词条 | Asterix |
释义 |
| name = Asterix | image = Asterix - Cast.png | image_size = 320 | image_caption = Some of the many characters in Asterix. In the front row are the regular characters, with Asterix himself in the centre. | title_orig = {{lang|fr|Astérix le Gaulois}} | author = {{plainlist|
| illustrator = {{plainlist|
| translator = {{plainlist|
| country = France (origin), other (for translated books) | language = French (original), other 111 | genre = {{plainlist|
| publisher = Dargaud, Editions Albert René, Hachette for canonical volumes in French; others for non-canonical volumes (1976–1996) in French; Hodder, Hachette and others for non-canonical volumes (1976–1996) in English | pub_date = 29 October 1959 – 22 October 2010 (original period); 2009–present (revised-edition period) | english_pub_date = 1969–present (both periods) }} Asterix or The Adventures of Asterix ({{lang-fr|Astérix}} or Astérix le Gaulois {{IPA-fr|asteʁiks lə ɡolwa|}}) is a series of French comics. The series first appeared in the Franco-Belgian comics magazine Pilote on 29 October 1959. It was written by René Goscinny and illustrated by Albert Uderzo until the death of Goscinny in 1977. Uderzo then took over the writing until 2009, when he sold the rights to publishing company Hachette. In 2013, a new team consisting of Jean-Yves Ferri (script) and Didier Conrad (artwork) took over. As of 2017, 37 volumes have been released. The series follows the adventures of a village of Gauls as they resist Roman occupation in 50 BC. They do so by means of a magic potion, brewed by their druid Panoramix (named Getafix in the English translations), which temporarily gives the recipient superhuman strength. The protagonists, the title character Asterix and his friend Obelix, have various adventures. The "ix" ending of both names (as well as all the other pseudo-Gaulish "ix" names in the series) alludes to the "rix" suffix (meaning "king") present in the names of many real Gaulish chieftains such as Vercingetorix, Orgetorix and Dumnorix. In many of the stories, they travel to foreign countries, though others are set in and around their village. For much of the history of the series (Volumes 4 through 29), settings in Gaul and abroad alternated, with even-numbered volumes set abroad and odd-numbered volumes set in Gaul, mostly in the village. The Asterix series is one of the most popular Franco-Belgian comics in the world, with the series being translated into 111 languages and dialects.[1] The success of the series has led to the adaptation of its books into 13 films: nine animated, and four live action (one of which, Mission Cleopatra, was a major box office success in France). There have also been a number of games based on the characters, and a theme park near Paris, Parc Astérix. The very first French satellite, Astérix, launched in 1965, was also named after the comics character. As of 2017, 370{{nbsp}}million copies of Asterix books have been sold worldwide,[2] with co-creators René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo being France's best-selling authors abroad.[3][4] HistoryPrior to creating the Asterix series, Goscinny and Uderzo had previously had success with their series Oumpah-pah, which was published in Tintin magazine.[6] Astérix was originally serialised in Pilote magazine, debuting in the first issue on 29 October 1959.[7] In 1961 the first book was put together, titled Asterix the Gaul. From then on, books were released generally on a yearly basis. Their success was exponential; the first book sold 6,000 copies in its year of publication; a year later, the second sold 20,000. In 1963, the third sold 40,000; the fourth, released in 1964, sold 150,000. A year later, the fifth sold 300,000; 1966's Asterix and the Big Fight sold 400,000 upon initial publication. The ninth Asterix volume, when first released in 1967, sold 1.2 million copies in two days. Uderzo's first sketches portrayed Asterix as a huge and strong traditional Gaulish warrior. But Goscinny had a different picture in his mind. He visualized Asterix as a shrewd small sized warrior who would prefer intelligence over strength. However, Uderzo felt that the small sized hero needed a strong but dim companion to which Goscinny agreed. Hence, Obelix was born.[8] Despite the growing popularity of Asterix with the readers, the financial backing for Pilote ceased. Pilote was taken over by Georges Dargaud.[8] When Goscinny died in 1977, Uderzo continued the series alone on the demand of the readers who implored him to continue. He continued the series but on a less frequent basis. Most critics and fans of the series prefer Goscinny's albums.