词条 | The World (archipelago) |
释义 |
| name = The World Islands (Dubai) | native_name = | sobriquet = | image_name = Dubaiworld.jpg | image_size = 250px | image_caption = View of The World in early 2009 | image_alt = | map_image = Dubai new developments.png | map_size = 300 | map_caption = | location = United Arab Emirates | coordinates = {{coord|25|13|00|N|55|10|00|E|display=inline,title}} | archipelago = The World | total_islands = | major_islands = | area_km2 = | area_footnotes = | rank = | length_km = 9 | width_km = 6 | width_footnotes = | coastline_km = | coastline_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_footnotes = | highest_mount = | country = United Arab Emirates | demonym = | population = | population_as_of = | density_km2 = | density_footnotes = | ethnic_groups = | website = {{URL|www.nakheel.com}} | additional_info = Developer: Nakheel }} The World or The World Islands, (Arabic: جزر العالم; Juzur al-Ālam) is an artificial archipelago of various small islands constructed in the rough shape of a world map, located in the waters of the Persian Gulf, {{Convert|4.0|km|mi}} off the coast of Dubai, United Arab Emirates.[1] The World islands are composed mainly of sand dredged from Dubai's shallow coastal waters, and are one of several artificial island developments in Dubai.[1] The World's developer is Nakheel Properties, and the project was originally conceived by Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the ruler of Dubai. The actual construction was done by two Dutch (joint venture) specialist companies, Van Oord and Boskalis. The same companies also created the Palm Jumeirah. Construction of the 300 islands began in 2003, only to halt due to the 2008 financial crisis.[2] Though 60 percent of the islands had been sold off to private contractors back in 2008, development on most of these islands has failed to initiate.[3] As of July 2012, the Lebanon Island was developed and was the only island that had so far been developed commercially, being used for private corporate events and public parties. As of late 2013, only two of the islands had been developed. In January 2014, Kleindienst Group announced the launch of "The Heart of Europe" project;[4] by February 2014, one of Kleindienst Group's brands - JK Properties - announced in their monthly newsletter that the project was "well underway".[5] The first of these series of islands will be Europe, Sweden and Germany with development led by Kleindienst Group. ProjectIslands in the project range from {{convert|14000|to|42000|m2|sqft}} in area.[1] Distances between islands average {{convert|100|m|ft}}; they are constructed from {{convert|321,000,000|m3|abbr=out}} of sand and 386 million tons of rock.[1] Designed by Creative Kingdom Dubai, the development is an area that covers {{convert|6|by|9|km|mi}} and is surrounded by an oval-shaped breakwater island. Roughly {{convert|232|km|abbr=on}} of shoreline was created. The World's overall development costs were estimated at $13 billion CAD in 2005. The archipelago consists of seven sets of islands, representing the continents of Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Antarctica, and Oceania.[6] Each artificial islands is named for its representative regions, including those representing countries, landmarks, and regions such as the United Kingdom,[7] California,[8] Mount Everest,[9] Australia,[10] New Mexico,[11] Upernavik,[12] Buenos Aires,[13] New York,[14] Mexico,[15] St. Petersburg[16] and India.[17] HistoryThe project was unveiled in May 2003 by Sheikh Mohammed[18] and dredging began four months later in September 2003.[18] By January 2008, 60% of the islands were sold, 20 of which were bought in the first four months of 2007.[1][18] On 10 January 2008 the final stone on the breakwater was laid, completing development of the archipelago.[18] As of July 2012, a second island, the Lebanon Island was developed and was 'the only island that has so far been developed commercially, is used for private corporate events and public parties.' [19] Project difficultiesThe Times Online reported in September 2009 that work on The World had been suspended due to the effects of the global financial crisis.[20][21]And in February 2010 the Daily Mail reported that the islands had started sinking back into the sea.[22] This was later denied by Nakheel and independent technical reports as wholly inaccurate.[23] Despite the denial, The Daily Telegraph reported in January 2011 that an independent company, Penguin Marine, provided verification on the erosion of the islands and the silting of the passageways between the islands.