| 词条 | NYC Health + Hospitals |
| 释义 |
| name = NYC Health + Hospitals | native_name = | native_name_a = | native_name_r = | type = Not-for-profit | seal = | seal_width = | seal_caption = | logo = NYC Health + Hospitals Logo.png | logo_width = 200px | logo_caption = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | formed = {{Start date and age|1969}}[1] | preceding1 = | dissolved = | superseding1 = | jurisdiction = New York City | headquarters = 125 Worth Street, New York, NY | coordinates = | motto = | employees = | budget = | chief1_name = Dr. Mitchell Katz | chief1_position = President & CEO[1] | chief2_name = | chief2_position = | chief3_name = Gordon Campbell | chief3_position = Acting Chair[1] | chief4_name = | chief4_position = | parent_department = | parent_agency = | child1_agency = | keydocument1 = [https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/HHC New York City Health And Hospitals Corporation Act] | website = {{URL|nychealthandhospitals.org}} | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | footnotes = | embed = }}NYC Health + Hospitals, officially the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC), operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City. A public benefit corporation with $6.7 billion in annual revenues, HHC is the largest municipal healthcare system in the United States serving 1.4 million patients, including more than 475,000 uninsured city residents,[2] providing services interpreted in more than 190 languages.[3] HHC was created in 1969 by the New York State Legislature as a public benefit corporation (Chapter 1016 of the Laws 1969).[4][5] It is similar to a municipal agency, but has a board of directors. It operates 11 acute care hospitals, five nursing homes, six diagnostic and treatment centers, and more than 70 community-based primary care sites, serving primarily the poor and working class. HHC's own MetroPlus Health Plan is one of the New York area's largest providers of government-sponsored health insurance and is the plan of choice for nearly half a million New Yorkers. [6] The organization is headquartered at 125 Worth Street in Manhattan.[7] Each year HHC's facilities provide about 225,000 inpatient admissions, one million emergency department visits and five million clinic visits to New Yorkers. HHC facilities treat nearly one-fifth of all general hospital discharges and more than one third of emergency department and hospital-based clinic visits in New York City.[8] The most well known hospital in the HHC system is Bellevue Hospital - the oldest public hospital in the United States. Bellevue is the designated hospital for treatment of the President of the United States and other world leaders if they become ill or injured while in New York City.[9] The current president and CEO of NYC Health + Hospitals is Dr. Mitchell Katz. The organization underwent a rebranding initiative in November 2015, shortening its name from 40 characters to 19 characters, as "NYC Health + Hospitals".[10] HistoryIn 1736, HHC's oldest hospital, Bellevue Hospital was founded as an infirmary for smallpox and other contagious diseases on the top floor of a public workhouse and jail. Bellevue Hospital was formally named in 1825. At the turn of the 20th century, Bellevue's medical college merged with University Medical College into what would later become the New York University College of Medicine. In 1920, Bellevue founded the Children's Psychiatric Service, the first program in the United States devoted to the study of child autism and training child psychiatrists. Bellevue continues to provide through this day comprehensive pediatric services and renowned psychiatric services, as well as highly regarded emergency and trauma services. Bellevue remains the principal teaching hospital for its affiliated New York University School of Medicine. HHC's other hospitals were founded in the late 19th century and early-to-mid-20th century.[8] In 1965, Medicare and Medicaid were created and quickly accounted for 86 percent of the income received by the municipal hospital system. Patients with private insurance opted to use private hospitals and Medicaid raised its eligibility. As a consequence, New York City hospitals saw patient numbers and funding decline precipitously. According to a 1967 study just two years later, the conditions and quality of care at public hospitals in New York City were deplorable.[9] In 1969, New York City created HHC to replace its Department of Hospitals operating city hospitals and other health care facilities. HHC was formed as a quasi public agency to enable it to benefit from private revenues and funding. HCC's fiscal condition nevertheless has varied periodically since its formation, and it has gone through periods of instability.[8] HeadquartersThe 125 Worth Street Headquarters of the HHC and the New York City Department of Health was built between 1932-35. Along the top of the building there are 29 last names of pioneers in various fields of medical science and patient care. They are:
FacilitiesNYC Health + Hospitals operates 11 hospitals across the city:[11]