[10] Uderzo created his own publishing company, Les Editions Albert-René, which published every album drawn and written by Uderzo alone since then.[8] However, Dargaud, the initial publisher of the series, kept the publishing rights on the 24 first albums made by both Uderzo and Goscinny. In 1990, the Uderzo and Goscinny families decided to sue Dargaud to take over the rights. In 1998, after a long trial, Dargaud lost the rights to publish and sell the albums. Uderzo decided to sell these rights to Hachette instead of Albert-René, but the publishing rights on new albums were still owned by Albert Uderzo (40%), Sylvie Uderzo (20%) and Anne Goscinny (40%). In December 2008, Uderzo sold his stake to Hachette, which took over the company.[9] In a letter published in the French newspaper Le Monde in 2009, Uderzo's daughter, Sylvie, attacked her father's decision to sell the family publishing firm and the rights to produce new Astérix adventures after his death. She said: ... the co-creator of Astérix, France's comic strip hero, has betrayed the Gaulish warrior to the modern-day Romans – the men of industry and finance.[10][11] However, René Goscinny's daughter, Anne, also gave her agreement to the continuation of the series and sold her rights at the same time. She is reported to have said that "Asterix has already had two lives: one during my father's lifetime and one after it. Why not a third?".[12] A few months later, Uderzo appointed three illustrators, who had been his assistants for many years, to continue the series.[13] In 2011, Uderzo announced that a new Asterix album was due out in 2013, with Jean-Yves Ferri writing the story and Frédéric Mébarki drawing it.[14] A year later, in 2012, the publisher Albert-René announced that Frédéric Mébarki had withdrawn from drawing the new album, due to the pressure he felt in following in the steps of Uderzo. Comic artist Didier Conrad was officially announced to take over drawing duties from Mébarki, with the due date of the new album in 2013 unchanged.[15][16] In January 2015, after the murders of seven cartoonists at the satirical Paris weekly Charlie Hebdo, Astérix creator Albert Uderzo came out of retirement to draw two Astérix pictures honouring the memories of the victims.[17] List of titles{{Main|List of Asterix volumes}}Numbers 1–24, 32 and 34 are by Goscinny and Uderzo. Numbers 25–31 and 33 are by Uderzo alone. Years stated are for their initial album release. Numbers 35–37 are by Jean-Yves Ferri and Didier Conrad. {{Div col|colwidth=40em}}
Asterix Conquers Rome is a comics adaptation of the animated film The Twelve Tasks of Asterix. It was released in 1976, and was the 23rd volume to be published, but it has been rarely reprinted and is not considered to be canonical to the series. The only English translations ever to be published were in the Asterix Annual 1980 and never an English standalone volume. A picture-book version of the same story was published in English translation as The Twelve Tasks of Asterix by Hodder & Stoughton in 1978. In 1996, a tribute album in honour of Albert Uderzo was released titled "Uderzo Croqué par ses Amis", a volume containing 21 short stories with Uderzo in Ancient Gaul. This volume was published by Soleil Productions and has not been translated into English In 2007, Les Editions Albert René released a tribute volume titled Astérix et ses Amis, a 60-page volume of one-to-four-page short stories. It was a tribute to Albert Uderzo on his 80th birthday by 34 European cartoonists. The volume was translated into nine languages. {{as of|2016}}, it has not been translated into English.[20] In 2016, the publisher French Hachette along with Anne Goscinny and Albert Uderzo decided to make the special issue album The XII Tasks of Asterix for the 40th anniversary of the film The Twelve Tasks of Asterix. Synopsis and characters{{Main|List of Asterix characters}}The main setting for the series is an unnamed coastal village (rumoured to be inspired by Erquy) in Armorica (present-day Brittany), a province of Gaul (modern France), in the year 50 BC. Julius Caesar has conquered nearly all of Gaul for the Roman Republic. The little Armorican village, however, has held out because the villagers can gain temporary superhuman strength by drinking a magic potion brewed by the local village druid, Getafix. His chief is Vitalstatistix. The main protagonist and hero of the village is Asterix, who, because of his shrewdness, is usually entrusted with the most important affairs of the village. He is aided in his adventures by his rather fat and slower thinking friend, Obelix, who, because he fell into the druid's cauldron of the potion as a baby, has permanent superhuman strength (because of this, Getafix steadily