[24] Due to finance and technical problems, Penguin Marine, the company contracted to provide transportation to the archipelago, is attempting to get out of the annual fees of $1.6 million paid to Nakheel properties.[24] As of early 2011, only one of the islands had been occupied by a building (a show home) on it,[2] and commercial or residential properties were not currently being constructed on any of the other islands. Property prices in the Emirates had fallen 58 percent from their peak in the fourth quarter of 2008.[25] The world economic recovery from the Great Recession has resulted in a rebound for the Dubai real estate market: it has been reported that "residential prices [in Dubai] rose by 17.9% from August 2012 to 2013, while rents soared by 14.9% in the same period." [26] Irish investor/businessman John O'Dolan, who purchased the "Ireland" island, committed suicide in February 2009, after his consortium fell into financial difficulty.[27] Purchase and development plansThe World was supposed to be serviced by four major transportation hubs linked by waterways. Land parcels are supposedly zoned for various uses: estate, mid density, high density, resorts and commercial.[28] A Dubai Infinity Holdings construction planner has stated that developers have been negotiating with Nakheel about temporary siting of a cement batching plant on one of the islands to supply subdivided construction.[29] The plan was for utilities to be routed under water, with water plants at each of the hubs pumping fresh water to the islands. Power was to be supplied by the Dubai Grid and distributed through underwater cables, however as of February 2015 no cables had been laid, so that developers currently have to provide their own power from diesel generators. Wastewater and refuse systems are an individual concern for each island.[28] Nakheel Group is itself further developing a resort named Coral Island over 20 islands that make up the North American part of The World. The low-rise development will include a marina and hotel village.[30] The second largest confirmed development is the purchase of 14 islands that make up Australia and New Zealand by Investment Dar of Kuwait. The islands are being terraformed to be developed as a resort named OQYANA.[31] Irish business consortium Larionovo had plans to develop the Ireland island into an Irish-themed resort.[32] The plans include a large internal marina, apartments and villas, a gym, hotel, and an Irish-themed pub. In July 2007 it was announced that the Ireland Island would feature a recreation of Northern Ireland's Giant's Causeway. However, on 25 November 2008, a provisional liquidator was appointed to Larionovo.[33] The islands of Great Britain and Moscow on The World were acquired by Premier Real Estate Bureau in the Summer of 2008. News was leaked in a Daily Mail article of January 2009, refuting claims that Great Britain was owned by Richard Branson, Rod Stewart or John O'Dolan.[34] In April 2008, Salya Corporation announced that it had acquired the islands of Finland and Brunei in The World and planned to develop them into fashion-themed resorts. Salya spent about Dh800 million ($218 million USD) to purchase the islands and plans to spend a further Dh2.4 billion ($654 million USD) on development. Brunei Island will be turned into a Fashion TV resort and Finland Island will be turned into a fashion community called FTV palace.[35] Safi Qurashi, the seven-time multi-millionaire entrepreneur [36] at the head of Premier, and his business partner Mustafa Nagri, paid an estimated $64 million USD for the {{convert|11|acre|ha|adj=on|order=flip}} piece of land; he was later convicted for non-payment of cheques and sentenced to seven years in jail.[37] However, on appeal he was later found not guilty and released from prison in July 2012 when he was declared innocent of two of the three charges.[38] and [39] On the final charges the civil court final judgment showed he owed no money, was a victim of fraud and vindicated him completely by awarding 10.8 Million USD to be paid back to him by his former partner who had defrauded him.[40] and [41] Safi Qurashi is still the owner of GB Island and continues to live and run his businesses in Dubai and is still confident of developing the Island of GB into a unique destination.[42] Josef Kleindienst and his firm JK Properties are developing The Heart of Europe, a collection of seven islands (Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, St. Petersburg, Main Europe, Switzerland and Monaco) in the European section of the World, into an island luxury resort.[43] The resort is meant to create a fully immersive European experience, with outdoor snow,[44] and stores accepting only the EURO as a currency.[45] Timeline of construction{{See also|List of Developments on The World Islands}}