Community, diagnostic & treatment, and long-term care centers:
AccoladesAwards and grantsHHC has won a number of awards and grants in recent years for its quality of care and innovative community-based programs. In 2006, a study by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) ranked quality of care at HHC among the highest in New York City in the areas of heart attack, heart failure and pneumonia.[12] HHC reported that of the 50 hospitals in New York City that voluntarily submitted quality data to CMS, HHC hospitals held seven of the top nine places – and all ranked in the top 17—when judged by 10 specific measures of healthcare quality for the treatment of patients with life-threatening heart and pulmonary conditions, and that Brooklyn's Coney Island Hospital achieved a first place ranking among all New York City hospitals, public or private.[12] On September 30, 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) awarded HHC a $10 million grant to be administered by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The grant, which will provide up to $30 million over three years, is to provide health services to non-responder populations in New York City affected by the World Trade Center attack.[13] Under the grant, HHC will provide medical examinations, diagnostic testing, referral and treatment for residents, students, and others in the community that were directly affected by the dust and debris from the collapse of the World Trade Center buildings on Sept. 11, 2001. Other recent grants to HHC include to expand access to neonatal care and to improve health literacy among low literacy patients.[14][15] HHC has won several other prestigious awards in recent years.{{clear}} {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
Leading medical information technology systemsIn recent years, HHC has received recognition for its advanced clinical information system which includes a comprehensive electronic health record (also known as an electronic medical record). HHC public hospitals have won the Nicholas E. Davies award for the use of clinical information technology.[17] HHC President Alan Aviles received the CEO IT Achievement Award from the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society and Modern Healthcare Magazine for leading use of information technology to advance healthcare excellence.[18] And HHC's North Bronx Healthcare Network was awarded Hospitals and Health Networks' Most Wired Award four consecutive years for its use of information technology in safety, quality, customer service, business processes and workforce training.[16] ControversiesLawsuit and allegations of abuse and neglect at HHC unitConditions at the psychiatric unit of the Kings County Hospital Center in Brooklyn, one of 11 HHC hospitals, remain the subject of a lawsuit and scrutiny by the press. In May 2007, the New York State Mental Hygiene Legal Service, the New York Civil Liberties Union, and Kirkland & Ellis, a private law firm, filed a lawsuit against Kings County Hospital. The plaintiffs charged that its psychiatric unit was "a chamber of filth, decay, indifference and danger."[19] The May 2007 lawsuit alleged that patients at the Kings County Hospital "are subjected to overcrowded and squalid conditions often accompanied by physical abuse and unnecessary and punitive injections of mind-altering drugs."[20] In December 2007, the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York began a separate investigation.[19] In June 2008, the plaintiffs in the May 2007 lawsuit released a video of Esmin Green, a 49-year-old patient, dying on the floor of a waiting room in King County Hospital after waiting to be seen by at the psychiatric emergency department for more than 24 hours.[21] Shortly after the release of the video, which was highly publicized, HHC officials agreed in court to implement emergency reforms. Alan Aviles, HHC president, released a statement that he was shocked and distressed by the situation and promised a thorough investigation.[22] Six HHC employees were fired and reforms were implemented.[23] The particular conditions at Kings County Hospital appear to be largely limited to that unit. As part of a broader transparency initiative, HHC voluntarily reported health and safety data for 2008, showing significant declines in infection and mortality rates across its participating hospitals on its HHC Web Site.[24] Procedures across HHC hospitals and centers, however, are largely unstandardized and conditions vary widely. On February 5, 2009, the plaintiffs in the May 2007 lawsuit issued a joint statement acknowledging that reforms had been implemented but stating that further reforms are needed. Plaintiffs stated:
