“Anaconda, Montana”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Anaconda, county seat of Deer Lodge County, which has a consolidated city-county government, is located in southwestern Montana of the United States. Located at the foot of the Anaconda Range (known locally as the "Pintlers"), the Continental Divide passes within {{convert|8|mi|abbr=on}} south of the community. As of the 2010 census the population of the consolidated city-county was 9,298, with a per capita personal income of $20,462 and a median household income of $34,716.^[3] It had earlier peaks of population in 1930 and 1980, based on the mining industry. It is still the ninth most populous city in Montana. Central Anaconda is {{convert|5335|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level, and is surrounded by the communities of Opportunity and West Valley.

The county area is {{convert|741|sqmi|km2}}, characterized by densely timbered forestlands, lakes, mountains and recreation grounds. The county has common borders with Beaverhead, Butte-Silver Bow, Granite, Jefferson and Powell counties.

History

Anaconda was founded by Marcus Daly, one of the Copper Kings, who financed the construction of a smelter on nearby Warm Springs Creek to process copper ore from the Butte mines. In June 1883, Daly filed for a town plat for "Copperopolis", but that name was already used by another mining town in Meagher County. Instead, Daly accepted the name "Anaconda", suggested by the United States postmaster of the time, Clinton Moore.^[4] Moore chose the name because of the important mine already existing in the area. When Montana was admitted as a state in 1889, Daly lobbied to have the capital moved here, but it stayed in Helena, a location supported by rival William Andrews Clark.

In 1903, the Socialist Party of America won its first victory west of the Mississippi when Anaconda voters elected a socialist mayor, treasurer, police judge, and three councilmen. The Socialist Party had grown within the expanding Montana labor movement. Initially, the Anaconda Copper Mining Company tolerated socialist activities, but when the Socialists gained political power and threatened to implement reform, the company systematically undermined the radical party. City workers and councilmen refused to cooperate with the new mayor, and the company began to fire Socialists. In the long run labor lost ground in Anaconda and the company exerted ever greater political control.^[5]

The Anaconda Company expanded smelting capacity over time; by 1919 the Washoe Reduction Works could boast that its 585-foot (178 m) smokestack (Anaconda Smelter Stack) was the tallest masonry structure in the world and that the smelter-refining complex constituted the world's largest non-ferrous processing plant.

In 1980, Atlantic Richfield Company closed the smelter, bringing an end to almost a century of mineral processing.^[6] While some aspects of the operation had been cleaned up under environmental laws, closing the smelter resulted in a large area contaminated with hazardous wastes. Since then, an operation for environmental cleanup was put into place by the federal Environmental Protection Agency and executed with the assistance of ARCO. The multimillion-dollar cleanup and redevelopment has resulted in the "Old Works" Golf Course, a championship 18-hole course designed by Jack Nicklaus.

Geography

Climate

{{Weather box
|location = Anaconda
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 60
|Feb record high F = 65
|Mar record high F = 71
|Apr record high F = 83
|May record high F = 89
|Jun record high F = 95
|Jul record high F = 100
|Aug record high F = 98
|Sep record high F = 95
|Oct record high F = 88
|Nov record high F = 71
|Dec record high F = 60
|year record high F= 100
|Jan high F = 35.2
|Feb high F = 39.9
|Mar high F = 46.6
|Apr high F = 55.3
|May high F = 64.2
|Jun high F = 72.8
|Jul high F = 80.4
|Aug high F = 80.5
|Sep high F = 70.2
|Oct high F = 58.4
|Nov high F = 42.5
|Dec high F = 34.9
|Jan mean F = 24.2
|Feb mean F = 28.2
|Mar mean F = 34.4
|Apr mean F = 41.8
|May mean F = 50.0
|Jun mean F = 57.8
|Jul mean F = 63.6
|Aug mean F = 63.4
|Sep mean F = 54.1
|Oct mean F = 44.2
|Nov mean F = 31.3
|Dec mean F = 24.0
|Jan low F = 13.1
|Feb low F = 16.5
|Mar low F = 22.1
|Apr low F = 28.3
|May low F = 35.7
|Jun low F = 42.7
|Jul low F = 46.8
|Aug low F = 46.3
|Sep low F = 38.0
|Oct low F = 30.0
|Nov low F = 20.1
|Dec low F = 13.1
|Jan record low F = −28
|Feb record low F = −35
|Mar record low F = −12
|Apr record low F = 4
|May record low F = 17
|Jun record low F = 27
|Jul record low F = 30
|Aug record low F = 25
|Sep record low F = 12
|Oct record low F = −9
|Nov record low F = −22
|Dec record low F = −38
|year record low F= −38
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.58
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.46
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.04
|Apr precipitation inch = 1.17
|May precipitation inch = 1.85
|Jun precipitation inch = 1.93
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.43
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.47
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.14
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.84
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.84
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.63
|source 1= NOAA (normals, 1971–2000) ^[7]
|source 2= The Weather Channel (Records) ^[8]
|date=April 2011}}