See also{{Commons category|The World}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.ameinfo.com/133896.html |publisher=AMEInfo |title=Dubai's Palm and World Islands - progress update |date=2007-10-04 |accessdate=2008-02-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011022845/http://www.ameinfo.com/133896.html |archivedate=2007-10-11 |df= }} 2. ^1 {{cite news|title='The World' is sinking|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/international/4594274/The-World-is-sinking|accessdate=28 January 2011|newspaper=The Age|date=28 January 2011}} 3. ^{{cite news|last1=Schaffer|first1=Sierra|title=The "World" Is Sinking Back Into The Sea, Dubai's World Islands That Is – TechMalak|url=https://www.techmalak.com/the-world-is-sinking-back-into-the-sea-dubais-world-that-is/#.WS2awHXyukA|work=TechMalak|date=23 May 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jk-properties.com/newsletters/january2014/ |title= KLEINDIENST GROUP LAUNCHES ICONIC THE HEART OF EUROPE PROJECT|author= |date= January 2014 |publisher= JK Properties |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.jk-properties.com/newsletters/february2014/ |title= WORK CONTINUES TO PROGRESS AT A PACE ON THE HEART OF EUROPE |author= |date= February 2014 |publisher= JK Properties |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 6. ^{{cite web | title=The World Islands | website=Atlas Obscura | date=September 26, 2016 | url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/world-islands | access-date=July 8, 2018}} 7. ^{{OSM|w|186483481|United Kingdom}} {{coord|25.22334|N|55.15937|E|format=dec|name=United Kingdom}} 8. ^{{OSM|r|2713321|California|tools=short}} {{coord|25.20300|N|55.14376|E|format=dec|name=California}} 9. ^{{OSM|w|87185503|Mount Everest}} {{coord|25.23683|N|55.17535|E|format=dec|name=Mount Everest}} 10. ^{{OSM|w|87185938|Australia}} {{coord|25.23149|N|55.19435|E|format=dec|name=Australia}} 11. ^{{OSM|r|8402261|New Mexico}} {{coord|25.201379|N|55.151797|E|format=dec|name=New Mexico}} 12. ^{{OSM|w|87184344|Upernavik}} {{coord|25.22142|N|55.13939|E|format=dec|name=Upernavik}} 13. ^{{OSM|w|202033673|Buenos Aires}} {{coord|25.20106|N|55.1695|E|format=dec|name=Buenos Aires}} 14. ^{{OSM|w|87184265|New York}} {{coord|25.21421|N|55.15101|E|format=dec|name=New York}} 15. ^{{OSM|r|8402263|Mexico}} {{coord|25.201824|N|55.154394|E|format=dec|name=Mexico}} 16. ^{{OSM|w|200489433|St. Petersburg}} {{coord|25.23475|N|55.16479|E|format=dec|name=St. Petersburg}} 17. ^{{OSM|w|170773643|India}} {{coord|25.23110|N|55.1796|E|format=dec|name=India}} 18. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/507983-the-world-islands-in-dubai-completed |publisher=ArabianBusiness.com |title=The World islands in Dubai complete |date=2008-01-10 |accessdate=2008-02-02}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/the-world-is-back-on-dubais-map|title=The World is back on Dubai's map|author=Colin Simpson|publisher=|accessdate=18 April 2016}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/news/article6831481.ece|title=Credit crunch signals end of The World for Dubai’s multi-billion dollar property deal|publisher=Times Online UK|date=September 12, 2009|accessdate=2009-11-28 | location=London | first=James | last=McLean}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/johann-hari/the-dark-side-of-dubai-1664368.html|title=The dark side of Dubai|author=Johann Hari|publisher=The Independent|date=2009-04-07|accessdate=2009-05-16| location=London}} 22. ^{{Citation | title = Is it the end of the world? Nasa picture suggests Dubai globe is sinking back into the sea | url = http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1247651/World-Islands-Is-end-world-Nasa-picture-suggests-Dubai-globe-sinking-sea.html | author = Bates, Claire | journal = Daily Mail | accessdate = 2010-04-07| date=2010-02-02| location=London}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/580782-island-owners-hit-back-at-sinking-claims|title=Island owners hit back at 'sinking' claims|author= Shane McGinley|publisher=arabianbusiness|date=2010-02-04|accessdate=2010-02-04}} 24. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/dubai/8271643/The-World-is-sinking-Dubai-islands-falling-into-the-sea.html |title=The World is sinking: Dubai islands 'falling into the sea'|publisher = The Daily Telegraph|date=2011-01-20|accessdate=2011-01-25|location=London|first=Richard|last=Spencer}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=The End of The World|url=http://english.kompas.com/read/2011/01/23/03401537/The.End.of.The.World|work=Kompas.com|accessdate=6 January 2012}} 26. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.jk-properties.com/newsletters/november2013/|title=JK Properties Monthly Newsletter (Nov. 2013) "A BRIGHT OUTLOOK FOR DUBAI’S PROPERTY MARKET" |author= |date=November 2013 |publisher=JK Properties |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 27. ^{{Citation | title = Extravagant Dubai island project sinks under weight of the credit crunch | url = http://www.independent.ie/world-news/middle-east/extravagant-dubai-island-project-sinks-under-weight-of-the-credit-crunch-1884856.html | date = September 12, 2009 | journal = Irish Independent | last1 = McLean | first1 = James | last2 = McDonald | first2 = Brian | accessdate = 2010-04-07 }} 28. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.theworld.ae/videoGallery.html | title=The World Video Gallery|author=Nakheel}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/property/the-world-three-quarters-sold-out|title=‘The World’ three-quarters sold out|author=The National Newspaper}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://uaeinteract.com/docs/Nakheel_unveils_super-luxury_resort_at_Coral_Island_of_The_World/25125.htm|title=Nakheel unveils super-luxury resort at Coral Island of The World |date=2007-03-05|publisher=National Media Council UAE|accessdate=2008-03-26}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiatraveltips.com/news05/134-TheWorld.shtml|title=Nakheel sells Australasia segment of The World|date=2005-04-13|publisher=AsiaTravelTips.com|accessdate=2006-12-29}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theislandofireland.com/|title=The Island of Ireland|accessdate=2007-07-23}} 33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.larionovo.com/|title=Larionovo}} 34. ^{{cite news |title=Homesick Balham boy buys Britain-shaped island for £43m |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1120695/Homesick-Balham-boy-buys-Britain-shaped-island-43m--8211-London-pub.html |publisher=Daily Mail|accessdate=2009-04-08 | first=Martin | last=Delgado | date=2009-01-17}} 35. ^{{cite web |title=World's Finland and Brunei to be hub of fashion |url=http://www.business24-7.ae/articles/2008/4/pages/worldhub.aspx |publisher=Emirates Business 24/7 |date=2008-04-24 |accessdate=2008-04-27}} 36. ^Leftly, Mark. Anger over pay is just the free market in action, The Independent 10 June 2012 37. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jul/23/dubai-safi-qurashi | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Rajeev | last=Syal | title=Owner of Dubai's 'little Britain' jailed for non-payment of cheques | date=2010-07-23}} 38. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/exclusive-two-safi-qurashi-judgements-quashed-466985.html | location=Dubai | work=Arabian Business | first=Shane | last=McGinley | title=EXCLUSIVE: Two Safi Qurashi judgements quashed | date=2012-07-23}} 39. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/expat-money/9423555/Briton-Safi-Qurashi-has-convictions-overturned-in-Dubai.html | location=London | work=The Telegraph | first=Leah | last=Hyslop | title=Briton Safi Qurashi has convictions overturned in Dubai | date=2012-07-24}} 40. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/dubai-s-safi-qurashi-cleared-of-bouncing-2-7m-cheque-489328.html | location=Dubai | work=Arabian Business | first=Claire | last=Valdini | title=Dubai's Safi Qurashi cleared of bouncing $2.7m cheque | date=2013-02-13}} 41. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.arabianbusiness.com/safi-qurashi-s-former-partner-ordered-repay-10-8m-by-dubai-court-529323.html | location=Dubai | work=Arabian Business | first=Ashford | last=Fernandez | title=Safi Qurashi’s former partner ordered to repay $10.8m by Dubai court | date=2013-12-04}} 42. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-32193-interview-not-the-end-of-the-world-safi-qurashi/ | location=Dubai | work=Construction Week | first=Hannah | last=Raven | title=Interview: Not the End of the World, Safi Qurashi | date=2015-01-17}} 43. ^{{cite web|title=The Heart of Europe|url=http://www.thoe.com/|accessdate=14 February 2016}} 44. ^{{cite news|title=Heart of Europe in Dubai: Streets with snow|url=http://www.emirates247.com/property/heart-of-europe-in-dubai-streets-with-snow-2014-01-20-1.535342|accessdate=14 February 2016|publisher=Emirates 24/7|date=20 January 2014}} 45. ^{{cite news|title=VIDEO: Plans to make it snow in Dubai are not a gimmick, says CEO|url=http://7days.ae/plans-make-snow-dubai-not-gimmick-says-ceo|accessdate=14 February 2016|publisher=7Days}} 46. