| 词条 | March Fong Eu |
| 释义 |
| name = March Fong Eu | image = | caption = | order = 25th | office = Secretary of State of California | term_start =January 6, 1975 | term_end = May 17, 1994 | governor = {{nowrap|Jerry Brown {{small|(1975-1983)}} George Deukmejian {{small|(1983-1991)}} Pete Wilson {{small|(1991-1994)}}}} | predecessor = Jerry Brown | successor = Tony Miller | state_assembly2 = California | district2 = 15th | term_start2 = 1967 | term_end2 = 1974 | predecessor2 = Nicholas C. Petris | successor2 = S. Floyd Mori | birth_name = March Kong | birth_date = {{birth date|1922|3|29}} | birth_place = Oakdale, California, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|2017|12|21|1922|3|29}} | death_place = Irvine, California, U.S. | party = Democratic | spouse = Chester Fong (divorced) Henry Eu | children = 2, including Matt Fong | signature = | footnotes = | office1 = United States Ambassador to Micronesia | order1 = 2nd | predecessor1 = Aurelia E. Brazeal | successor1 = Cheryl Ann Martin | termstart = | termstart1 = May 18, 1994 | termend = | termend1 = July 5, 1996 | president1 = Bill Clinton }}{{infobox Chinese|c=余江月桂|j=Jyu4 Gong1 Jyut6 Gwai3|p=Yú Jiāng Yuèguì}} March Kong Fong Eu (March 29, 1922 – December 21, 2017) was an American politician. She was a member of the California State Assembly and went on to serve as Secretary of State of California. Early life and educationEu was born March Kong in Oakdale, California in the San Joaquin Valley, where her Chinese immigrant parents Yuen Kong and Shiu Shee ran a hand-wash laundry.[1][2] Her grandparents immigrated to the U.S. from Huaxian County (now Huadu District) in the South China province of Guangdong.[3][4][5] The family later moved to Richmond, California.[6][5] Eu earned a Bachelor of Science in dentistry from the University of California, Berkeley in 1943 and a Master of Arts from Mills College. She earned a Ed.D. from the Stanford Graduate School of Education in 1954.[2] CareerShe became a dental hygienist and served a term as president of the American Dental Hygienist Association. In the 1950s she served on the Alameda County School Board.[6] California AssemblyIn 1966 Eu was elected as a Democrat to the California State Assembly from the 15th District, representing Oakland and Castro Valley. She served four terms. She was the first Asian woman elected to a state legislature in the U.S. She is perhaps best known for her successful campaign to ban pay toilets, arguing that they discriminated against women since urinals were free.[10] California Secretary of StateEu was elected Secretary of State of California in 1974, becoming the first Asian American woman ever elected to a state constitutional office in the United States.[10] She remained the only woman to serve as California Secretary of State until 2006, when voters elected Debra Bowen. Eu was elected Secretary of State five times. In 1978 she won every county in the state, even heavily Republican Orange County, making her one of only five Democrats to win the county in a statewide race in the last half century. She resigned in 1994 when President Bill Clinton nominated her for an ambassadorship.[7] Innovations she introduced during her 20 years as Secretary of State included voter registration by mail; providing absentee ballots to anyone who requested them; posting results on the Internet; and including candidate statements in ballot pamphlets.[8] In 1976, she became the first woman to serve as Governor of California, serving as acting governor while Governor Jerry Brown was out of the state.[9] Other political activitiesIn 1987 Eu was a candidate for the Democratic nomination for the U.S. Senate, running against Leo McCarthy for the right to challenge the Republican incumbent, Pete Wilson. Amid poor fund-raising totals and her husband's unwillingness to release details of his business interests, Eu dropped out later that year.[10] President Bill Clinton appointed Eu as United States Ambassador to the Federated States of Micronesia in 1994. She served in that post until 1996.[11]In 2002 Eu, then age 79, ran again for Secretary of State, saying she was doing so because "Florida made me mad", referring to the voting problems in Florida during the United States presidential election, 2000.[12] She narrowly lost in the Democratic primary to Kevin Shelley, who went on to win the election. In 2003 she filed a statement of intention to run for governor of California in the gubernatorial recall election of Gray Davis, but later withdrew. Later life and familyEu resided both in California and Singapore with her second husband Henry Eu, a multimillionaire industrialist.[6] Her adopted son, Matt Fong, was a Republican activist who served as California State Treasurer for a four-year term that began January 1995.[13] She also had a daughter, Suyin. Her hobbies in retirement included Chinese brush painting and calligraphy.[8] Eu died on December 21, 2017, at age 95, following a fall.