refuses to allow Obelix to drink the potion, as doing so would have a dangerous and unpredictable result). Obelix is usually accompanied by Dogmatix, his little dog. (Except for Asterix and Obelix, the names of the characters change with the language. For example, Obelix's dog's name is "Dogmatix" in English, but "Idéfix" in the original French edition.) Asterix and Obelix (and sometimes other members of the village) go on various adventures both within the village and in far away lands. Places visited in the series include parts of Gaul (Lutetia, Corsica etc.), neighbouring nations (Belgium, Spain, Britain, Germany etc.), and far away lands (North America, Middle East, India etc.). The series employs science-fiction and fantasy elements in the more recent books; for instance, the use of extraterrestrials in Asterix and the Falling Sky and the city of Atlantis in Asterix and Obelix All at Sea. HumourThe humour encountered in the Asterix comics often centers around puns, caricatures, and tongue-in-cheek stereotypes of contemporary European nations and French regions. Much of the humour in the initial Asterix books was French-specific, which delayed the translation of the books into other languages for fear of losing the jokes and the spirit of the story. Some translations have actually added local humour: In the Italian translation, the Roman legionaries are made to speak in 20th century Roman dialect and Obelix's famous "Ils sont fous ces romains" ("These Romans are crazy") is translated as "Sono pazzi questi romani", alluding to the Roman abbreviation SPQR. In another example: Hiccups are written onomatopoeically in French as "hips", but in English as "hic", allowing Roman legionaries in more than one of the English translations to decline their hiccups in Latin ("hic, haec, hoc"). The newer albums share a more universal humour, both written and visual.[21] Character namesAll the fictional characters in Asterix have names which are puns on their roles or personalities and which follow certain patterns specific to nationality. Certain rules are followed (most of the time) such as Gauls (and their neighbours) having an '-ix' suffix for the males and ending in '-a' for the females, for example, Chief Vitalstatistix (so called due to his portly stature) and his wife Impedimenta (often at odds with the chief). The male Roman names end in '-us', echoing Latin nominitive male singular form, as in Gluteus Maximus, a muscle-bound athlete whose name is literally the butt of the joke. Gothic names (present-day Germany) end in "-ic", after Gothic chiefs such as Alaric and Theoderic, for example Rhetoric the interpreter. Greek names end in "-os" or "-es"; for example, Thermos the restaurateur. British names end in "-ax" and are often puns on the taxation associated with the later United Kingdom, such as Valuaddedtax the druid and Selectivemploymentax the mercenary. Other nationalities are treated to Pidgin translations from their language, like Huevos y Bacon, a Spanish chieftain (whose name, meaning eggs and bacon, is often guidebook Spanish for tourists) or literary and other popular media references, like Dubbelosix (a reference to James Bond's codename 007). Most of these jokes, and hence the names of the characters, are specific to the translation; for example, the druid Getafix is Panoramix in the original French and Miraculix in German.[22] Even so, occasionally the wordplay has been preserved: Obelix's dog, known in the original French as Idéfix (from idée fixe, a "fixed idea" or obsession), is called Dogmatix in English, which not only renders the original meaning strikingly closely ("dogmatic") but in fact adds another layer of wordplay with the syllable "Dog-" at the beginning of the name. The name Asterix, French Astérix, comes from {{lang|fr|astérisque}}, meaning "asterisk", which is the typographical symbol * indicating a footnote, from the Greek word αστήρ (aster), meaning a "star". His name is usually left unchanged in translations, aside from accents and the use of local alphabets. For example, in Esperanto, Polish, Slovene, Latvian, and Turkish it is Asteriks (in Turkish he was first named Bücür meaning "shorty", but the name was then changed). Two exceptions include Icelandic, in which he is known as Ástríkur ("Rich of love") and Sinhalese, where he is known as සූර පප්පා (Soora Pappa), which can be interpreted as "Hero". For explanations of some of the other names, see List of Asterix characters. Ethnic stereotypesMany of the Asterix adventures take place in other countries aside from their homeland, Gaul. In every album that takes place abroad, they meet (usually modern-day) stereotypes for each country as seen by the French.
