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词条 1935 United Kingdom general election
释义

  1. Results

     Votes summary  Seats summary 

  2. Transfers of seats

  3. Constituency results

  4. See also

  5. Notes

  6. References

  7. Further reading

  8. Manifestos

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}{{Use British English|date=May 2014}}{{Infobox Election
| election_name = 1935 United Kingdom general election
| country = United Kingdom
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1931 United Kingdom general election
| previous_year = 1931
| outgoing_members = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1931
| next_election = 1945 United Kingdom general election
| next_year = 1945
| elected_members = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1935
| seats_for_election = All 615 seats in the House of Commons | majority_seats = 308
| elected_mps = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1935
| election_date = 14 November 1935
| turnout = 71.1%, {{decrease}}5.3%
| image1 =
| leader1 = Stanley Baldwin
| leader_since1 = 23 May 1923
| party1 = Conservative Party (UK)
| leaders_seat1 = Bewdley
| last_election1 = 473 seats, 55%
| seats1 = 386
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}}83
| popular_vote1 = 10,025,083
| percentage1 = 47.8%
| swing1 = {{decrease}}7.2%
| image2 =
| leader2 = Clement Attlee
| leader_since2 = 25 October 1935
| party2 = Labour Party (UK)
| leaders_seat2 = Limehouse
| last_election2 = 52 seats, 30.8%
| seats2 = 154
| seat_change2 = {{increase}}102
| popular_vote2 = 7,984,988
| percentage2 = 38.0%
| swing2 = {{increase}}7.4%
| image3 =
| leader3 = John Simon
| leader_since3 = 5 October 1931
| party3 = National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)
| leaders_seat3 = Spen Valley
| last_election3 = 35 seats, 3.7%
| seats3 = 33
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}}2
| popular_vote3 = 784,608
| percentage3 = 3.7%
| swing3 = {{steady}}
| image4 =
| leader4 = Herbert Samuel
| leader_since4 = 1931
| party4 = Liberal Party (UK)
| leaders_seat4 = Darwen (defeated)
| last_election4 = 33 seats, 6.5%
| seats4 = 21
| seat_change4 = {{decrease}}12
| popular_vote4 = 1,414,010
| percentage4 = 6.7%
| swing4 = {{increase}}0.2%
| image5 =
| leader5 = Ramsay MacDonald
| leader_since5 = 24 August 1931
| party5 = National Labour Organisation
| leaders_seat5 = Seaham (defeated)
| last_election5 = 13 seats, 1.5%
| seats5 = 8
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}}5
| popular_vote5 = 321,028
| percentage5 = 1.5%
| swing5 = {{steady}}
| image6 =
| leader6 = James Maxton
| leader_since6 = 1934
| party6 = Independent Labour Party
| leaders_seat6 = Glasgow Bridgeton
| last_election6 = Part of Labour
| seats6 = 4
| seat_change6 = {{increase}}4
| popular_vote6 = 136,208
| percentage6 = 0.7%
| swing6 = New party
| map_image = 1935 UK General Election Results.png
| map_size = 340px
| map_caption = Colours denote the winning party—as shown in {{slink||Results}}
| title = Prime Minister
| posttitle = Appointed Prime Minister
| before_election = Stanley Baldwin
| before_party = National Government (UK)
| after_election = Stanley Baldwin
| after_party = National Government (UK)
}}

The 1935 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 14 November 1935 and resulted in a large, albeit reduced, majority for the National Government now led by Stanley Baldwin of the Conservative Party. The greatest number of members, as before, were Conservatives, while the National Liberal vote held steady. The National Labour vote also held steady, but the resurgence in the main Labour vote caused over a third of their MPs, including party leader Ramsay MacDonald, to lose their seats.

Labour, under what was then regarded internally as the caretaker leadership of Clement Attlee following the resignation of George Lansbury slightly over a month before the election, made large gains over their very poor showing at the 1931 general election, and registered their highest-ever share of the vote up until this point. The party made a net gain of more than one-hundred seats, thus reversing much of the ground that it had lost in 1931. The Liberals continued their slow political collapse and lost further ground, with their leader, Sir Herbert Samuel, losing his own seat.

The Independent Labour Party stood entirely separately from Labour for the first time since 1895, having stood candidates unendorsed by Labour at the 1931 general election and having disaffiliated fully from Labour in 1932. The Scottish National Party contested their first general election, and the Communist Party gained the West Fife seat, their first in ten years.

The major election issues were the continuing unemployment problems and the role of the League of Nations, particularly as regarding the Empire of Japan.

No general elections were held during the Second World War until Allied victory was assured; hence the 1935 House sat until 1945. As a result, this Parliament would see two leadership changes. Neville Chamberlain took over from Baldwin as Prime Minister and Leader of the Conservative Party in 1937. Chamberlain in turn resigned in 1940, when the office of Prime Minister passed to Winston Churchill, who linked the three main parties in the House of Commons in an all-party unity government for the duration of the war.