Bloomberg has stressed the need for, and improvements in, accountability and transparency at HHC, stating in March 2009, “New York City's public hospitals are also national leaders in reporting on patient safety, including the rate of infections acquired during hospital stays – a very troubling problem nationwide. Our taxpayers deserve to know that. That's what accountability is about – and we need to make accountability the norm throughout the country, in big cities and small towns."[25] 2009 state funding cutIn March 2009, HHC announced spending reductions of $105 million and said that it would eliminate 400 jobs because of Medicaid cuts, rising expenses and a growing number of uninsured patients. Alan Aviles, HHC President, said regarding the cuts, "We can try and ensure that patients who are adversely affected can be linked to alternative care. That, of course, will become more and more difficult as we have to dig deeper and deeper."[26] Local DC 37, a union representing some of HHC's 30,000 workers, announced:
Cutbacks will include four school-based health programs, three community clinics, two mental health day treatment programs, and the consolidation of three other hospital-based programs. At the time of the March 2009 announcement, Aviles said these cuts address a fraction of the problem and pointed to additional reductions in the future.[26] In early April, Aviles circulated a letter to HHC's employees and its community advisory board stating that due to decisions by Governor Paterson the cuts would be significantly deeper than those reported in March.[27]The effect of the initial and additional funding cutbacks on the ability of HHC to deliver effective community care is unclear. The process by which the cuts were decided upon by Governor Paterson has not yet been reported. It is unclear whether the cutbacks will impact the efficacy in New York City of President Barack Obama's initiative to expand affordable access to healthcare, or how the cuts will affect New York City's ability to offer HHC's industry leading electronic health record system as a model for integrating modern information technology into the healthcare delivery system at the national level. See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/leadership/ |title=NYC Health + Hospitals Board of Directors |publisher=NYC Health + Hospitals |date=2015 |accessdate=December 15, 2015}} 2. ^HHC Website 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/2014-hhc-report-to-the-community.pdf |title=2014 HHC Report to the Community |publisher=New York City Health + Hospitals |accessdate=March 12, 2017}} 4. ^1 "The History of New York City's Municipal Hospitals," HHC Foundation Web Site {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222173536/http://www.thehhcfoundation.org/history.html |date=2012-02-22 }} 5. ^Answers.com, New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation 6. ^Metroplus 7. ^"Contact Us." NYC Health + Hospitals. Retrieved on September 16, 2017. "NYC Health + Hospitals 125 Worth St. New York, NY 10013" 8. ^1 2 HHC, Answers.com 9. ^1 Funding Universe Web Site 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/hhc/html/news/press-release-20151109-NYC-public-health-care-system-rebrands-to-unify-patient-care-locations.shtml?hero=HHC1 |title=New York City's Public Health Care System Rebrands to Unify 70+ Patient Care Locations |publisher=NYC Health + Hospitals |date=November 9, 2015 |accessdate=December 15, 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/hhc/html/about/About-HospServices-HHC-Facility-List-Hospitals.shtml |title=Healthcare Locations |publisher=NYC Health + Hospitals |date=2015 |accessdate=December 15, 2015}} 12. ^1 HHC Foundation Web Site {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222173536/http://www.thehhcfoundation.org/history.html |date=2012-02-22 }} 13. ^[https://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/2008/r080930.htm Press Release, "CDC Awards $10 million to New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation to provide Health Services to Residents, Other Community Members Affected by 9/11 Attack," September 30, 2008] 14. ^HHC Press Release 15. ^HHC Press Release 16. ^1 HHC Web Site 17. ^Douglas McCarthy, M.B.A., and Kimberly Mueller, M.S., "The New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation: Transforming a Public Safety Net Delivery System to Achieve Higher Performance," Fund Report from Commonwealth Fund, October 17, 2008 18. ^Cinda Becker, "CEO IT Achievement Award: Alan Aviles raises the bar," Healthcare Business News, June 26, 2007 19. ^1 2 NYCLU Web Site 20. ^Complaint 21. ^AP, "Esmin Green, who died on Brooklyn hospital floor, perished from sitting," July 11, 2008 22. ^Chicago Tribune, "Esmin Green's death: the hospital chief responds," July 2, 2008 23. ^Chicago Tribune, "Esmin Green's death: the hospital chief responds," July 2, 2008 24. ^Julia Kantor, Epoch Times, "Bloomberg Urges Support for Obama's Health Care Reform," April 2, 2009 25. ^York City Press Release, dated March 31, 2009 26. ^1 2 NY1, "City's Public Health System To Cut 400 Jobs," March 19, 2009 27. ^Melanie Evans, Modern Healthcare, "N.Y.C. health system faces even deeper cuts," April 10, 2009 External links{{commonscat|New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation}}
3 : New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation|1969 establishments in New York (state)|Health care companies established in 1969 |
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