“William Benjamin Smith”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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William Benjamin Smith

释义

Biography
Translator
Publications
See also
Footnotes
References
External links

{{Infobox person
| name = William Benjamin Smith
| image = William Benjamin Smith.png
|birth_date = October 26, 1850
|birth_place = Stanford, Kentucky
|death_date = August 6, 1934
|death_place = Columbia, Missouri
| occupation = Mathematician, writer}}William Benjamin Smith (October 26, 1850 – August 6, 1934) was a professor of mathematics at Tulane University, best known as a proponent of the Christ myth theory.^[1]^[2]

Biography

In a series of books, beginning with Ecce Deus: The Pre-Christian Jesus, published in 1894, and ending with The Birth of the Gospel, published posthumously in 1954, Smith argued that the earliest Christian sources, particularly the Pauline epistles, stress Christ's divinity at the expense of any human personality, and that this would have been implausible, if there had been a human Jesus. Smith therefore argued that Christianity's origins lay in a pre-Christian Jesus cult—that is, a Jewish sect had worshipped a divine being Jesus in the centuries before the human Jesus was supposedly born.^[3] Evidence for this cult was found in Hippolytus' mention of the Naassenes^[4] and Epiphanius' report of a Nasarene sect that existed before Christ, as well as passages in Acts.^[5] The seemingly historical details in the New Testament were built by the early Christian community around narratives of the pre-Christian Jesus.^[6]

Smith also argued against the historical value of non-Christian writers regarding Jesus, particularly Josephus and Tacitus.^[7]

Infamously, Smith was also a white supremacy advocate whose book The Colour Line: A Brief on Behalf of the Unborn (1905) argued for the racial inferiority of Negroes. He unsuccessfully challenged the studies of races by American anthropologist Franz Boas.^[8]

Translator

Upon his death in 1934, Smith left a partial translation of Homer's Iliad. This work was completed by his old Tulane colleague Walter Miller and when published in 1944 was the first English translation in the original dactylic hexameter.^[9]

Publications

Books

[https://archive.org/details/elementarycoordi00smit Elementary Co-Ordinate Geometry for Collegiate Use and Private Study] (Boston: Ginn & Company, 1886)
[https://archive.org/details/jamessidneyrolli00smit James Sidney Rollins: Memoir] (New York: De Vinne Press, 1891)
[https://archive.org/details/pointraycircle00smitrich Introductory Modern Geometry of Point, Ray, and Circle] (New York: Macmillan & Co, 1893)
[https://archive.org/details/colorlinethe00smitrich Colour Line: A Brief on Behalf of the Unborn] (New York: McClure, Phillips & Company, 1905)
Der Vorchristliche Jesus (Giessen: Töpelmann, 1906) [with an introduction by Paul Wilhelm Schmiedel]
[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001925504 The Silence of Josephus & Tacitus] (Chicago: Open Court Publishing Company, 1910)
[https://archive.org/details/eccedeusstudieso00smitrich Ecce Deus: Studies of Primitive Christianity] (Open Court Publishing Company, 1913)
[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001411012 The Birth of the Gospel: A Study of the Origin and Purport of the Primitive Allegory of the Jesus] (1957) [edited by Addison Gulick]

Papers

Smith, William Benjamin. (1903). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3154234 The Pauline Manuscripts F and G. A Text-Critical Study]. The American Journal of Theology 7 (3): 452-485.
Smith, William Benjamin. (1911). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3155256 The Pre-Christian Jesus]. The American Journal of Theology 15 (2): 259-265.
Smith, William Benjamin. (1914). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27900511 Latest Lights and Shadows on the Jesus Question]. The Monist 24 (4): 618-634.
Smith, William Benjamin. (1919). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/27900723 What Remaineth?] The Monist 29 (1): 1-31.

Footnotes

1. ^Kayser (1947) 189-190.
2. ^Van Voorst, Robert E. (2000). Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence . Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans. p. 12. {{ISBN|0-8028-4368-9}} "On the American scene, William Benjamin Smith (1850-1934), a mathematics professor in Tulane University, was the most notable advocate of the nonhistoricity of Jesus."
3. ^Case (1911) 627.
4. ^Hippolytus Philosophumena 5.10.
5. ^Schweitzer (2000) 375.
6. ^Schweitzer (2000) 378.
7. ^Van Voorst (2000) 12.
8. ^Baker (2004).
9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,883931,00.html | work=Time | title=Books: First Great War Book | date=1944-12-11}}

References

{{cite journal | last = Baker | first = Lee D. | authorlink = Lee D. Baker | coauthors = | title = Franz Boas Out of the Ivory Tower | journal = Anthropological Theory | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 20–42 | publisher = | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1177/1463499604040846}}
{{cite journal | last = Case | first = Shirley Jackson | authorlink = Shirley Jackson Case | coauthors = | title = The Historicity of Jesus an Estimate of the Negative Argument | journal = The American Journal of Theology | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 20–42 | publisher = | year = 1911 | jstor = 3155273 | doi = 10.1086/478974}}
{{cite book |last=Keyser |first=Cassius Jackson |authorlink= Cassius Jackson Keyser |year= 1947 |title= Mathematics as a Culture Clue, and Other Essays |url= https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4246837;view=1up;seq=207 |publisher= Scripta Mathematica |location= New York}}
{{cite book |last=Schweitzer |first=Albert |authorlink=Albert Schweitzer |others=edited by John Bowden |origyear=1913 |year=2000 |title=The Quest of the Historical Jesus |edition=first complete |publisher=SCM |location=London |isbn=0-334-02791-8 }}
{{cite book |last=Van Voorst |first=Robert E. |authorlink=Robert E. Van Voorst |year=2000 |title=Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence |publisher=Eerdmans |location=Grand Rapids, MI |isbn=0-8028-4368-9 }}

External links

{{Gutenberg author | id=Smith,+William+Benjamin }}
{{Internet Archive author |sname=William Benjamin Smith |sopt=tight}}
{{Librivox author |id=11316}}

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