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite web|author=Dubai FAQs |url=http://www.dubaifaqs.com/the-world-dubai.php |title=The World Dubai |publisher=Dubaifaqs.com |date= |accessdate=2012-07-07}} 47. ^{{cite web|author=smh |url=http://www.asiatraveltips.com/news06/303-TheWorld.shtml |title=Sir Richard Branson 'Stakes his Claim' on The World in Dubai |publisher=Asiatraveltips.com |date=2006-03-30 |accessdate=2012-07-07}} 48. ^{{cite web|last1=Jacobs|first1=Frank|title=The World (Under Construction)|url=http://bigthink.com/strange-maps/the-world-under-construction|website=BigThink|publisher=The Big Think, Inc.|accessdate=22 December 2015|date=2014-10-30}} 49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.europe-re.com/system/main.php?pageid=2343&articleid=10631 |title=Cinnovation acquires Nova Island on The World (UAE/SG) |publisher=Europe-re.com |date=2010-06-01 |accessdate=2012-07-07}} 50. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ameinfo.com/148011.html |title=Dubai unveils 'Pearls of Arabia' at The World | DMCC |publisher=AMEinfo.com |date=2012-06-20 |accessdate=2012-07-07}} 51. ^1 2 {{cite web|author=- Saturday |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/property/the-world-three-quarters-sold-out |title='The World' three-quarters sold out - The National |publisher=Thenational.ae |date=2012-06-06 |accessdate=2012-07-07}} 52. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ameinfo.com/225097.html |title=First developer breaks ground on The World | Real Estate |publisher=AMEinfo.com |date=2012-06-20 |accessdate=2012-07-07}} 53. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nakheel.com/en/media/news/the-world-llc-settles-with-kleindienst-properties |title=The World LLC settles with Kleindienst Properties |author= |date=6 May 2013 |publisher= Nakheel PJSC |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 54. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.emirates247.com/news/emirates/dubai-s-the-world-construction-on-taiwan-begins-post-ramadan-2013-06-10-1.509715|title=Dubai's The World: Construction on Taiwan begins post-Ramadan|author=System Administrator|work=Emirates 24-7|accessdate=18 April 2016}} 55. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nakheel.com/en/media/news/settlements-worth-aed807-million-put-the-world-back-on-the-map |title= Settlements worth AED807 million put The World back on the map |author= |date= 2 July 2013 |publisher= Nakheel PJSC|accessdate=14 March 2014}} 56. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.constructionweekonline.com/article-25515-road-could-be-built-to-man-made-world-development/#.UsrFm2SzAa4|title=Road could be built to man-made World development|publisher=|accessdate=18 April 2016}} 57. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jk-properties.com/newsletters/january2014/ |title= JK Properties Monthly Newsletter (January 2014), "KLEINDIENST GROUP LAUNCHES ICONIC THE HEART OF EUROPE PROJECT" |author= |date= January 2014 |publisher= JK Properties|accessdate=14 March 2014}} 58. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.thoe.com/construction-updates|title= The Heart of Europe - Construction Updates|author= |date= January 2014 |publisher= The Heart of Europe|accessdate=14 March 2014}} 59. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jk-properties.com/newsletters/february2014/ |title= JK Properties Newsletter (February 2014), "The Construction of the Heart of Europe Islands is Now Well Underway"|author= |date= February 2014 |publisher= JK Properties |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 60. ^{{cite news|last1=Fahy|first1=Michael|title=Heart of Europe development at The World Islands off Dubai coast takes major step forward {{!}} The National|url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/property/heart-of-europe-development-at-the-world-islands-off-dubai-coast-takes-major-step-forward|work=The National|date=7 December 2016}} External links
6 : Artificial islands of Dubai|Archipelagoes of the United Arab Emirates|Nakheel Properties|Proposed buildings and structures in Dubai|World maps|Maps in art |
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