Demographics

Arts and culture

On main street is the Washoe Theater, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was the last theater constructed in the United States in the Nuevo Deco style. The theater was designed in 1930 by B. Marcus Priteca, an architect from Seattle and opened in 1936. It was listed by the NRHP for architectural significance in 1982. It currently is used for showing films, plus periodically hosting plays and other types of entertainment.

Government and politics

Deer Lodge County voters have a record as the most consistently Democratic county in Montana for Presidential elections. These voters have not supported a Republican candidate since Calvin Coolidge in 1924. In the last five elections before 2016, the Democratic candidate has won by 21% to nearly 49% of Deer Lodge County's vote. In gubernatorial elections, the only Republican to carry the county in the last twenty years was Marc Racicot in the 1996 election. In that election the original Democratic nominee, Chet Blaylock, died and Marc Racicot carried every county.^[11]

The city is in the 39th district of the Montana Senate and is represented by Democrat Gene Vuckovich in the 2019 legislative session.

Elected in 2017, Bill Everett is the current CEO. The CEO is elected by a plurality vote on a non-partisan ballot for a four (4) year term.^[12]

Sports and recreation

Education

Four schools are part of Anaconda School District 10, including a Head Start program; Lincoln Elementary (grades k-3), Fred Moodry Intermediate School (grades 4–6), and Anaconda Junior-Senior High School (grades 7–12). The district has a web site with information about the schools.^[13]

Film Credits

Anaconda has been a filming location for a few movies, documentaries & a T.V. Show including:

Notable people

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|title=Population Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015-3.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=July 14, 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019182931/https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015-3.html |archivedate=October 19, 2016 |df= }}
2. ^{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US3001675| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Anaconda-Deer Lodge County, Montana| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=November 2, 2015}}
3. ^U.S. Census 2010
4. ^{{cite book|last1=Carkeek Cheney|first1=Roberta|title=Names on the Face of Montana|date=1983|publisher=Mountain Press Publishing Company|location=Missoula, Montana|isbn=0-87842-150-5|page=6}}
5. ^Jerry Calvert, "The Rise and Fall of Socialism in a Company Town, 1902–1905", Montana, Dec 1986, Vol. 36 Issue 4, pp 2-13
6. ^Aarstad, Rich, Ellie Arguimbau, Ellen Baumler, Charlene Porsild, and Brian Shovers. Montana Place Names from Alzada to Zortman {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008060633/http://mhs.mt.gov/pub/press/reference.asp#PlaceNames |date=October 8, 2009 }}. Montana Historical Society Press.
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim81/MTnorm.pdf |title=Climatography of the United States NO.81 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=January 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715211333/http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim81/MTnorm.pdf |archive-date=2014-07-15 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/USMT0006 |title=Monthly Averages for Anaconda, MT |publisher=The Weather Channel |accessdate=January 15, 2011 }}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015 |accessdate=July 2, 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20160602200744/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html |archivedate=June 2, 2016 |df= }}
10. ^Moffatt, Riley. Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850–1990. Lanham: Scarecrow, 1996, 127.
11. ^David Leip's Election Atlas
12. ^
13. ^Anaconda Public Schools
14. ^{{cite book |last=Corman |first=Marvin L. |date=2005 |title=Colon and Rectal Surgery |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=imEv3PqkJSEC&pg=PA1574&dq=Lester+Dragstedt&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AVNpVcn0GoHvsQWIgoGYBg&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Lester%20Dragstedt&f=false |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |page=1574 |isbn=0781740436 |access-date=May 30, 2015}}
15. ^{{cite news|first=|last=|title=Founder of the Jesuit Volunteer Corps movement dies |url=http://www.catholicsentinel.org/Main.asp?SectionID=2&SubSectionID=35&ArticleID=19386|work=Catholic Sentinel |date=2012-10-02 |accessdate=2012-10-11}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=3014 |title=Thomas J. Ward |accessdate=July 1, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715003116/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=3014 |archivedate=July 15, 2014 }}