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词条 Anacortes, Washington
释义

  1. History

  2. Geography

  3. Climate

  4. Demographics

     2010 census 

  5. Description

  6. Government

  7. Recreation and tourism

  8. Festivals and celebrations

  9. Notable people

  10. Sister cities

  11. See also

  12. References

  13. External links

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Anacortes, Washington
|settlement_type = City
|image_skyline = AnacortesWashingtonCapSante.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = View of the downtown and marina of Anacortes from the east
|image_seal = Anacortesseal.jpg
|image_map = Skagit_County_Washington_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Anacortes_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption =
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_type2 = County
|subdivision_name = United States
|subdivision_name1 = Washington
|subdivision_name2 = Skagit
|government_type =
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Laurie Gere
|established_date =
|area_magnitude =
|area_footnotes = [1]
|area_total_km2 = 40.53
|area_land_km2 = 30.32
|area_water_km2 = 10.21
|population_as_of = 2010
|population_est = 16953
|pop_est_as_of = 2017
|pop_est_footnotes = [2]
|population_footnotes = [3]
|population_total = 15778
|population_density_km2 = 559.05
|population_density_sq_mi = 1447.98
|timezone = PST
|utc_offset = -8
|timezone_DST = PDT
|utc_offset_DST = -7
|latitude =
|longitude =
|coordinates = {{coord|48|30|7|N|122|37|25|W|region:US-WA|display=inline,title}}
|area_total_sq_mi = 15.65
|area_land_sq_mi = 11.71
|area_water_sq_mi = 3.94
|elevation_m = 7
|elevation_ft = 23
|postal_code_type = ZIP code
|postal_code = 98221
|area_code = 360
|area_code_type = Area code
|blank_name = FIPS code
|blank_info = 53-01990
|blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
|blank1_info = 1511964[2]
|blank2_name = Highways
|blank2_info = {{jct|state=WA|WA|20}}
|website = City of Anacortes
|footnotes =
|unit_pref = Imperial
}}

Anacortes {{IPAc-en|ˌ|æ|n|ə|ˈ|k|ɔr|t|ə|s}} is a city in Skagit County, Washington, United States. The name "Anacortes" is an adaptation of the name of Anne Curtis Bowman, who was the wife of early Fidalgo Island settler Amos Bowman.[3] Anacortes' population was 15,778 at the time of the 2010 census. It is one of two principal cities of and included in the Mount Vernon-Anacortes Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Anacortes is known for the Washington State Ferries dock and terminal serving Lopez Island, Shaw Island, Orcas Island, and San Juan Island, as well as Victoria, British Columbia (via Sidney, British Columbia) on Vancouver Island. There is also a Skagit County-operated ferry that serves Guemes Island, a residential island located across Guemes Channel, north of Anacortes.

History

Anacortes was officially incorporated on May 19, 1891.

In 1877, railroad surveyor and town founder Amos Bowman moved his family to the northern tip of Fidalgo Island. Bowman began promoting the area as an obvious terminus for the Northern Pacific Railway as it was built through the north Cascades to the Pacific. Bowman established the town's first newspaper, The Northwest Enterprise, to promote his vision of the New York of the West.[4]

Seattle and Northern Company began building a rail line from the town in 1888. Real estate and development boomed from 1888 to 1890 as a result of the railroad rumors, and the Oregon Improvement Company posted $15 million in bonds to develop the town.[5]

In 1891, the real estate bubble burst. Speculators lost money and the Oregon Improvement Company could no longer afford to complete tracks over the Cascades. The town failed to become the railroad terminus Bowman had envisioned.[6]

After the bust, the town became prominent for its fishing tradition, thriving canning industry, and timber mills.[6]

Geography

Anacortes is on Fidalgo Island. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|15.53|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|11.75|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|3.78|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[7]

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Anacortes has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb).

