes
Celebrities Undercover Episode: "Wendy Williams & Kim Kardashian" [149]
2015 I Am Cait 5 episodes
Dash Dolls Executive producer & recurring role [150]

As actress

Film
YearTitleRole{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
2008 Disaster Movie Lisa Taylor [151]
2009 Deep in the Valley Summa Eve [152]
2013 Confessions of a Marriage Counselor Ava [153]
2018 Ocean's 8 Cameo, herself[82]
Television
YearTitleRoleNotes{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
2009 Brothers Herself Episode: "Meet Mike Trainor/Assistant Coach"[154]
NY Debbie Fallon Episode: "Second Chances" [155]
Beyond the Break Elle 4 episodes [37]
How I Met Your MotherHerself Episode: "Benefits"
2010 90210 Episode: "Senior Year, Baby"
2012 Drop Dead Diva Nikki LePree 4 episodes
Last Man Standing Herself Episode: "Tree of Strife"
30 Rock Herself (West Coast only) Episode: "Live from Studio 6H"
2014 American Dad! Qurchhhh/Herself (voice) Episode: "Blagsnarst, A Love Story" [76][77]
2 Broke Girls Herself Episode: "And the Reality Problem" [156]

As Producer

Title{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
2010The Spin Crowd
2015-

2016

Keeping up with the Kardashians
2016Rob & Chyna[157]
2018You kiddin´ me[158]
2018Glam Master[159]

In Music videos

YearTitle ArtistRef.|Reference
2007"Thnks fr th Mmrs" Fall Out Boy [160]
2011"Jam (Turn It Up)" Herself[161]
2013"Bound 2" Kanye West [162]
2016"M.I.L.F. $" Fergie [163]
"Wolves" Kanye West [164]

Discography

List of singles, with selected chart positions
TitleYearPeak chart
positions		Album
US
[165]		US
Heat.
[166]
"Jam (Turn It Up)" 2011group=upper-alpha| "Jam (Turn It Up)" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart.}} 21Non-album single}}
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory.

Awards and nominations

Teen Choice Awards
YearCategoryNominated work / NomineeResult{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
2008 Choice TV Female Reality/Variety StarKeeping Up with the Kardashians {{nom}} [167]
2009 Choice TV: Female Reality/Variety Star {{nom}} [168]
2010note_b1|B}} {{won}} [189]
Choice Female HottieKim Kardashian {{nom}} [169]
Choice Twit {{nom}} [169]
2011note_c1|C}} Keeping Up with the Kardashians {{won}}
Choice Female Hottie Kim Kardashian {{nom}} [170]
2012note_d1|D}}Keeping Up with the Kardashians {{won}} [171]
2013note_e1|E}} {{won}} [172]
2016 Choice TV Show: Reality Keeping Up with the Kardashians {{won}}
2016 Choice Selfie Taker Kim Kardashian {{nom}}
2016 Choice Instagramer Kim Kardashian {{nom}}
2016 Choice Social Media Queen Kim Kardashian {{nom}}
Other awards
YearAssociationCategoryNominated work / NomineeResult{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
2008Golden Raspberry AwardsWorst Supporting Actress Disaster Movie {{nom}} [173]
2014 Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor {{won}} [174]
2011People's Choice Awards Favorite TV Celeb Reality Star Kim Kardashian {{won}} [175]
2017Favorite Social Media StarKim Kardashian {{nom}}[176]
2011Glamour AwardEntrepreneur of the Year{{won}}[177]
2018CFDAInfluencer Award{{won}}[178]

Books

  • {{Cite book|first1=Kim|last1=Kardashian|first2=Kourtney|last2=Kardashian|first3=Khloé|last3=Kardashian|year=2010|title=Kardashian Konfidential|publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=978-0-312-62807-9}}

See also

  • American culture
  • Famous for being famous
{{Portal bar|United States|Biography|Television in the United States|California|Greater Los Angeles}}