[6] RecognitionThe National Notary Association gives an annual March Fong Eu Award to "the individual who or organization that, in the judgment of the Association’s Executive Committee, has done the most to improve the standards, image and quality of the office of Notary Public." Eu was the first recipient of the award in 1979, named after her "for her extraordinary leadership in spearheading enactment of progressive Notary reform legislation, despite opposition from powerful lobbies who preferred lower notarial standards."[14] References1. ^https://oakland.chapelofthechimes.com/obits/march-fong-eu/ 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.sos.ca.gov/administration/news-releases-and-advisories/2017-news-releases-and-advisories/honorable-march-fong-eu-former-california-secretary-state-and-ambassador-federated-states-micronesia-dies/|title=The Honorable March Fong Eu, Former California Secretary of State and Ambassador to the Federated States of Micronesia, Dies|publisher=California Secretary of State|date=December 22, 2017|accessdate=March 27, 2019}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.apnews.com/2e9c56cae6b540849b0bea42704db63e|title=California political trailblazer March Fong Eu dies at 95|publisher=Associated Press|last=Har|first=Janie|accessdate=March 27, 2019|date=December 22, 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gzsdfz.org.cn/gzrw/ddmr/hqhr/201411/t20141114_15747.html|title=余江月桂|date=November 14, 2014|publisher=City of Guangzhou|language=Chinese|accessdate=March 27, 2019}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WwwY_eJnodgC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&dq=%22march+fong+eu%22+guangdong&source=bl&ots=z3FXNGlILw&sig=ACfU3U2Jz0M_ziYwavUDNiYigknz0WdsXA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiDvZChm6ThAhUQ2FQKHYaWAgMQ6AEwAXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22march%20fong%20eu%22%20guangdong&f=false|last=Tong|first=Benson|chapter=Eu, March Fong (née Kong) (1922- )|editor-last=Barkan|editor-first=Elliott Robert|title=Making it in America: A Sourcebook on Eminent Ethnic Americans|pages=118-119|place=Santa Barbara, California|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2001|isbn=1576070980}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-march-fong-eu-20171222-story.html|title=March Fong Eu, pioneering Asian American politician who was longtime California secretary of state, dies at 95|last=Luther|first=Claudia|date=December 22, 2017|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=6 January 2018}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-02-11/news/mn-21734_1_march-fong-eu|title=March Fong Eu Quits as Secretary of State|last=Gillam|first=Jerry|date=February 11, 1994|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=3 February 2016}} 8. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.ocregister.com/articles/mail-45569-election-results.html|title=O.C. resident March Fong Eu left legacy of change for elections|last=Giasone|first=Barbara|date=November 4, 2006|work=Orange County Register|accessdate=3 February 2016}} 9. ^http://m.huffpost.com/us/entry/5634411 10. ^{{cite news| url=http://articles.latimes.com/1987-10-29/news/mn-17495_1_senate-race | work=Los Angeles Times | title=Eu Drops Out of Senate Race | date=29 October 1987}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/eu-march-fong|title=Office of the Historian|work=U.S. Department of State|accessdate=3 February 2016}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Florida-Made-Her-Mad-At-79-March-Fong-Eu-wants-2942518.php|title=Florida Made Her Mad / At 79, March Fong Eu wants to run California elections again|last=Salladay|first=Robert|date=March 14, 2001|work=San Francisco Chronicle|accessdate=3 February 2016}} 13. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=March Fong Eu|url=http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0880736.html|work=infoplease.com|accessdate=3 April 2014}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalnotary.org/about-the-nna/award-programs|title=Award Programs|work=National Notary Association|accessdate=3 February 2016}} External links
| title=U.S. Ambassador to Micronesia | before=Aurelia Erskine Brazeal | after= Cheryl A. Martin | years= 1994-1996 }}{{s-end}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Eu, March Fong}} 20 : 1922 births|2017 deaths|Chinese-American diplomats|Secretaries of State of California|American politicians of Chinese descent|American women of Chinese descent in politics|Ambassadors of the United States to the Federated States of Micronesia|California Democrats|Members of the California State Assembly|Women state legislators in California|Mills College alumni|Stanford Graduate School of Education alumni|University of California, Berkeley alumni|People from Oakdale, California|20th-century American politicians|20th-century American women politicians|Deaths from falls|American women diplomats|Political figures of Richmond, California|American people of Cantonese descent |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。