{{Weather box
|location = Anacortes
|single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 65
| Feb record high F = 69
| Mar record high F = 79
| Apr record high F = 83
| May record high F = 90
| Jun record high F = 95
| Jul record high F = 101
| Aug record high F = 95
| Sep record high F = 88
| Oct record high F = 82
| Nov record high F = 69
| Dec record high F = 74
| year record high F = 101
| Jan high F = 45.1
| Feb high F = 48.6
| Mar high F = 52.4
| Apr high F = 57.8
| May high F = 63.6
| Jun high F = 68.2
| Jul high F = 72.2
| Aug high F = 72.2
| Sep high F = 67.5
| Oct high F = 59.2
| Nov high F = 51
| Dec high F = 46.3
| year high F = 58.7
|Jan mean F = 39.8
|Feb mean F = 42.3
|Mar mean F = 45.3
|Apr mean F = 49.7
|May mean F = 54.7
|Jun mean F = 58.9
|Jul mean F = 62
|Aug mean F = 62
|Sep mean F = 58.5
|Oct mean F = 51.9
|Nov mean F = 45.2
|Dec mean F = 41.2
|year mean F = 51
| Jan low F = 34.5
| Feb low F = 35.9
| Mar low F = 38.1
| Apr low F = 41.6
| May low F = 45.7
| Jun low F = 49.6
| Jul low F = 51.7
| Aug low F = 51.8
| Sep low F = 49.4
| Oct low F = 44.6
| Nov low F = 39.4
| Dec low F = 36
| year low F = 43.2
| Jan record low F = 6
| Feb record low F = 9
| Mar record low F = 18
| Apr record low F = 27
| May record low F = 31
| Jun record low F = 33
| Jul record low F = 35
| Aug record low F = 33
| Sep record low F = 19
| Oct record low F = 23
| Nov record low F = 10
| Dec record low F = 4
| year record low F = 4 | precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 3.56
| Feb precipitation inch = 2.48
| Mar precipitation inch = 2.31
| Apr precipitation inch = 1.83
| May precipitation inch = 1.57
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.37
| Jul precipitation inch = 0.8
| Aug precipitation inch = 1
| Sep precipitation inch = 1.53
| Oct precipitation inch = 2.64
| Nov precipitation inch = 3.84
| Dec precipitation inch = 3.79
| year precipitation inch = 26.73
| Jan precipitation days = 17
| Feb precipitation days = 13
| Mar precipitation days = 14
| Apr precipitation days = 12
| May precipitation days = 9
| Jun precipitation days = 8
| Jul precipitation days = 4
| Aug precipitation days = 5
| Sep precipitation days = 8
| Oct precipitation days = 12
| Nov precipitation days = 17
| Dec precipitation days = 17
| Jan snow inch = 2.1
| Feb snow inch = 1.1
| Mar snow inch = 0.5
| Apr snow inch = 0
| May snow inch = 0
| Jun snow inch = 0
| Jul snow inch = 0
| Aug snow inch = 0
| Sep snow inch = 0
| Oct snow inch = 0
| Nov snow inch = 0.4
| Dec snow inch = 1
| year snow inch = 5.1
|source 1 = [8]
|date=November 2015
}}

Demographics

{{US Census population
|1890= 1131
|1900= 1476
|1910= 4168
|1920= 5284
|1930= 6564
|1940= 5875
|1950= 6919
|1960= 8414
|1970= 7701
|1980= 9013
|1990= 11451
|2000= 14557
|2010= 15778
|estyear=2017
|estimate=16953
|estref=[9]
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[10]
2015 Estimate[11]
}}

2010 census

As of the census[12] of 2010, there were 15,778 people, 6,980 households, and 4,461 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1342.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 7,680 housing units at an average density of {{convert|653.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 91.5% White, 0.7% African American, 1.0% Native American, 1.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population.

There were 6,980 households of which 24.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.1% were non-families. 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.75.

The median age in the city was 47.2 years. 19.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.4% were from 25 to 44; 29.9% were from 45 to 64; and 22.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

Description

Anacortes is on Fidalgo Island. Rosario Strait and the San Juan Islands are to the West while to the South, Deception Pass separates Fidalgo and Whidbey Islands. To the East, the Swinomish Channel separates Fidalgo Island from the mainland. The weather is milder than other areas of the Pacific Northwest, because it lies within the Olympic Mountain rain shadow. Fidalgo Island gets 21 inches of rain per year, only half as much as Seattle.

First known as Ship Harbor, Anacortes was established with a name and a post office in 1879 in the vain hope that it would be selected as the western terminus of the transcontinental railroad. The town was officially incorporated in 1891 shortly after the railroad bust, and became a lumber and fishing center.

In the 1950s oil companies built big refineries near Anacortes. Two of the five refineries operating in Washington are located near the town. One is owned and operated by Marathon Petroleum (originally built and owned by Shell Oil, it was later operated by Andeavor [formerly Tesoro]), the Marathon Anacortes Refinery, the other is owned and operated by Shell Puget Sound Refinery Company (originally built and owned by Texaco). Refining remains the area's largest industry, but the economic base now includes yacht construction/shipbuilding, tourism, and residential services for the nearby Whidbey Island Naval Air Station.

