| 释义 |
- Allergens Food Drug Environmental Contact
- See also
- References
- Further reading
This is a list of allergies, which includes the allergen, potential reactions, and a brief description of the cause where applicable. AllergensFood{{main|Food allergy}}| Name | Potential reaction(s) | Remarks | | Balsam of Peru | Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritus, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters. | Present in many foods, such as coffee, flavored tea, wine, beer, gin, liqueurs, apéritifs (e.g. vermouth, bitters), soft drinks including cola, juice, citrus, citrus fruit peel, marmalade, tomatoes and tomato-containing products, Mexican and Italian foods with red sauces, ketchup, spices (e.g. cloves, Jamaica pepper (allspice), cinnamon, nutmeg, paprika, curry, anise, and ginger), chili sauce, barbecue sauce, chutney, pickles, pickled vegetables, chocolate, vanilla, baked goods and pastries, pudding, ice cream, chewing gum, and candy. | | Egg | Anaphylaxis, sometimes flatulence and vomiting | | Fish or shellfish[1] | Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting | Hazard extends to exposure to cooking vapors, or handling. | | Fruit | Mild itching, rash, blisters at point of oral contact | Mango, strawberries are common problems | | Garlic | Dermatitis, asymmetrical pattern of fissure, thickening/shedding of the outer skin layers,[1] anaphylaxis | | Hot peppers | Skin rash, hives, throat tightness, tongue swelling, possible vomiting | | Oats | Dermatitis, respiratory problems, anaphylaxis | | Meat[2] | Dermatitis, rarely anaphylaxis | Allergies to the sugar carbohydrate found in beef, lamb, and pork called alpha-gal. It is brought on by tick bites.[3][4] | | Milk[5] | Skin rash, hives, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain, flatulence, nasal congestion, dermatitis, blisters, anaphylaxis | Not to be confused with lactose intolerance.[6] | | Peanut[7] | Anaphylaxis and swelling, sometimes vomiting | Includes some cold-pressed peanut oils. Distinct from tree nut allergy, as peanuts are legumes. | | Rice | Sneezing, runny nose, itching, stomachache, eczema. | People with a rice allergy can be affected by eating rice or breathing in rice steam. | | Sesame | Possible respiratory, skin, and gastrointestinal reactions which can trigger serious systemic anaphylactic responses.[8][9] | By law, foods containing sesame must be labeled so in European Union, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.[8] | | Soy | Anaphylaxis, sometimes vomiting | | Sulfites | Hives, rash, redness of skin, headache (particular frontal), burning behind eyes, breathing difficulties (anaphylaxis) | | Tartrazine | Skin irritation, hives, rash | Synthetic yellow food coloring, also used for bright green coloring | | Tree nut[10] | Anaphylaxis, swelling, rash, hives, sometimes vomiting | Hazard extends to exposure to cooking vapors, or handling. Distinct from peanut allergy, as peanuts are legumes. | | Wheat[11] | Eczema (atopic dermatitis), Hives, asthma, hay fever, angioedema, abdominal cramps, Celiac disease, diarrhea, temporary (3 or 4 day) mental incompetence, anemia, nausea, and vomiting[12] | Not to be confused with Celiac Disease or NCGS (Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity). While wheat allergies are "true" allergies, Celiac Disease is an autoimmune disease.[13] |
Drug{{main|Drug allergy}}| Name | Possible reaction(s) | Remarks | | Balsam of Peru | Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritus, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters. | Present in many drugs, such as hemorrhoid suppositories and ointment (e.g. Anusol), cough medicine/suppressant and lozenges, diaper rash ointments, oral and lip ointments, tincture of benzoin, wound spray (it has been reported to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as the common ulcer-causing bacteria H. pylori in test-tube studies), calamine lotion, surgical dressings, dental cement, eugenol used by dentists, some periodontal impression materials, and in the treatment of dry socket in dentistry. | | Tetracycline | Many, including: severe headache, dizziness, blurred vision, fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms, severe blistering, peeling, dark colored urine[14][15][16] | | Dilantin | Many, including: swollen glands, easy bruising or bleeding, fever, sore throat[17][18][19] | | Tegretol (carbamazepine) | Shortness of breath, wheezing or difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue etc., hives[20][21][22] | | Penicillin | Diarrhea, hypersensitivity, nausea, rash, neurotoxicity, urticaria | | Cephalosporins | Maculopapular or morbilliform skin eruption, and less commonly urticaria, eosinophilia, serum-sickness–like reactions, and anaphylaxis.[23] | | Sulfonamides | Urinary tract disorders, haemopoietic disorders, porphyria and hypersensitivity reactions, Stevens–Johnson syndrome toxic epidermal necrolysis | | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (cromolyn sodium, nedocromil sodium, etc.) | Many, including: swollen eyes, lips, or tongue, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, rapid heart rate[24] | | Intravenous contrast dye | Anaphylactoid reactions and contrast-induced nephropathy | | Local anesthetics | Urticaria and rash, dyspnea, wheezing, flushing, cyanosis, tachycardia[25] |