Footnotes

{{notelist-ua}}A {{Note|note_a1}} Jenner changed her name to Caitlyn due to gender transition in 2015.[179]
B {{Note|note_b1}} Shared with Kourtney, Khloe, Rob and Kris
C {{Note|note_c1}} Shared with Kourtney, Khloe, Rob and Kris
D {{Note|note_d1}} Shared with Kourtney, Khloe, Rob and Kris

E {{Note|note_e1}} With Kourtney, Khloe, Rob, Kris, Kendall, Kylie and Caitlyn (then Bruce)

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Kim Kardashian West {{!}} Forbes Profile|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/kim-kardashian-west|website=Forbes|accessdate=February 19, 2019}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/475104/kim-kardashian-reveals-she-s-taking-kanye-west-s-last-name-watch-now|title=Kim Kardashian Reveals She's Taking Kanye West's Last Name—Watch Now!|date=October 28, 2013|accessdate=September 23, 2015|work=E! Online|first1=Bruna|last1=Nessif|first2=Ken|last2=Baker}}
3. ^{{cite news|last1=Orr|first1=Deborah|title=The tale of Kim Kardashian shows us that you don’t have to be cruel. Be kind|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/oct/08/kim-kardashian-kind-karl-lagerfeld-reality-star-robbery|accessdate=15 November 2017|publisher=Guardian|date=8 October 2016}}
4. ^{{cite web|last1=Seemayer|first1=Zach|title=Kim Kardashian on the Success of Her Mobile App and Her Social Media Empire|url=http://www.etonline.com/news/160473_kim_kardashian_on_the_success_of_her_mobile_app_and_her_social_media_empire/|website=ET Online|accessdate=June 11, 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://socialblade.com/instagram/top/100/followers|title=Top 100 Instagram Users by Followers}}
6. ^1 Caramanica, Jon. [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/10/t-magazine/kanye-west-adidas-yeezy-fashion-interview.html?_r=0 "The Agony and the Ecstasy of Kanye West."] New York Times. April 10, 2015.
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.inc.com/business-insider/elon-musk-explains-the-genius-of-kanye-west.html|title=Elon Musk Explains the Genius of Kanye West|date=April 17, 2015|publisher=|accessdate=July 19, 2016}}
8. ^{{cite web|last1=Staff|title=First Look: Kim Kardashian covers Vogue Australia's June 2016 issue|url=http://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/first+look+kim+kardashian+covers+vogue+australias+june+2016+issue+,39109|website=Vogue Australia|accessdate=June 12, 2016|date=2016-05-08}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scoreboard-media.com/paris-hilton-rule/ |title=The Paris Hilton Rule: Famous For Being Famous |work=Scoreboard Media Group |accessdate=September 13, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528065137/http://www.scoreboard-media.com/paris-hilton-rule/ |archivedate=May 28, 2012 }}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wetpaint.com/sure-shes-beautiful-but-why-is-kim-kardashian-famous-697080/|work=Wet Paint|title=Sure, She's Beautiful, but Why is Kim Kardashian Famous?|date=2013-11-09}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.debate.org/opinions/does-kim-kardashian-deserve-to-be-famous|work=Debate|title=Does Kim Kardashian deserve to be famous?}}
12. ^Forbes [https://www.forbes.com/profile/kim-kardashian/ "Kim Kardashian"] Retrieved on December 6, 2015.
13. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/kimberly_noel_kardashian_born_1980_14498657 |title = Kimberly Noel Kardashian, Born 10/21/1980 in California |publisher = California Birth Index |accessdate = August 17, 2013 }}
14. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-celebrity-siblings-kardashians-photo.html |title = Kourtney, Kim, Khloe, Robert, Kylie and Kendall Kardashian |first = Nick| last= Sagimbeni |newspaper = Los Angeles Times |publisher = Tribune Company |date = January 9, 2013 |accessdate = June 19, 2015 }}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kimkardashian.com/2008/06/11/monuments_and_momentous_times/ |title=Monuments And Momentous Times In Monte Carlo |author=Kim Kardashian |publisher=KimKardashian.com |date=June 11, 2008 |accessdate=May 13, 2015 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518081024/http://www.kimkardashian.com/2008/06/11/monuments_and_momentous_times/ |archivedate=May 18, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}
16. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iQQhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qXUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1187,4802006&dq=bruce+jenner&hl=en|title=Jenner-Kardashian|newspaper=The Day |location=New London, Connecticut|page=A2|date=April 23, 1991|accessdate=June 7, 2015}}
17. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/ex-nanny-kardashians-tells-raising-kim-clan-article-1.1331682 |title = Ex-nanny to the Kardashians reveals Kris Jenner's temper and an O. J. Simpson trial kidnap scare |first = Jeff| last= Mayish |newspaper = Daily News |publisher = Mortimer Zuckerman |date = May 1, 2013 |accessdate = August 17, 2013 }}
18. ^{{cite web|last1=Austin|first1=Christina|last2=Acuna|first2=Kirsten|title=Check Out The Elite Schools Where Celebrities Send Their Kids|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/where-celebrity-kids-go-to-school-2012-9?op=1&IR=T|publisher=Business Insider|date=September 27, 2012|accessdate=May 17, 2015}}
19. ^{{cite news |url = http://articles.latimes.com/2008/sep/28/nation/na-oj28/2 |title = His life now: With friends like these . . . |date = September 28, 2008 |newspaper = Los Angeles Times |publisher = latimes |accessdate = April 6, 2015 |last1 = Ryan |first1 = Harriet |last2 = Powers |first2 = Ashley }}
20. ^{{cite news |url = https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/03/us/robert-kardashian-a-lawyer-for-o-j-simpson-dies-at-59.html |title = Robert Kardashian, a Lawyer For O. J. Simpson, Dies at 59 |newspaper = The New York Times |publisher = The New York Times Company |date = October 3, 2003 |accessdate = August 17, 2013 }}
21. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Morgan|first1=Eleanor|title=Why is Kim Kardashian famous? You asked Google – here's the answer|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/apr/20/why-is-kim-kardashian-famous|newspaper=The Guardian|accessdate=June 11, 2016|date=2016-04-20}}
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24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.extratv.com/2007/02/07/kim-kardashian-on-sex-tape-a-tape-does-exist/ |title=Kim Kardashian on Sex Tape: 'A Tape Does Exist' |work=Extra |publisher=NBCUniversal |date=February 7, 2007 |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.accesshollywood.com/ray-j-sends-love-and-congratulations-to-kim-kardashian-and-kanye-west_article_81611 |title=Ray J Sends 'Love & Congratulations' To Kim Kardashian & Kanye West |work=Access Hollywood |publisher=NBCUniversal |date=July 8, 2013 |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
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27. ^1 {{cite web |last=Johnson |first=Richard |title=Happy Ending |work=New York Post |publisher=News Corp |date=May 1, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901091455/http://www.nypost.com/seven/05012007/gossip/pagesix/happy_ending_pagesix_.htm |archivedate=September 1, 2009 |url=http://www.nypost.com/seven/05012007/gossip/pagesix/happy_ending_pagesix_.html |accessdate=February 26, 2008}}
28. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kardashians-earns-keep-154906 |title='Kardashians' earns its keep |first=Kimberly |last=Nordyke |work=The Hollywood Reporter |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |date=November 13, 2007 |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
29. ^{{cite web |url=http://guardianlv.com/2013/08/scott-disick-is-the-father-of-mason-disick/ |title=Scott Disick is the Father of Mason Disick! |author=Karen |publisher=Las Vegas Guardian Express |date=August 16, 2013 |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