Government

Anacortes is governed via the mayor-council system. The mayor is elected directly. The city council consists of seven members, of whom three are elected from single member wards. The remaining four are elected at-large.

Recreation and tourism

Anacortes is a popular destination for boaters and those traveling on to the San Juan Islands. The city maintains a {{convert|220|acre|km2|sing=on}} city park on the northwestern end of Fidalgo Island named "Washington Park". This park features camping, boat launching, and majestic views of the San Juan Islands. The most prominent view is of Cypress Island.

As a result of Anacortes' proximity to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the area provides opportunities for whale-watching. The waters off of Anacortes and Fidalgo Island offer numerous varieties of marine-life, including three resident Orca pods.

Anacortes Community Forest Lands, {{convert|2800|acre|km2}} with {{convert|50|mi|km}} of mountain biking and hiking trails, are a rare amenity in a city the size of Anacortes. In adjacent Mount Erie Park, a number of rock climbing routes are popular on the cliffs of the south and west faces of Mount Erie. Mount Erie offers scenic vistas from its 1273-foot peak.[13]

Anacortes hosts many long-distance cyclists, as it is the western terminus of the Adventure Cycling Association's Northern Tier cross-country bicycle route, which ends in Bar Harbor, Maine.

{{clear left}}

Festivals and celebrations

  • "Shipwreck Day" is a popular single-day, flea market/town garage sale event held annually on the 3rd Saturday in July. City management accommodates the occasion by blocking off several downtown streets.[14]
  • What the Heck Fest was an annual festival coinciding with Shipwreck Day.[15] It began in 2001 and held its last festival in 2011. The festival took place at various locations all Anacortes in a week in the middle of July. Performers presented music, movies, literature, and art. The thematic center of the festival is the dinner show that includes a full meal along with the concert, an actual community event.[16][17]
  • The first weekend of August hosts the Anacortes Arts Festival. Started in 1962 as the result of the efforts of a group of dedicated community arts patrons, the festival is held in the midst of blocked-off downtown main street areas. Vendors, merchants, and artisans present their wares in covered booths while jazz and blues musicians are showcased on four different stages.
  • The Oyster Run is an annual one day biker-friendly motorcycle rally held on the fourth Sunday of September. Beginning in 1981, the event has grown into the largest rally in the Pacific Northwest, with an estimated motorcycle count of 15000 bikes, and growing in numbers each year.[18]

Notable people

  • Jake Anderson - Fisherman, television personality featured on Deadliest Catch.
  • Michael Arrington (born March 13, 1970) Entrepreneur, blogger, dog lover. Founder of TechCrunch and uncrunched.com.[19][20]
  • Richard Bach (born June 23, 1936) American writer, widely known as the author of the hugely popular 1970s best-sellers Jonathan Livingston Seagull and The Adventures of a Reluctant Messiah, among others.
  • Duane Berentson - educator, businessman, politician
  • Craig Bartlett – animator, creator of syndicated cartoons Hey Arnold! and Dinosaur Train.
  • Karl Blau – indie rock and folk musician.
  • Phil Elverum – independent musician.
  • Harry Smith - American music anthologist, experimental film maker
  • Donald Hume – Olympic rower, gold medalist at the 1936 Berlin Olympics.
  • Burl Ives – folk singer, author, and Oscar-ward winning actor, best known for his role of Rufus Hannassey in The Big Country and "Big Daddy" in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and in the animated holiday television program, Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer.
  • Rien Long – former NFL defensive lineman for the Tennessee Titans, 2002 Outland Trophy winner
  • The band The Lonely Forest originates from Anacortes
  • William Cameron McCool – (September 23, 1961 – February 1, 2003) was a United States Navy Commander, NASA astronaut and the Space Shuttle pilot of Columbia mission STS-107. He was killed when the craft disintegrated during re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.[21]
  • Kathi McDonald - (September 25, 1948 - October 3, 2012) blues and rock singer
  • James K. Okubo - (May 30, 1920 – January 29, 1967) posthumous recipient of the Medal of Honor, for service in the 442nd Regimental Combat Team
  • Charley Schanz – former Major League Baseball pitcher
  • Lowell Wakefield - founder of Wakefield Seafoods Inc[22]

Sister cities

Anacortes has four sister cities:[23]

  • {{flagicon|Japan}} Nikaho City (formerly Kisakata), Akita, Japan [24]
  • {{flagicon|Russia}} Lomonosov, Russia
  • {{flagicon|Canada}} Sidney, British Columbia, Canada
  • {{flagicon|Croatia}} Vela Luka, Croatia

