| 词条 | Amraphel |
| 释义 |
In the Hebrew Bible, Amraphel {{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|m|r|ə|ˌ|f|ɛ|l}} ({{lang-he|אַמְרָפֶל|translit=’Amrāp̄el}}; {{lang-el|Αμαρφάλ|Amarphál}}; {{lang-la|Amraphel}}) was a king of Shinar (Sumer) in Genesis 14,[1] who invaded Canaan along with other kings under the leadership of Chedorlaomer, king of Elam. Chedorlaomer's coalition defeated Sodom and the other Cities of the Plain in the Battle of the Vale of Siddim. Beginning with E. Schrader in 1888[2] this king was usually associated with Hammurabi, who ruled Babylonia from 1792 BC until his death in 1750 BC. However, this view has been largely abandoned in recent years.[3][4] According to John Van Seters in Abraham in History and Tradition, the existence of Amraphel is unconfirmed by any sources outside the Bible. This is contradicted in the following section. In Rabbinic traditionRabbinic sources such as Midrash Tanhuma Lekh Lekhah 6, Targum Yonatan to Exodus 14:1, and Eruvin 53a[5]{{rp|2}} identify Amraphel with Nimrod. This is also asserted in the 11th chapter of the Sefer haYashar, attested from the early 17th century: {{quote|And Nimrod dwelt in Babel, and he there renewed his reign over the rest of his subjects, and he reigned securely, and the subjects and princes of Nimrod called his name Amraphel, saying that at the tower his princes and men fell through his means.|Sefer haYashar 11}}Genesis Rabbah 42 says Amraphel was called by three names: Cush, after his father's name (Gen. 10:8), Nimrod, because he established rebellion (mrd) in the world, and Amraphel, as he declared (amar) "I will cast down" (apilah). References1. ^Genesis chapter 14, verses 1 and 9 2. ^[https://archive.org/details/cuneiforminscrip02schr Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament], vol II (1888), pp 299ff 3. ^{{cite book |editor1=Bruce M. Metzger |editor2=Michael D. Coogan |date=1993 |title=The Oxford Companion to the Bible |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=5 |chapter=Abraham||author=Robert North|isbn=0-19-504645-5 |author-link= }} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Gard Granerød|title=Abraham and Melchizedek: Scribal Activity of Second Temple Times in Genesis 14 and Psalm 110|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m5mlvNPexSEC&pg=PA114|date=26 March 2010|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-022346-0|page=120}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://halakhah.com/rst/moed/13c%20-%20Eruvin%20-%2053a-79a.pdf|title=The Soncino Babylonian Talmud|website=Halakhah.com|access-date=13 January 2017}} Bibliography
External links
3 : Torah monarchs|Lech-Lecha|Nimrod |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。