Environmental{{main|Allergy#Other environmental factors}}| Name | Possible reaction(s) | Remarks | | Balsam of Peru | Redness, swelling, itching, allergic contact dermatitis reactions, stomatitis (inflammation and soreness of the mouth or tongue), cheilitis (inflammation, rash, or painful erosion of the lips, oropharyngeal mucosa, or angles of their mouth), pruritus, hand eczema, generalized or resistant plantar dermatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and blisters. | A number of national and international surveys have identified Balsam of Peru as being in the "top five" allergens most commonly causing patch test reactions in people referred to dermatology clinics.[26][27] | | Pollen | Sneezing, body ache, headache (in rare cases, extremely painful cluster headaches may occur due to allergic sinusitis; these may leave a temporary time period of 1 and a half to 2 days with eye sensitivity), allergic conjunctivitis (includes watery, red, swelled, itchy, and irritating eyes), runny nose, irritation of the nose, nasal congestion, minor fatigue, chest pain and discomfort, coughing, sore throat, facial discomfort (feeling of stuffed face) due to allergic sinusitis, possible asthma attack, wheezing | | Cat | Sneezing, itchy swollen eyes, rash, congestion, wheezing | | dogs}} Dog | Rash, sneezing, congestion, wheezing, vomiting from coughing, Sometimes itchy welts. | Caused by dander, saliva or urine of dogs, or by dust, pollen or other allergens that have been carried on the fur.[28] Allergy to dogs is present in as much as 10 percent of the population.[28] | | Insect sting | Hives, wheezing, possible anaphylaxis | | Mold | Sneeze, coughing, itchy, discharge from the nose, respiratory irritation, congested feeling,[29] joint aches, headaches, fatigue[30] | | Perfume | Itchy eyes, runny nose, sore throat, headaches, muscle/joint pain, asthma attack, wheezing, chest pain, blisters | | Cosmetics | Contact dermatitis,[31] irritant contact dermatitis, inflammation, redness,[32] conjunctivitis[33] | | Semen | Burning, pain and swelling, possibly for days, swelling or blisters, vaginal redness,[34] fever, runny nose, extreme fatigue[35][36][37][38][39] | In a case study in Switzerland, a woman who was allergic to Balsam of Peru was allergic to her boyfriend's semen following intercourse, after he drank large amounts of Coca-Cola.[40] | | Latex | Contact dermatitis, hypersensitivity | | Water (see note) | Epidermal itching | Strictly aquagenic pruritus or aquagenic urticaria, but cold urticaria may also be described as a "water allergy," in which water may cause hives and anaphylaxis | | House dust mite[41] | Asthma | Home allergen reduction may be recommended | | Nickel (nickel sulfate hexahydrate) | Allergic contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema[42][43] | | Gold (gold sodium thiosulfate) | Allergic contact dermatitis | | Chromium | Allergic contact dermatitis | | Cobalt chloride | Allergic contact dermatitis | | Formaldehyde | Allergic contact dermatitis | | Photographic developers | Allergic contact dermatitis | | Fungicide | Allergic contact dermatitis, fever, anaphylaxis |
]
15. ^Allergies From Antibiotics |LIVESTRONG.COM
16. ^Allergies From Antibiotics |LIVESTRONG.COM
17. ^[https://www.drugs.com/dilantin.html Dilantin Information from Drugs.com]
18. ^What are the most serious side effects of Dilantin?: Basic |Epilepsy.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225022953/http://www.epilepsy.com/medications/b_dilantin_serious |date=2011-12-25 }}
19. ^Anticonvulsant Drug Therapy: Dilantin: Neurology: UI Health Topics
20. ^Trileptal CMI approved 03.12.01
21. ^Tegretol (carbamazepine)
22. ^Carbamazepine {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111104134021/http://kidshealth.org/parent/medications/carbamazepine.html |date=2011-11-04 }}
23. ^MMS: Error
24. ^Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medicines (NSAIDs)
25. ^September 1998 CDA Journal – Toxicity and Allergy to Local Anesthesia {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204070934/http://www.cda.org/library/cda_member/pubs/journal/jour998/allergy.html |date=2011-12-04 }}
26. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mrreTHuo54wC&pg=PA352&dq=balsam+of+peru+allergy#v=onepage&q=balsam%20of%20peru%20allergy&f=false |title=Biocompatibility of Dental Materials |author1=Gottfried Schmalz |author2=Dorthe Arenholt Bindslev |publisher= Springer|date= 2008|accessdate=March 5, 2014|isbn=9783540777823 }}
27. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=fmwYAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT264&dq=%22balsam+of+peru%22+allergy#v=onepage&q=%22balsam%20of%20peru%22%20allergy&f=false |title=Conn's Current Therapy 2014: Expert Consult |author1=Edward T. Bope |author2=Rick D. Kellerman |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |date= 2013 |accessdate=March 6, 2014|isbn=9780323225724 }}
28. ^1 Dog Allergy at American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. References up to 2011
29. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.totalhealthguide.net/mold-allergies-preventative-tips.html |title=Mold allergies, Mold allergy symptoms, What is mold allergy |access-date=2011-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115130041/http://www.totalhealthguide.net/mold-allergies-preventative-tips.html |archive-date=2011-11-15 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
30. ^Mold allergies, allergic response, and allergy symptoms
31. ^{{Cite web |url=http://allergytips.org/two-types-of-cosmetic-allergy/ |title=Two Types of Cosmetic Allergy |access-date=2011-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724235039/http://allergytips.org/two-types-of-cosmetic-allergy/ |archive-date=2011-07-24 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
32. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/4528/1/The-Downside-To-Cosmetics---Cosmetic-Allergy.html |title=The Downside To Cosmetics – Cosmetic Allergy |access-date=2011-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004113929/http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/4528/1/The-Downside-To-Cosmetics---Cosmetic-Allergy.html |archive-date=2011-10-04 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
33. ^Conjunctivitis – allergic and infectious – information, symptoms and treatment |Bupa UK
34. ^Getting Pregnant and Fertility Problems: Sperm Allergy
35. ^'Flu-like symptoms actually semen allergy' – Times LIVE
36. ^Semen Allergy Can Cause Flu-like Symptoms in Men |TopNews United States
37. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20110123174131/http://www.dailyhealthreport.org/semen-allergy-can-be-treated-study-shows/994/ Semen Allergy Can Be Treated, Study Shows |Daily Health Report]
38. ^Semen Allergy
39. ^UPDATE 1-Semen allergy suspected in rare post-orgasm illness – AlertNet {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728144235/http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/update-1-semen-allergy-suspected-in-rare-post-orgasm-illness |date=2011-07-28 }}
40. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=I15eJt6U3gMC&pg=PA165&dq=%22balsam+of+peru%22+allergy#v=onepage&q=%22balsam%20of%20peru%22%20allergy&f=false |author=Harlan Walker|title=Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods: Proceedings |publisher= Oxford Symposium|date= 1990|accessdate=March 7, 2014|isbn=9780907325444}}
41. ^{{cite journal |author=Xavier Basagaña, Jordi Sunyer, Manolis Kogevinas, Jan-Paul Zock, Enric Duran-Tauleria, Deborah Jarvis, Peter Burney, Josep Maria Anto, and on behalf of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey |year=2004 |title=Socioeconomic Status and Asthma Prevalence in Young Adults. The European Community Respiratory Health Survey |journal=American Journal of Epidemiology |volume=160 |issue=2 |pages=178–188 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwh186 |pmid=15234940}}
42. ^{{cite journal | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1979.tb04907.x | title = Nickel cobalt and chromium sensitivity in patients with pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema) | year = 1979 | last1 = Vien | first1 = Niels K. | last2 = Kaaber | first2 = Knud | journal = Contact Dermatitis | volume = 5 | issue = 6 | pages = 371–4 | pmid = 160856}}
43. ^{{cite journal | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb01622.x | title = Low nickel diet in the treatment of patients with chronic nickel dermatitis | year = 1978 | last1 = Kaaber | first1 = K. | last2 = Veien | first2 = N. K. | last3 = Tjell | first3 = J. C. | journal = British Journal of Dermatology | volume = 98 | issue = 2 | pages = 197–201 | pmid = 629873}}
44. ^Risk factors for reaction to latex include spina bifida, family history of allergy to latex, or a personal history of allergies, asthma, or eczema
45. ^Paraphenylenediamine may be added to henna but is not found in pure henna.
See also {{col div|colwidth=30em}}- Allergic inflammation
- Elimination diet
- Food intolerance
- Oral allergy syndrome
- List of inclusion bodies that aid in diagnosis of cutaneous conditions
- List of cutaneous conditions
- List of genes mutated in cutaneous conditions
- List of target antigens in pemphigus
- List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system
{{colend}} References {{reflist|30em}}- {{cite book |author=Bolognia, Jean L.|title=Dermatology |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |pages= |isbn=978-1-4160-2999-1 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=|display-authors=etal}}
- {{cite book |author=James, William D.|title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |year=2006 |pages= |isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6 |oclc= |accessdate=|display-authors=etal}}
Further reading - [https://web.archive.org/web/20110109100011/http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/pubs/bibs/gen/allergy.pdf Resource List on Food Allergies and Intolerances for Consumers (PDF|266 KB)], Food and Nutrition Information Center, National Agricultural Library. A collection of resources on the topic of food allergies and intolerances.
{{Allergic conditions}}{{Consequences of external causes}}{{Hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases}}{{Food science}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Allergens}} 7 : Effects of external causes|Allergology|Pulmonology|Gastroenterology|Immune system disorders|Food allergies|Dermatology-related lists |