When the Gauls see foreigners speaking their foreign languages, these have different representation in the speech bubbles:
TranslationsThe various volumes have been translated into more than 100 languages and dialects. Besides the original French language, most albums are available in Estonian, English, Czech, Dutch, German, Galician, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Spanish, Catalan, Basque, Portuguese, Italian, modern Greek, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Turkish, Slovene, Bulgarian, Serbian, Croatian, Latvian, Welsh[54] as well as Latin.[23] Some albums have also been translated into languages such as Esperanto, Scottish Gaelic, Irish, Scots, Indonesian, Persian, Mandarin, Korean, Japanese, Bengali, Afrikaans, Arabic, Hindi, Hebrew, Frisian, Romansch, Vietnamese, Sinhalese, Ancient Greek and Luxembourgish.[24] In France, Finland, and especially in Germany, several volumes were translated into a variety of regional languages and dialects, such as Alsatian, Breton, Chtimi (Picard) and Corsican in France, Bavarian, Swabian and Low German in Germany, and Savo, Karelia, Rauma and Helsinki slang dialects in Finland. Also, in Portugal, a special edition of the first volume, Asterix the Gaul, was translated into local language Mirandese.[25] In Greece, a number of volumes have appeared in the Cretan Greek, Cypriot Greek and Pontic Greek dialects.[26] In the Italian version, while the Gauls speak standard Italian, the legionaries speak in the Romanesque dialect. In the former Yugoslavia, the "Forum" publishing house translated Corsican text in "Asterix in Corsica" into the Montenegrin dialect of Serbo-Croatian (today called Montenegrin). In the Netherlands several volumes were translated into West Frisian, a Germanic language spoken in the province of Friesland, into Limburgish, a regional language spoken not only in Dutch Limburg but also in Belgian Limburg and North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany and into Tweants, a dialect in the region of Twente in the eastern province of Overijssel. Hungarian-language books have been published in Yugoslavia for the Hungarian minority living in Serbia. Although not a fully autonomous dialect, the books differ slightly from the language of the books issued in Hungary. In Sri Lanka, the cartoon series was adapted into Sinhala (Singhalese) as Sura Pappa.[25] Most volumes have been translated into Latin and Ancient Greek with accompanying teachers' guides as a way of teaching these ancient languages. English translation{{Main|English translations of Asterix}}Before Asterix became famous, translations of some strips were published in British comics including Valiant, Ranger, and Look & Learn, under names Little Fred and Big Ed[27] and Beric the Bold, set in Roman-occupied Britain. These were included in an exhibition on Goscinny's life and career, and Asterix, in London's Jewish Museum in 2018.[28][29] The translation of the books into English has been done by Derek Hockridge and Anthea Bell, and their English language rendition has been widely praised for maintaining the spirit and humour of the original French version. Derek Hockridge died in 2013 and Anthea Bell retired in 2016 for health reasons. Bell died in 2018.[30] Adriana Hunter is the present translator. AdaptationsThe series has been adapted into various media. There are 14 films, 15 board games, 40 video games, and 1 theme park. Films{{Main|List of Asterix films}}Various motion pictures based upon the series have been made.
