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- Incumbents Crown Federal government Provincial governments Lieutenant governors Premiers Territorial governments Commissioners
- Events Full date unknown
- Arts and literature
- Births January to June July to December
- Deaths January to June July to December
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}{{Year box}}{{History of Canada}}Events from the year 1908 in Canada. Incumbents Crown - Head of state (monarch) – Edward VII
Federal government - Governor general – Albert Grey
- Prime minister – Wilfrid Laurier
- Chief Justice – Charles Fitzpatrick (Quebec)
- Parliament – 10th (until 17 September)
Provincial governments Lieutenant governors - Lieutenant Governor of Alberta – George Hedley Vicars Bulyea
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – James Dunsmuir
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Daniel Hunter McMillan
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Lemuel John Tweedie
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Duncan Cameron Fraser
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – William Mortimer Clark (until September 22) then John Morison Gibson
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Donald Alexander MacKinnon
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Louis-Amable Jetté (until September 15) then Charles Alphonse Pantaléon Pelletier
- Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan – Amédée Forget
Premiers - Premier of Alberta – Alexander Cameron Rutherford
- Premier of British Columbia – Richard McBride
- Premier of Manitoba – Rodmond Roblin
- Premier of New Brunswick – Clifford William Robinson (until March 24) then John Douglas Hazen
- Premier of Nova Scotia – George Henry Murray
- Premier of Ontario – James Whitney
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – Arthur Peters (until January 29) then Francis Haszard (from February 1)
- Premier of Quebec – Lomer Gouin
- Premier of Saskatchewan – Thomas Walter Scott
Territorial governmentsCommissioners- Commissioner of Yukon – Alexander Henderson
- Gold Commissioner of Yukon – F.X. Gosselin
- Commissioner of Northwest Territories – Frederick D. White
Events- January 2 – The Royal Canadian Mint opens.
- January 29 – Arthur Peters, Premier of Prince Edward Island, dies in office
- February 1 – F. L. Haszard becomes premier of Prince Edward Island.
- March 7 – The University of British Columbia is established by the British Columbia University Act.
- March 24 – Sir John Douglas Hazen becomes premier of New Brunswick, replacing Clifford Robinson.
- June 8 – In the Ontario election, Sir James Whitney's Conservatives win a second consecutive majority.
- June 12 – Saskatchewan Government Telephones created.
- August 2 – A fire in the Kootenay region kills 70.
- August 14 – In the Saskatchewan election, Walter Scott's Liberals win a second consecutive majority.
- September 23 – The University of Alberta opens.
- October 26 – In the federal election, Sir Wilfrid Laurier's Liberals win a fourth consecutive majority.
Full date unknown- Anne of Green Gables is first published, having a great effect on Prince Edward Island.
- The Opium and Narcotics Act is passed banning certain drugs in Canada.
- The Grain Growers Guide is first published.
- The Child Labour Act of Ontario is passed.{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}}
- Vancouver Courier first published.
Arts and literature- Lucy Maud Montgomery's Anne of Green Gables is published.
BirthsJanuary to June- January 1 – Clarence Dunlap, Chief of the Air Staff Royal Canadian Air Force (d. 2003)
- January 22 – Sinclair Ross, banker and author (d.1996)
- February 1 – Louis Rasminsky, third Governor of the Bank of Canada (d.1998)
- February 7 – Lela Brooks, speed skater (d.1990)
- February 10 – Jean Coulthard, composer and academic (d.2000)
- March 5 – Colin Emerson Bennett, politician and lawyer (d.1993)
- March 24 – Carl Klinck, literary historian and academic (d.1990)
- April 7 – Percy Faith, band-leader, orchestrator and composer (d.1976)
- May 19 – Percy Williams, athlete (d.1982)
- May 26 – James Sinclair, politician, businessman and father of Margaret Sinclair, one-time wife of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, and grandfather of Justin Trudeau (d.1984)
- May 28 – Léo Cadieux, politician (d.2005)
- June 5 – Maxwell Meighen, financier (d.1992)
- June 18 – Stanley Knowles, politician (d.1997)
July to December- July 11 – Yves Prévost, politician and lawyer (d.1997)
- September 20 – Ernest Manning, Premier of Alberta (d.1996)
- October 18 – Alfred Henry Bence, politician and barrister (d.1977)
- October 24 – John Tuzo Wilson, geophysicist and geologist (d.1993)
- November 3 – Bronko Nagurski, American football player (d.1990)
- November 10 – Charles Merritt, army officer and politician (d. 2000)
- December 6 – Nicholas Goldschmidt, conductor, administrator and artistic director (d.2004)
- December 13 – W. L. Morton, historian (d.1980)
- December 23 – Yousuf Karsh, photographer (d.2002)
DeathsJanuary to June- January 6 – George Dixon, first Canadian-born boxing champion (b.1870)
- January 13 – George Anthony Walkem, jurist and Premier of British Columbia (b.1834)
- January 29 – Arthur Peters, Premier of Prince Edward Island (b.1854)
- May 31 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, politician and writer (b.1839)
- June 14 – Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, Governor General of Canada] (b.1841)
- June 24 – William Whiteway, Premier of Newfoundland (b.1828)
July to December- August 18 – Alfred Boyd, 1st Premier of Manitoba (b.1835)
- September 7 – Joseph-Guillaume Bossé, politician and lawyer (b.1843)
- October 30 – Thomas Greenway, 7th Premier of Manitoba (b.1838)
- November 16 – Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière, 4th Premier of Quebec and Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia (b.1829)
- December 11 – Jean Blanchet, politician (b.1843)
- December 25 – William McGuigan, politician and 10th Mayor of Vancouver (b.1853)
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