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32. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.tvguide.com/news/kim-kardashain-disaster-36164.aspx |title=Disaster Movie Star Kim Kardashian Names Her Favorite Butt |author=Matt Webb Mitovich |publisher=TVGN. CBS Corporation |date=August 29, 2008 |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
33. ^{{cite web |url=http://uk.eonline.com/photos/8255/kim-kardashian-pop-culture-queen/267973 |title=Disaster Movie from Kim Kardashian: Pop Culture Queen |work=E! Online |publisher=NBCUniversal |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
34. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2008-10-01-dancing-results_N.htm |title=Kim Kardashian kicked off 'Dancing With the Stars' |first=Derrik J. |last=Lang |work=USA Today |publisher=Gannett Company |date=October 1, 2008 |accessdate=August 17, 2013 }}
35. ^{{cite web |url=https://blogs.forbes.com/face-to-face/2010/07/01/kim-kardashian-powering-to-the-top/ |title=Kim Kardashian Powering to the Top |work=Forbes |publisher=Forbes, Inc. |date=July 1, 2010 |accessdate=August 30, 2010 |first=Mia |last=Saini }}
36. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.allure.com/beauty/blogs/reporter/2009/04/sweatin-with-kim-kardashian.html |title=Sweatin' with Kim Kardashian |publisher=Allure Magazine |date=April 14, 2009 |accessdate=August 30, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090419125017/http://www.allure.com/beauty/blogs/reporter/2009/04/sweatin-with-kim-kardashian.html |archivedate=April 19, 2009 }}
37. ^1 {{cite web |title=Kim Kardashian Gets Slimed on Beyond the Break |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20283551,00.html |work=People |publisher=Time Inc. |first=Aaron |last=Parsley |date=June 5, 2009 |accessdate=June 29, 2015}}
38. ^{{cite news |author=Gina DiNunno |title=Lauren Conrad and Kim Kardashian to Guest Judge Top Model |url=http://www.tvguide.com/News/Lauren-Conrad-Kim-1008663.aspx |work=TVGuide.com |date=August 4, 2009 |accessdate=August 4, 2009 }}
39. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sevenbarfoundation.org/media/fusion-beauty/ |title=Fusion Beauty |publisher=Seven Bar Foundation |accessdate=July 3, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101018151740/http://www.sevenbarfoundation.org/media/fusion-beauty/ |archivedate=October 18, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}
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41. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/living/article/801349--kardashian-fame-and-fragrance |title=Kardashian Fame and Fragrance |work=Toronto Star |date=April 28, 2010 |accessdate=August 30, 2010 |first=Trish |last=Crawford}}
42. ^{{cite news |author=Kate Stanhope |title=Kim Kardashian and Vanessa Minnillo to Appear on CSI:NY |url=http://www.tvguide.com/News/Kardashian-Minnillo-CSI-1011580.aspx |work=TVGuide.com}}
43. ^{{cite web |url = http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/alltherage/2010/02/kim-kardashian-and-products-endorsements-perfume-nascar-cupcakes-candles-and-more.html |title = All the Rage: Kardashian Endorsements Seem to Have Va-Va-Vroom |work = Los Angeles Times |date = February 26, 2010 |accessdate = August 30, 2010 }}
44. ^{{cite web |url = https://www.forbes.com/2010/04/13/reality-tv-celebrity-fame-forbes-woman-entrepreneurs-business.html |title = Reality TV Stars Turned Entrepreneurs |work = Forbes |publisher=Forbes, Inc.|date = April 13, 2010 |accessdate = August 30, 2010 |first = Jenna |last = Goudreau }}
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46. ^{{cite news |url = http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/04/20/entertainment/main6414472.shtml |work = CBS News |title = Kim Kardashian Sparks Controversy Over Cat Photo}}
47. ^{{cite news |title = PETA Has Bone To Pick With Kim Kardashian |publisher = Popcrunch |date = November 17, 2010 |url = http://www.popcrunch.com/peta-has-bone-to-pick-with-kim-kardashian/ |accessdate = December 14, 2010}}
48. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.tvguide.com/News/90210-Kardashian-Sisters-1020039.aspx |title = Kardashian Sisters Land 90210 Cameo |publisher = TVGuide.com|date = 2010-06-29 }}
49. ^{{cite news |url = http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2010/07/02/2010-07-02_kim_kardashian_unveils_wax_statue_lookalike_at_madam_tussauds_in_times_square.html |title = Seeing double! Kim Kardashian Unveils Wax Statue Lookalike at Madam Tussauds in Times Square |work = New York Daily News |date = July 2, 2010 |accessdate = August 30, 2010 |first = Nick |last = Klopsis}}
50. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.movieweb.com/tv/TEzLMEr1MQqEDE/kim-kardashian-visits-octane |title = MovieWeb: "The Apprentice (2004–present): In-Store Display Challenge: Kim Kardashian Visits Octane" |date = November 12, 2010 |publisher = MovieWeb.com |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110718190636/http://www.movieweb.com/tv/TEzLMEr1MQqEDE/kim-kardashian-visits-octane |archivedate = July 18, 2011 |df = mdy-all }}
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://entertainment.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978687994 |title=The Apprentice, Kim Kardashian's Perfume Brings Out Best and Worst |date=November 12, 2010 |publisher=Gather.com |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711085318/http://entertainment.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474978687994 |archivedate=July 11, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}
52. ^{{cite news |url = http://www.glamour.com/sex-love-life/blogs/smitten/2010/06/keeping-up-with-kim-kourtney-a.html |title = Keeping Up With Kim, Kourtney and Khloé: The Kardashian Sisters Are Writing a Book! |publisher = Glamour Magazine |date = June 18, 2010 |accessdate = August 30, 2010}}
53. ^{{cite web |title = Dope Or Nope? Kim Kardashian Debuts New Single 'Turn It Up' |url = http://www.vibe.com/article/dope-or-nope-kim-kardashian-debuts-new-single-turn-it |publisher = Vibe |accessdate = July 2, 2014 |date = January 3, 2011}}
54. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.rap-up.com/2011/01/02/kim-kardashian-debuts-the-dream-penned-single-in-vegas/ |title = Kim Kardashian Debuts The-Dream-Penned Single in Vegas |publisher = Rap-Up.com |accessdate = July 3, 2011}}
55. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473545/kim-kardashian-theres-no-album-in-the-works |title = Latest Music News, Band, Artist, Musician & Music Video News |work = Billboard |date = February 7, 2011 |accessdate = July 3, 2011}}
56. ^{{cite news |last = Farber |first = Jim |title = Kim Kardashian song 'Jam (Turn It Up)' makes her the worst singer in the reality TV universe |url = http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-03-02/entertainment/28666720_1_kim-kardashian-jam-reality |accessdate = March 8, 2011 |newspaper = Daily News |location = New York |date = March 2, 2011}}
57. ^Dorian, John. "Kim Kardashian top-earning reality star for year 2010 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525160740/http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/89368/20101207/kim-kardashian-top-earning-reality-star-for-year-2010.htm |date=May 25, 2011 }} https://web.archive.org/web/20151017022319/http://au.ibtimes.com/articles/89368/20101207/kim-kardashian-top-earning-reality-star-for-year-2010.htm%22. International Business Times AU, December 7, 2010.
58. ^{{cite web |title = Kim Kardashian Is Highest Earning Reality Star of the Moment |url = http://news.softpedia.com/news/Kim-Kardashian-Is-Highest-Earning-Reality-Star-of-the-Moment-171223.shtml |publisher = Softpedia |accessdate = December 8, 2010 }}
59. ^{{cite web |url = http://stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com/2012/03/05/kim-kardashian-perfume-true-reflection-ad/ |title = Kim Kardashian Perfume: True Reflection |publisher = Stylenews.peoplestylewatch.com |date = August 29, 2011 |accessdate = June 16, 2013 }}