Games{{Main|List of Asterix games}}Many gamebooks, board games and video games are based upon the Asterix series. In particular, many video games were released by various computer game publishers. Theme park{{Main|Parc Astérix}}Parc Astérix, a theme park 22 miles north of Paris, based upon the series, was opened in 1989. It is one of the most visited sites in France, with around 1.6 million visitors per year. Influence in popular culture
See also
References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1931169,00.html|title=Asterix at 50: The Comic Hero Conquers the World|date=November 19, 2009|newspaper=Time|first=Leo|last=Cendrowicz|access-date=7 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908022648/http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1931169,00.html|archive-date=8 September 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^{{cite news |last1=Ye |first1=Sonia |title=With the crazy 'Italics', Asterix returns for 37th adventure |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-asterix/with-the-crazy-italics-asterix-returns-for-37th-adventure-idUSKBN1CO10X |agency=Reuters |date=October 19, 2017 |access-date=6 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906195620/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-asterix/with-the-crazy-italics-asterix-returns-for-37th-adventure-idUSKBN1CO10X |archive-date=6 September 2018 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^{{cite news | last= volumes-sold | title= Asterix the Gaul rises sky high | url= http://in.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idINIndia-43015020091008 | work= Reuters | date= 8 October 2009 | access-date= 9 October 2009 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091010020156/http://in.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idINIndia-43015020091008 | archive-date= 10 October 2009 | dead-url= no | df= dmy-all }} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/6-3-2004-54995.asp |title=Goscinny and Uderzo |author=Sonal Panse |date= |website= |publisher=Buzzle.com |accessdate=11 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101142444/http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/6-3-2004-54995.asp |archive-date=1 November 2009 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^{{Cite book|title = Luminais Musée des beaux-arts|last = |first = |publisher = Dominique Dussol: Evariste Vital|year = 2002|isbn = |location = |page = 32}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://lambiek.net/home.htm|title=René Goscinny|author= |date= |website= |publisher=Comic creator |accessdate=9 March 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100324201421/http://lambiek.net/home.htm| archivedate= 24 March 2010 | deadurl= no}} 7. ^{{cite web | last =BDoubliées | title =Pilote année 1959 | url =http://bdoubliees.com/journalpilote/series1/asterix.htm | language =French | access-date =28 April 2007 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110525075208/http://www.bdoubliees.com/journalpilote/series1/asterix.htm | archive-date =25 May 2011 | dead-url =no | df =dmy-all }} 8. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1= Kessler |first1= Peter |authorlink1= |editor1-first= |editor1-last= |editor1-link= |others= |title=Asterix Complete Guide |trans-title= |edition= First |series= |volume= |date=2 November 1995 |origyear= |publisher=Hodder Children's Books; |location= |isbn=978-0-340-65346-3 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |trans-chapter= |chapter= |url= |quote= |ref= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |lastauthoramp=}} 9. ^Lezard, Nicholas (January 16, 2009), "[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2009/jan/16/asterix-sylvie-uderzo-le-monde Asterix has sold out to the Empire] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819074148/https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2009/jan/16/asterix-sylvie-uderzo-le-monde |date=19 August 2016 }}," The Guardian (retrieved June 21, 2016) 10. ^{{cite news | last=Shirbon | first=Estelle | work=Reuters | date=14 January 2009 | accessdate=16 January 2009 | title=Asterix battles new Romans in publishing dispute | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSTRE50D46K20090114 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525025049/http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSTRE50D46K20090114 | archive-date=25 May 2009 | dead-url=no | df=dmy-all }} 11. ^{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7831375.stm | title=Divisions emerge in Asterix camp | date=15 January 2009 | accessdate=16 January 2009 | work=BBC News Online | location=London| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090119011222/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7831375.stm| archivedate= 19 January 2009 | deadurl= no}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bodoi.info/magazine/2009-01-20/anne-goscinny-%C2%ABasterix-a-eu-deja-eu-deux-vies-du-vivant-de-mon-pere-et-apres-pourquoi-pas-une-troisieme%C2%BB/10581 |title=Anne Goscinny: "Astérix a eu déjà eu deux vies, du vivant de mon père et après. Pourquoi pas une troisième?" |language=French |publisher=Bodoï |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207205018/http://www.bodoi.info/magazine/2009-01-20/anne-goscinny-%C2%ABasterix-a-eu-deja-eu-deux-vies-du-vivant-de-mon-pere-et-apres-pourquoi-pas-une-troisieme%C2%BB/10581 |archivedate=7 February 2009 |df=dmy }} 13. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8319196.stm|title=Should Asterix hang up his sword ?