{{UK general election navigation|clear=none|1929|1931|1935|1945|1950}}

Results

↓{{fsp}}
387154332120
ConservativeLabour LN Lib O
{{Election Summary Begin with Leaders| title = UK General Election 1935}}
|colspan=12 bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align="center"|National Government
|-{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|leader = Stanley Baldwin
|candidates = 515
|seats = 387
|gain = 5
|loss = 88
|net = −83
|votes = 10,025,083
|votes % = 47.8
|seats % = 62.9
|plus/minus = −7.2
|government =
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)
|leader = John Simon
|candidates = 44
|seats = 33
|gain = 5
|loss = 7
|net = −2
|votes = 784,608
|votes % = 3.7
|seats % = 5.4
|plus/minus = 0.0
|government =
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = National Labour Organisation
|leader = Ramsay MacDonald
|candidates = 20
|seats = 8
|gain = 1
|loss = 6
|net = −5
|votes = 321,028
|votes % = 1.5
|seats % = 1.3
|plus/minus = 0.0
|government =
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = UK National Government
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 4
|seats = 1
|gain = 1
|loss = 4
|net = −3
|votes = 53,189
|votes % = 0.3
|seats % = 0.2
|plus/minus = −0.2
|government =
}}
|-
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#000000 align="left"|
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="left"| National Government (total)
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| Stanley Baldwin
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 583
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 429
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 12
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 139
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| −125
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 69.8
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 51.8
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"| 11,183,908
|colspan=1 bgcolor=#efefef align="right"|−15.4
|-
|colspan=12 bgcolor=#E0E0E0 align="center"|Opposition
|-{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|leader = Clement Attlee
|candidates = 552
|seats = 154
|gain = 105
|loss = 3
|net = +102
|votes = 7,984,988
|votes % = 38.0
|seats % = 25.0
|plus/minus = +7.4
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|leader = Herbert Samuel
|candidates = 161
|seats = 21
|gain = 3
|loss = 18
|net = −11
|votes = 1,414,010
|votes % = 6.7
|seats % = 3.4
|plus/minus = −0.3
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Labour Party
|leader = James Maxton
|candidates = 17
|seats = 4
|gain = 4
|loss = 0
|net = +4
|votes = 136,208
|votes % = 0.7
|seats % = 0.7
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)
|leader = Thomas J. Campbell
|candidates = 2
|seats = 2
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 50,747
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % = 0.3
|plus/minus = −0.1
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Republican (Ireland)
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 3
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 46,715
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent National
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 2
|seats = 2
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 33,527
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % = 0.3
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Scottish National Party
|leader = Alexander MacEwen
|candidates = 8
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 29,517
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Conservative
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 3
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 29,475
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Communist Party of Great Britain
|leader = Harry Pollitt
|candidates = 2
|seats = 1
|gain = 1
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 27,177
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % = 0.2
|plus/minus = −0.2
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent (politician)
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 5
|seats = 2
|gain = 1
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes =
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % = 0.3
|plus/minus = +0.1
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Labour
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 14,867
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary with Leaders|
|party = Liverpool Protestant
|leader = Harry Longbottom
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 6,677
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Progressive
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 6,421
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Social Credit Party of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|leader = John Hargrave
|candidates = 3
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 10,376
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Plaid Cymru
|leader = Saunders Lewis
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 2,534
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Liberal
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 2,525
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary with Leaders|
|party = Agriculturalist
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 1,771
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary with Leaders|
|party = Christian Socialist
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 1,480
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % = 0.0
|plus/minus = N/A
}}
|}{{Hatnote|Total votes cast: 20,991,488. Turnout: 71.1%.[1]{{efn|All parties shown. Conservatives include the Ulster and Scottish Unionists.}}
}}

Votes summary

{{bar box
|title=Popular vote
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=370px
|bars={{bar percent|National Government|{{UK National Government/meta/color}}|53.3}}{{bar percent|Conservative|{{Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color}}|47.8}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{Labour Party (UK)/meta/color}}|38}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color}}|6.7}}{{bar percent|Liberal National|{{National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)/meta/color}}|3.7}}{{bar percent|National Labour|{{National Labour Organisation/meta/color}}|1.5}}{{bar percent|Independent Labour|{{Independent Labour Party/meta/color}}|0.7}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|1.3}}{{bar pixel||white|370|| }}
}}