See also

  • Anacortes School District
  • The Tempestry Project

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_53.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 28, 2019}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}}
3. ^"Historical Timeline." Anacortes History Museum. July 10, 2006. Retrieved on August 14, 2007.
4. ^{{Citation|title = Anacortes - The Perfect Port|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L1VuUDasQSI|date = 2011-04-22|accessdate = 2016-02-03|last = Southeast Seiners}}
5. ^{{Cite web|title = HistoryLink.org- the Free Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History|url = http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=9870|website = www.historylink.org|access-date = 2016-02-03}}
6. ^1 {{Cite web|title = Anacortes History Introduction|url = http://www.cityofanacortes.org/anacortes_history.php#.VrJ_eFMrKRs|website = www.cityofanacortes.org|access-date = 2016-02-03|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160704175111/http://www.cityofanacortes.org/anacortes_history.php#.VrJ_eFMrKRs|archive-date = 2016-07-04|dead-url = yes|df = }}
7. ^{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-12-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-01-24 |df= }}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?wa0176 |title=ANACORTES, WASHINGTON (450176) |accessdate=November 18, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }}
9. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2017.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=March 24, 2018}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=February 24, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df= }}
11. ^{{cite web|title=Population Estimates|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015-3.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=June 18, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019182931/https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015-3.html|archive-date=2016-10-19|dead-url=yes|df=}}
12. ^1 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-19}}
13. ^{{cite web | title =Climbing Area: Mount Erie | work =Climbing Area Information | publisher =Washington Climbers Coalition | url =http://www.washingtonclimbers.org/Climbing/erie.htm | accessdate =2007-11-01 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070223022917/http://www.washingtonclimbers.org/Climbing/erie.htm | archive-date =2007-02-23 | dead-url =yes | df = }}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.skagittourism.com/event_show.cfm?id=17|title=skagittourism.com|work=skagittourism.com|accessdate=3 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212010748/http://www.skagittourism.com/event_show.cfm?id=17|archive-date=2012-02-12|dead-url=yes|df=}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://lineout.thestranger.com/lineout/archives/2011/07/20/i-went-to-what-the-heck-fest-and-all-i-got-was-this-sort-of-enlightening-communal-experience-heavily-rooted-in-the-mysterious-geography-that-s|title=I Went to What the Heck Fest and All I Got Was This Sort of Enlightening Communal Experience Heavily Rooted in the Mysterious Geography That Surrounds Anacortes, WA|work=The Stranger}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/upcoming-mount/|title=upcoming Mount Eerie shows, What the Heck Fest in WA|publisher=}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1314&dat=20050527&id=s2hWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-_IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4481,6097041|title=The Spokesman-Review - Google News Archive Search|publisher=}}
18. ^{{Cite web |url=http://oysterrun.org/goskagit.com.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-12-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107005302/http://oysterrun.org/goskagit.com.pdf |archive-date=2009-01-07 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://about.me/mike|title=Michael Arrington - Anacortes, WA - about.me|author=Michael Arrington mike|work=about.me|accessdate=3 February 2016}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://uncrunched.com/2012/04/03/tess/|title=Tess|work=Uncrunched|accessdate=3 February 2016}}
21. ^{{citation|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/106987_mccool03.shtml|date=February 3, 2003|title=McCool's 'excitement was infectious' / Anacortes mourns shocking loss of generous, inspiring neighbor|publisher=Seattle P-I|accessdate=2011-02-19}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=Lowell A. Wakefield.|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Lowell+A.+Wakefield.-a08769927|website=Freelibrary|accessdate=24 March 2015}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/usa/WA |title=Online Directory: Washington, USA |publisher=Sister Cities International |accessdate=2008-10-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001202933/http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/USA/WA |archivedate=1 October 2008 |deadurl=yes }}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiamattersforamerica.org/japan/data/sister-cities-state|title=US-Japan Sister Cities by State|work=Asia Matters for America|publisher=East-West Center|accessdate=20 November 2015|location=Honolulu, HI}}

External links

{{Wikivoyage|Anacortes}}{{commons}}{{Americana Poster|Anacortes}}
  • Official City Government Website
  • Chamber of Commerce
  • Port of Anacortes
  • Anacortes Sister Cities Association
  • {{dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Washington/Localities/A/Anacortes}}
{{Skagit County, Washington}}{{Seattle Metro}}

6 : Anacortes, Washington|Cities in Washington (state)|Populated places established in 1891|Populated places on Puget Sound|1891 establishments in Washington (state)|Cities in Skagit County, Washington
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