|publisher=BBC News|author=Hugh Schofield|date=22 October 2009|location=London|access-date=25 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827043048/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8319196.stm|archive-date=27 August 2010|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 14. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15279427 | title=Asterix attraction coming to the UK | publisher=BBC News Online | date=12 October 2011 | accessdate=16 October 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223125235/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-15279427 | archive-date=23 December 2011 | dead-url=no | df=dmy-all | work=BBC News }} 15. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.bleedingcool.com/2012/10/15/didier-conrad-is-the-new-artist-for-asterix/ | title=Didier Conrad Is The New Artist For Asterix | author=Rich Johnston | publisher=Bleeding Cool | date=15 October 2012 | accessdate=16 October 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019011413/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2012/10/15/didier-conrad-is-the-new-artist-for-asterix/ | archive-date=19 October 2012 | dead-url=no | df=dmy-all }} 16. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2012/10/10/97001-20121010FILWWW00604--asterixwi-change-encore-de-dessinateur.php | title=Astérix change encore de dessinateur | work=lefigaro.fr | author=AFP | publisher=Le Figaro | date=10 October 2012 | accessdate=16 October 2012 | language=French | trans-title=Asterix switches drawing artist again | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012233324/http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2012/10/10/97001-20121010FILWWW00604--asterixwi-change-encore-de-dessinateur.php | archive-date=12 October 2012 | dead-url=no | df=dmy-all }} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/charlie-hebdo-asterix-creator-albert-uderzo-comes-out-of-retirement-to-draw-je-suis-charlie-cartoon-9968835.html|title=Asterix creator comes out of retirement to declare 'Moi aussi je suis un Charlie'|date=2015-01-09|work=The Independent|access-date=2017-11-15|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719011653/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/charlie-hebdo-asterix-creator-albert-uderzo-comes-out-of-retirement-to-draw-je-suis-charlie-cartoon-9968835.html|archive-date=19 July 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 18. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 {{cite book|last=Kessler|first=Peter|title=The Complete Guide to Asterix (The Adventures of Asterix and Obelix)|year=1997|publisher=Distribooks Inc|isbn=978-0-340-65346-3}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://teenlibrarian.co.uk/?p=688 |title=October 2009 Is Asterix'S 50th Birthday |publisher=Teenlibrarian.co.uk |date=9 October 2009 |accessdate=31 December 2010}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.asterix.com/edition/albums-hors-collection/asterix-et-ses-amis.html |title=Les albums hors collection - Astérix et ses Amis - Hommage à Albert Uderzo |publisher=Asterix.com |date= |accessdate=31 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607234005/http://www.asterix.com/edition/albums-hors-collection/asterix-et-ses-amis.html |archive-date=7 June 2011 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7049642.stm |title=The vital statistics of Asterix |author= |date=18 October 2007 |work= |publisher=BBC News|accessdate=10 March 2010 | location=London| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100208100111/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7049642.stm| archivedate= 8 February 2010 | deadurl= no}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asterix.com/the-a-to-z-of-asterix/characters/getafix.html|publisher=Asterix the official website|title=A to Z of Asterix: Getafix|access-date=8 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111204808/http://www.asterix.com/the-a-to-z-of-asterix/characters/getafix.html|archive-date=11 January 2018|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.asterix.com/the-collection/translations/asterix-in-latin.html |title=Accueil - Astérix - le site officiel |access-date=25 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170130012927/http://www.asterix.com/the-collection/translations/asterix-in-latin.html |archive-date=30 January 2017 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 24. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.asterix-obelix.nl/ |title=Asterix around the World |author=|date= |website= |publisher=asterix-obelix-nl.com |accessdate=9 March 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100123051237/http://www.asterix-obelix.nl/| archivedate= 23 January 2010 | deadurl= no}} 25. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.asterix.com/encyclopedia/translations/|title=Translations|author=|date=|website=|publisher=Asterix.com|accessdate=11 March 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211214621/http://www.asterix.com/encyclopedia/translations/|archivedate=11 February 2010|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}} 26. ^{{cite web | title = List of Asterix comics published in Greece by Mamouth Comix | url = http://www.mamouthcomix.gr/asterix/index.html | language = Greek | access-date = 30 March 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090409055539/http://www.mamouthcomix.gr/asterix/index.html | archive-date = 9 April 2009 | dead-url = yes | df = dmy-all }} 27. ^{{cite web |url=https://comictrip.wordpress.com/2015/04/21/asterix-le-breton-little-fred-big-ed-part-1/ |title=Astérix le Breton: Little Fred & Big Ed (part 1) |website=ComicOrama en Français|date= 2015-04-21|author= |accessdate= 11 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170601033832/https://comictrip.wordpress.com/2015/04/21/asterix-le-breton-little-fred-big-ed-part-1/|archive-date=1 June 2017|dead-url=no}} 28. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2018/may/10/the-ancient-brit-with-bags-of-grit-how-anglicised-asterix-first-came-to-uk |title=The Ancient Brit with Bags of Grit? How anglicised Asterix came to UK |newspaper=The Guardian |date=11 May 2018 |author=Mark Brown |accessdate=11 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510220315/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2018/may/10/the-ancient-brit-with-bags-of-grit-how-anglicised-asterix-first-came-to-uk |archive-date=10 May 2018 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 29. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishmuseum.org.uk/asterix |title=Astérix in Britain: The Life and Work of René Goscinny|website=The Jewish Museum London|date=10 May 2018|author= |accessdate= 11 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511131748/http://www.jewishmuseum.org.uk/asterix|archive-date=11 May 2018|dead-url=no}} 30. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/18/anthea-bell-magnificent-translator-of-asterix-and-kafka-dies-aged-82|title=Anthea Bell, 'magnificent' translator of Asterix and Kafka, dies aged 82|last=Flood|first=Alison|date=2018-10-18|newspaper=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019144919/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/18/anthea-bell-magnificent-translator-of-asterix-and-kafka-dies-aged-82|archive-date=19 October 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.soundtrackcollector.com/catalog/soundtrackdetail.php?movieid=61353|title=Astérix & Obélix: Mission Cléopâtre|author=|date=|website=|publisher=Soundtrack collectors|accessdate=13 March 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403025304/http://www.soundtrackcollector.com/catalog/soundtrackdetail.php?movieid=61353|archive-date=3 April 2012|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 32. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0463872/ |title=Astérix aux jeux olympiques|author= |year=2008 |website= |publisher=IMD |accessdate=13 March 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100204215430/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0463872/| archivedate= 4 February 2010 | deadurl= no}} 33. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1931169,00.html |work=TIME |title=Asterix at 50: The Comic Hero Conquers the World |date=21 October 2009 |accessdate=21 October 2009 |first=Leo |last=Cendrowicz |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024031144/http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0%2C8599%2C1931169%2C00.html |archivedate=24 October 2009 |deadurl=no }} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.meeja.com.au/articles/asterix-the-gaul-seen-feasting-at-mcdonald-s-restaurant |publisher=www.meeja.com.au |date=19 August 2010 |accessdate=19 August 2010 |title=Asterix the Gaul seen feasting at McDonald's restaurant |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706110249/http://www.meeja.com.au/articles/asterix-the-gaul-seen-feasting-at-mcdonald-s-restaurant |archivedate=6 July 2011 |df=dmy }} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/40.html |title=OpenBSD 4.0 homepage |publisher=Openbsd.org |date=1 November 2006 |accessdate=31 December 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101223013107/http://www.openbsd.org/40.html| archivedate= 23 December 2010 | deadurl= no}} 36. ^{{cite web |url=http://es.asterix.com/33/tour.htm |title=The Mirror World exhibition official site |access-date=20 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927081820/http://es.asterix.com/33/tour.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 37. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/doodles/asterix-comics-50th-anniversary-2009-goscinny-uderzo |title=Asterix's anniversary |author=Google |date=29 October 2009 |website= |publisher= |accessdate=27 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108035628/http://www.google.com/doodles/asterix-comics-50th-anniversary-2009-goscinny-uderzo |archive-date=8 January 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://heraldry.ansteorra.org/docs/COH_Admin_Handbook.pdf|title=KINGDOM OF ANSTEORRA ADMINISTRATIVE HANDBOOK FOR THE COLLEGE OF HERALDS|date=July 2013|access-date=9 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714114952/http://heraldry.ansteorra.org/docs/COH_Admin_Handbook.pdf|archive-date=14 July 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} Sources{{Refbegin}}
External links{{Commons category|Astérix}}{{Wikiquote}}
28 : French comic strips|Pilote titles|Dargaud titles|Asterix|Alternate history comics|Lagardère SCA franchises|Satirical comics|Media franchises|Fantasy comics|Historical comics|Humor comics|Pirate comics|1959 comics debuts|Fiction set in Roman Gaul|Comics set in ancient Rome|Comics set in France|Brittany in fiction|Comics set in the 1st century BC|French comics adapted into films|Comics adapted into animated films|Comics adapted into animated series|Comics adapted into video games|1959 establishments in France|Works about rebels|Works about rebellions|Rebellions in fiction|Fiction set in Armorica|Comics by Albert Uderzo |
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