Seats summary

{{bar box
|title=Parliamentary seats
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=370px
|bars={{bar percent|National Government|{{UK National Government/meta/color}}|69.9}}{{bar percent|Conservative|{{Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color}}|62.8}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{Labour Party (UK)/meta/color}}|25}}{{bar percent|Liberal National|{{National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)/meta/color}}|5.4}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color}}|3.4}}{{bar percent|National Labour|{{National Labour Organisation/meta/color}}|1.3}}{{bar percent|Independent Labour|{{Independent Labour Party/meta/color}}|0.7}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|1}}{{bar pixel||white|370|| }}
}}

Transfers of seats

  • All comparisons are with the 1931 election.
    • In some cases the change is due to the MP defecting to the gaining party. Such circumstances are marked with a .
    • In other circumstances the change is due to the seat having been won by the gaining party in a by-election in the intervening years, and then retained in 1935. Such circumstances are marked with a †.
{{Party name with colour|Communist Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Independent Labour}}{{Party name with colour|National Labour Organisation}}{{Party name with colour|National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)}}{{Party name with colour|UK National Government}} Independent{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|National Labour Organisation}}{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|UK National Government}} Independent{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)}}
ToFromNo.Seats
{{Party shortname|Conservative Party (UK)}}1Fife West
1Camlachie
{{Party shortname|Labour Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}11Edinburgh East, South Shields, Durham, Bethnal Green North-East†, Lambeth North†, Whitechapel and St Georges, Middlesbrough East, Dewsbury, Colne Valley, Wrexham, Carmarthen
6Ilkeston, Seaham, Forest of Dean, Finsbury, Tottenham South, Bassetlaw
7Western Isles, Dunfermline Burghs, Bishop Auckland, Consett, Shoreditch, Barnsley, Burnley
2Southwark Central, Burslem1
79Aberdeen North, Stirling and Falkirk, Clackmannan and Eastern Stirlingshire, Stirlingshire West, Kirkcaldy Burghs, Maryhill, Motherwell, Bothwell, Coatbridge, Springburn, Tradeston, Ayrshire South, Linlithgow, Whitehaven, Derbyshire North East, Chesterfield, Blaydon, Houghton-le-Spring, Jarrow, Barnard Castle, Sedgefield, East Ham S, Leyton West, Romford, Upton†, Bristol South, Hull Central, Hull East, Ashton-under-Lyne, Farnworth, Ardwick, Clayton, Gorton, Platting, Rochdale, Everton, West Toxteth, Newton, St Helens, Brigg, Battersea North, Camberwell North, Deptford, Hackney Central , Hackney South, Hammersmith North†, Islington South, Islington West, Rotherhithe, Southwark South East, Mile End, Willesden West, Edmonton, Tottenham North, Morpeth, Nottingham West, Cannock, Hanley, Kingswinford, Leek, Stoke, Wednesbury†, West Bromwich, Nuneaton, Shipley, Wakefield†, Sheffield Park, Rotherham†, Bradford Central, Keighley, Pontefract, Hillsborough, Attercliffe, Brightside, Penistone, Leeds South, Doncaster, Batley and Morley, Nelson and Colne
Labour gains:105
3Cumberland North, Barnstaple, Berwick-upon-Tweed
{{Party shortname|Liberal Party (UK)}}1Leicester West
{{Party shortname|National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)}}1Walsall*
2Sunderland (one of two), Oldham (one of two)
National Liberal gains:3
1Brecon and Radnor
{{Party shortname|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}4Orkney and Shetland, Banff, Bodmin, Darwen
1Flintshire2
Conservative gains:5
{{refbegin}}

1 Sitting MP had defected to National Liberals

2 Sitting MP had defected to Liberals

{{refend}}

Constituency results

These are available on the Political Science Resources Elections Database, a link to which is given below.

See also

  • MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1935

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^{{Citation|last=Tetteh|first=Edmund|title=Election Statistics: UK 1918–2007|url=http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/RP08-12 |date=1 February 2008 |website=parliament.uk |accessdate=5 May 2018}}

Further reading

  • {{citation |authorlink=F. W. S. Craig |first=F. W. S. |last=Craig |title=British Electoral Facts: 1832–1987 |year=1989 |location=Dartmouth |publisher=Gower |isbn=0900178302 }}
  • {{citation |last=Fry |first=Geoffrey K. |title=A Reconsideration of the British General Election of 1935 and the Electoral Revolution of 1945 |journal=History |year=1991 |volume=76 |number=246 |pp=43–55}}
  • {{citation |last=Stannage |first=Tom |authorlink=Tom Stannage |title=Baldwin Thwarts the Opposition: The British General Election of 1935 |year=1980}}{{publisher missing}}

Manifestos

  • 1935 Conservative manifesto
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20031204211301/http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1935/1935-labour-manifesto.shtml 1935 Labour manifesto]
  • 1935 Liberal manifesto
{{British elections}}

4 : 1935 United Kingdom general election|General elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom|1935 elections in the United Kingdom|November 1935 events
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