60. ^{{cite web |last = Andreeva |first = Nellie |url = http://www.deadline.com/2012/04/the-kardashian-family-signs-3-year-deal-with-e-for-3-more-seasons-of-keeping-up-with-the-kardashians-other-reality-shows/ |title = 'Keeping Up with the Kardashians' Renewed – E! Extends Series For Three More Seasons |publisher = Deadline.com |date = 2012-04-24|accessdate = August 9, 2012 }}
61. ^{{cite news |last = Casserly |first = Meghan |url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/meghancasserly/2012/04/24/keeping-up-with-the-kardashians-2015-e-pays-40-million-for-three-more-years/ |title = 'Keeping Up with the Kardashians 2015: E! Pays $40 Million For Three More Years|work = Forbes |publisher=Forbes, Inc. |date =April 24, 2012 |accessdate = November 12, 2012}}
62. ^{{cite web|title=Kim Kardashian Releases Glam Fragrance |url=http://style.mtv.co.uk/posts/201210/kim-kardashian-released-glam-fragrance |publisher=Style MTV |accessdate=October 24, 2012 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605100943/http://style.mtv.co.uk/posts/201210/kim-kardashian-released-glam-fragrance |archivedate=June 5, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}
63. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2498147/kim-kardashian-family-notorious-big-hypnotize-video/|title=Kim Kardashian's Family Films Video To Notorious B.I.G.'s 'Hypnotize'|publisher=|accessdate=July 19, 2016}}
64. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=marriagecounselor.htm | title=Tyler Perry's Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013) - Box Office Mojo}}
65. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.mtv.com/news/1996116/jean-paul-goode-kim-kardashian-grace-jones/ |title = Meet The Man Behind Kim Kardashian's 'Break The Internet' Cover: Jean-Paul Goude |work = MTV News |publisher= Viacom Media Networks |date = November 12, 2014 |accessdate = March 23, 2015 |last= Muller|first= Marissa G.}}
66. ^{{cite web |url = http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/kim-kardashian-leaves-imagination-racy-magazine-cover/story?id=26857961 |title = Kim Kardashian Leaves Little to Imagination in Raciest Magazine Cover Yet |work = ABC News |publisher=Disney Media Networks |date = November 12, 2014 |accessdate = November 13, 2014 |author = Rothman, Michael}}
67. ^{{cite news |last = Fortini |first = Amanda |url = http://www.papermag.com/2014/11/kim_kardashian.php |title = NO FILTER: An Afternoon With Kim Kardashian |work = |location = |publisher = Paper |date = November 2014 |accessdate = November 14, 2014}}
68. ^{{cite news |last = Flower |first = Brandi |url = http://www.cambio.com/2014/11/11/whoa-kim-kardashian-bares-her-butt-goes-nude-for-paper-mag/ |title = Whoa! Kim Kardashian Bares Her Butt, Goes Nude for 'Paper' Magazine |work = |location = |publisher = Paper |date = November 11, 2014 |accessdate = November 14, 2014}}
69. ^{{cite news |last = Szubiak |first = Ali |url = http://www.popcrush.com/kim-kardashian-bare-butt-paper-magazine/ |title = Kim Kardashian Bares Her Butt On the Cover of Paper Magazine [PHOTO] |work = |location = |publisher = Pop Crush |date = November 11, 2014 |accessdate = November 2, 2014}}
70. ^{{cite news| first= Brian |last= Moylan |url= http://time.com/3581618/kim-kardashian-butt-paper-magazine-empty-promise/ |title= Kim Kardashian's Butt Is an Empty Promise |work=Time |date= November 12, 2014 |accessdate=June 29, 2015 |publisher=Time Inc.}}
71. ^Van Grove, Jennifer. "Kim Kardashian Didn't Break the Internet, but She Did Set a New Benchmark", The Street, November 17, 2014
72. ^{{cite news|last=Grossman|first=Samantha|title=Top 10 Things That Broke the Internet|url=http://time.com/3587943/things-that-broke-the-internet/|work=Time|publisher=Time Inc.|date=December 2, 2014|accessdate=June 7, 2015}}
73. ^{{cite news|last=Shields|first=Mike|title=Kim Kardashian Doesn't Break Paper Magazine's Servers–At Least Not Yet|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/cmo/2014/11/13/kim-kardashian-doesnt-break-paper-magazines-servers-at-least-not-yet/| work= The Wall Street Journal | publisher= News Corp |date=November 13, 2014|accessdate=June 7, 2015}}
