| 词条 | Château d'Ivry-la-Bataille |
| 释义 |
The Château d'Ivry-la-Bataille is a ruinous Norman castle in the town of Ivry-la-Bataille in the Upper Normandy region. It is among the earliest examples of a stone donjon or keep, which would become a common feature of later Norman castles in various parts of Europe. The construction of the donjon dates to around 1000 AD;[1] it was constructed by an architect named Lanfred (or Lansfred, Lanfrai)[2] under the orders of Count Rodulf of Ivry (French: Raoul d'Ivry). Rudolf's wife, Aubrey or Aubrée, is said to have had the architect beheaded, so that he couldn't build a similar castle for another warlord.[1] The donjon has marked similarities with later Norman castle keeps, in Normandy notably Avranches, and in England notably Colchester Castle and the White Tower at the Tower of London; it has been suggested that Ivry was the model for these buildings.[3] The castle was reconstructed several times up to the 15th century and was repaired by Philibert de l'Orme in 1553.[2] Only ruins now remain, but form an attractive walk overlooking the valley of the River Eure. It is an official historical monument of France (MHC).[4] References1. ^1 Gravett, Christopher (2004), [https://books.google.com/books?id=BNnz37kxa6AC&pg=PA13&dq=Ivry-la-Bataille+castle&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Z5hbVPvRHJbtaOLSgvAJ&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Ivry-la-Bataille%20castle&f=false Norman Stone Castles (2): Europe, 950-1204], Osprey Publishing, {{ISBN|978-1841766034}} (p. 12) 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.openbibart.fr/item/display/10068/1022717?lang=fr |title=Le Château d'Alberède : essai d'histoire du château d'Ivry |last1=JOULAIN |first1=Denis |last2= |first2= |date= |website=www.openbibart.fr |publisher= |accessdate=6 November 2014}} 3. ^Radford, David and Gascoyne, Adrian, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Jq-mAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT724&lpg=PT724&dq=archive.org+%22colchester+castle%22&source=bl&ots=8p_TpS7l3d&sig=BJdsGcDtGjMG_bU5TTFzoJhl6So&hl=en&sa=X&ei=z5VbVKHWDc3xaI2SgrgD&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=archive.org%20%22colchester%20castle%22&f=false Colchester, Fortress of the War God: an Archaeological Assessment], Oxbow Books, {{ISBN|978-1842175088}} (Chapter 10). "...an early 11th century predecessor for Colchester and the White Tower has been identified at Ivry-la-Bataille near Evreux in Normandy (Impey and Parnell 2000, 19). 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.normandie-tourisme.fr/Vestiges-du-Chateau-d-Ivry-la-Bataille/PCU/IVRY-LA-BATAILLE/fiche-PCUNOR0271000133-2.html |title=Vestiges du Chateau d'Ivry-la-Bataille |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website=www.normandie-tourisme.fr |publisher=Normandy Regional Tourist Board |accessdate=6 November 2014}} External links
3 : Castles in Eure|Ruined castles in France|Monuments historiques of Normandy |
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