| 词条 | Ali Mirdrekvandi |
| 释义 |
|name = Ali Mirdrekvandi Dinani {{lang|fa|علی میردریکوندی}} |image = |caption = Dutton edition's cover of No Heaven for Gunga Din |birth_date = |birth_place = Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran |death_date = |death_place = |occupation = Writer |period = |movement = |notableworks = No Heaven for Gunga Din |awards = |influences = |website = }} Ali Mirdrekvandi[1] (Also called Gunga Din"[2]), ({{lang-fa|علی میردریکوندی}}) is the author of No Heaven for Gunga Din, a fable, and Irradiant, a popular epic, both written in broken English in the mid-20th century.[3] Life and worksRelatively little is known about Mirdrekvandi, except that he was a poorly educated native of Lorestan who managed to teach himself enough English to write and publish his work.[3] Mirdrekvandi wrote The British and American Officer's Book while working at the officer's mess in Tehran during World War II, which was given to his mentor Hemming (then a British officer).[4] Hemming's last contact with Mirdrekvandi was in 1949. At the time of publication the author's history and current circumstances were unknown.[5] Some sources have asserted that Mirdrekvandi was fictional, and that the story was actually written by Hemming or Zaehner.[6] On publication of the book in 1965 the Iranian press conducted a public search for Mirdrekvandi, characterized as a "missing millionaire".[7] His brother, a former classmate, and others who recalled him were found, they provided additional information that was he born some time in 1916–1918 in a village in Lorestan Province in western Iran.[8] According to one source,[9] he was raised by his grandfather after his parents were "taken away by soldiers" and never heard of again. This would have been around the time the Pahlavi dynasty crushed a rebellion by the nomadic Lurs of Lorestan. Young Ali's talents were noted and he was sent to a school for sons of tribal leaders to, "not to learn banditry and robbery."[10] He reportedly left school after a dispute with the son of the school director, and was working for a railway when British and Soviet forces entered Iran at the beginning of World War II. It was later discovered that Derikvandi had been living in impoverished circumstances in the town of Borujerd, where he was notable for reading many English language books. He is reported as having died on November 26, 1964, just prior to the publication of his book.[11] Notes1. ^"Mirdrekvandi" is the publisher's spelling, corresponding to Ali's own spelling in manuscript ({{Harvnb|Motamedi-Fraser|2013|p=3}}). {{Harvtxt|Zaehner|1965}} and {{Harvtxt|Motamedi-Fraser|2013}} use "Mirdrakvandi". The English sub-titles in the documentary {{Harv|Nematpour|2013}} show several variations ("Ali Mirderikvandi", "Mir Derkvandi"), but says "Ali Derikvandi" is his real name. The documentary also shows an envelope with the author's own spelling: "Mir Drekvandi-Ali". It appears that "Mir" is actually a title, equivalent to "Mr." in English, "Drekvandi" (or "Derikvandi") means "from the Derikvand tribe", with "Ali" being his personal name. 2. ^From the book (p. 7) hereafter cited as "NHfGD". "Gunga Din" is from the name of the Indian water-carrier portrayed in the poem of the same name by Rudyard Kipling. Poem and book have a common theme regarding the treatment of native servants by colonial military officers. 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=MIRDREKVANDI, ʿALI|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mirdrekvandi|website=Encyclopædia Iranica|publisher=Iranica|accessdate=9 January 2018}} 4. ^{{Harvnb|NHfGD|pp=19–20}}. 5. ^{{Harvnb|NHfGD|p=8}}. 6. ^{{Harvnb|Motamedi-Fraser|2013|pp=10–11}}. Zaehner is said to have been involved in the 1953 coup against Mohammad Mossadegh by the British and American governments. {{Harvnb|Motamedi-Fraser|2013|p=14}}. 7. ^{{Harvnb|Nematpour|2013}}. The actual book royalties being held for him came to {{GBP|2,248|link=yes}}, less costs. 8. ^{{Harvnb|Nematpour|2013}}. 9. ^Phillip Kreyenbroek, in {{Harvnb|Zaehner|1992|p=65}}. 10. ^{{Harvnb|Nematpour|2013}}. 11. ^{{Harvnb|Nematpour|2013}}. Sources{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}{{refbegin}}
|ref= CITEREFNHfGD |first1= Ali |last1= Mirdrekvandi |date= 1965 |title= No Heaven for Gunga Din |publisher= E. P. Dutton & Company |isbn= |lccn= 65023748 }} Edited and introduction by John Hemming, foreword by Professor R. C. Zaehner.
|ref=harv |first1= Mariam |last1= Motamedi-Fraser |date= November 2013 |title= Locating the Archive: The Search for 'Nurafkan' |publisher= Ibraaz |url= http://www.ibraaz.org/essays/76 }}
|ref=harv |first1= Gholamreza |last1= Nematpour |date= 2013 |title= No Heaven For Gunga Din — Baraye Gungadin Behesht Nist |url= http://www.imvbox.com/watch-iranian-movies/no-heaven-for-gunga-din-baraye-gungadin-behesht-nist }} In Persian (Farsi) with English subtitles.
|ref=harv |first1= R. C. |last1= Zaehner |author-link1= Robert C. Zaehner |date= 1965 |title= Zoroastrian Survivals in Iranian Folklore |journal= Iran |publisher= British Institute of Persian Studies |volume= 3 |issue= |pages= 87–96 |jstor= 4299562 |url= http://rbedrosian.com/Iranica/Zaehner_Zor_Survivals_Folklore.pdf }}
|ref=harv |first1= R. C. |last1= Zaehner |author-link1= Robert C. Zaehner |date= 1992 |title= Zoroastrian Survivals in Iranian Folklore II |journal= Iran |publisher= British Institute of Persian Studies |volume= 30 |issue= |pages= 65–75 |jstor= 4299870 |url= http://rbedrosian.com/Iranica/Zaehner_Zor_Survivals_Folklore.pdf }} With introduction by P. G. Kreyenbroek. {{refend}} {{div col end}} 3 : People from Khorramabad|20th-century Iranian people|Persian writers |
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