74. ^{{cite web |last = Rothman |first = Michael |date = June 18, 2014 |title = Take a Sneak Peek at Kim Kardashian's New Video Game |url = http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/sneak-peak-kim-kardashians-video-game/story?id=24194987 | work = ABC News |location = |publisher = Disney Media Networks |accessdate = June 19, 2014}}
75. ^1 2 {{cite web |last1 = Wortham |first1 = Jenna |title = Kim Kardashian, an Unlikely Mobile Video Game Hit |url = http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/07/30/kim-kardashian-an-unlikely-mobile-video-game-hit/ |work = The New York Times | publisher= The New York Times Company |accessdate = August 5, 2014|date = 2014-07-30 }}
76. ^1 {{cite news |url = https://variety.com/2013/tv/news/kim-kardashian-to-play-alien-on-american-dad-1200665746/ |title = Kim Kardashian 'American Dad': Reality Star to Play Alien on Comedy |publisher = Variety |date = |accessdate = September 25, 2013}}
77. ^1 {{cite web | first= Dan |last= Snierson |url = http://insidetv.ew.com/2013/09/24/american-dad-kim-kardashian/ |title = Kim Kardashian to play alien on 'American Dad' |work = Entertainment Weekly |publisher=Time Inc.|date = September 24, 2013 |accessdate=June 29, 2015}}
78. ^{{cite news| url= http://time.com/3849456/kim-kardashians-selfish/| title= Kim Kardashian's Selfish Is Anything But |accessdate= June 29, 2015 |date=May 7, 2015 |first=Sarah |last=Begley |work=Time |publisher=Time Inc.}}
79. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Link|first1=Monica|title=Kim Kardashian iOS Emoji App, 'Kimoji' Ranks Higher Than Grand Theft Auto|url=http://www.idigitaltimes.com/kim-kardashian-ios-emoji-app-kimoji-ranks-higher-grand-theft-auto-500372|website=Idigital Times|accessdate=January 1, 2016}}
80. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vogue.com/13297483/kim-kardashian-vogue-espana-inspired-makeup/|title=Kim Kardashian West's "Vogue España" Cover Shoot Inspires Us to Strip Down|first=Amber|last=Kallor|publisher=|accessdate=July 19, 2016}}
81. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/marketplace-celebrity-endorsements-1.3841922|title=How celebrities like Kim Kardashian are selling you ads and products|date=11 November 2016|accessdate=14 November 2017|publisher=CBC News}}
82. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://ew.com/movies/2017/01/17/kim-kardashian-kendall-jenner-oceans-eight-cameos/|title=Kim Kardashian and Kendall Jenner will make cameos in Ocean's Eight|website=Entertainment Weekly|first=Stephanie|last=Petit|date=January 17, 2017 |accessdate=January 17, 2017}}
83. ^{{cite web|url=http://people.com/movies/kim-kardashian-kendall-jenner-oceans-eight-cameo-photos-on-set/|title=Kim Kardashian and Kendall Jenner Are Making Cameos in Ocean's Eight|website=People|first=Stephanie|last=Petit |date=January 17, 2017|accessdate=January 17, 2017}}
84. ^1 {{cite web |title = Kim Kardashian Biography |url = http://www.people.com/people/kim_kardashian/biography/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101061600/http://www.people.com/people/kim_kardashian/biography/|archivedate=January 1, 2014|work = People |publisher= Time Inc. |accessdate =January 5, 2018}}
85. ^{{cite web |first= Chantal|last= Waldholz |title = Rob Kardashian Fears Marriage Because of Divorce — 5 Reasons That's Not Exactly Surprising! |url = http://www.lifeandstylemag.com/posts/rob-kardashian-fears-marriage-because-of-divorce-5-reasons-that-s-not-exactly-surprising-34898/photos/kim-s-divorce-numero-uno-26628 |work =Life & Style |publisher=Bauer Media Group |accessdate = July 2, 2014 |date = February 7, 2014 }}
86. ^{{cite web|url=https://people.com/tv/kim-kardashian-high-ecstasy-first-wedding-sex-tape/|title=Kim Kardashian Says She Was High on Ecstasy During First Wedding — and When She Made a Sex Tape|publisher=|accessdate=November 26, 2018}}
87. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1673479/kim-kardashian-kris-humphries-timeline.jhtml |title = Kim Kardashian And Kris Humphries: A Timeline |first = Jocelyn |last = Vena |date = October 31, 2011 |accessdate = October 31, 2011 |work = MTV News |publisher= Viacom Media Networks}}
88. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20521390,00.html |title = Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries Are Married! |first = Jennifer |last = Garcia |date = August 20, 2011 |accessdate = August 21, 2011 |work = People |publisher = Time Inc. |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110925205707/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20521390,00.html |archivedate = September 25, 2011 |df = mdy-all }}
89. ^{{cite web |author = Meagan Morris |url = http://www.sheknows.com/beauty-and-style/articles/837787/kim-kardashian-reveals-new-wedding-day-fragrance-love |title = Kim Kardashian reveals new wedding day fragrance, Love |publisher = Sheknows.com |date = August 3, 2011 |accessdate = June 16, 2013}}
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169. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=2010 Teen Choice Awards Winners List 'Twilight Saga,' Justin Bieber and Miley Cyrus are the night's big winners|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1645401/2010-teen-choice-awards-winners-list.jhtml|work=MTV News|publisher=Viacom Media Networks|date=August 9, 2010|accessdate=June 29, 2015}}
170. ^{{cite news|title=Teen Choice Awards 2011 Winners Revealed|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/teen-choice-awards-2011-winners-220172|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=July 7, 2011|first=Kimberly|last=Nordyke}}
171. ^{{cite web|title=Teen Choice Awards 2012: Complete Winners List Justin Bieber, Taylor Swift and 'Hunger Games' clean up Sunday night.|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1690174/teen-choice-awards-winners-list.jhtml|work=MTV News|publisher=Viacom Media Networks|accessdate=July 22, 2012}}
172. ^{{cite news|title=Teen Choice Awards 2013: Full list of winners |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/teen-choice-awards-2013-full-list-winners-article-1.1424437|publisher=Daily News|accessdate=August 12, 2013|location=New York}}
173. ^{{cite web|title=Box Office Hits, Remakes and Sequels Dominate This Year's RAZZIE® Nominations|url=http://www.razzies.com/history/30thNoms.asp|publisher=Razzie}}
174. ^{{cite web|title=Kim Kardashian Nominated For 'Worst Actress' Razzie Award… Check Out 5 Other Questionable Honors She's Received|url=http://www.intouchweekly.com/stars/news/kim-kardashian-razzie-worst-supporting-actress-5-more-questionable-honors-awards|work=In Touch Weekly|publisher=Bauer Media Group|accessdate=January 15, 2014|first=Carly|last=Sitzer|date=January 3, 2014}}
175. ^{{cite web|title=People's Choice Awards 2012 Winners List Katy Perry, 'Harry Potter' and Emma Stone nab multiple awards.|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1677156/peoples-choice-awards-winners-list.jhtml|work=MTV News|publisher=Viacom Media Networks|accessdate=January 12, 2012}}
176. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/awards/7661621/peoples-choice-awards-2017-winners-list|title=People's Choice Awards 2017: See the Full List of Winners|website=Billboard|access-date=2019-03-16}}
177. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/kim-kardashian-glamour-awards-acceptance-speech|title=Kim Kardashian accepts her GLAMOUR Award|last=Glamour|website=Glamour UK|access-date=2019-03-19}}
178. ^{{Cite web|url=https://cfda.com/news/kim-kardashian-west-to-receive-influencer-award-at-2018-cfda-fashion-awards|title=CFDA|website=cfda.com|access-date=2019-03-19}}
179. ^{{cite web|author = Buzz Bissinger |title=Introducing Caitlyn Jenner|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/06/caitlyn-jenner-bruce-cover-annie-leibovitz/|work=Vanity Fair|date=June 1, 2015|accessdate=June 1, 2015}}
}}

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • [https://www.kimkardashianwest.com/ Official website]
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