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词条 William Dunkin (judge)
释义

  1. Life

  2. Works

  3. Family

  4. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}

Sir William Dunkin (died 1807)[1] was an Irish barrister and judge in Bengal.

Life

Dunkin was admitted to the Middle Temple in 1753, as the eldest son of John Dunkin of Bushfoot, County Antrim;[2] Later he was described as from Clogher, County Antrim.[3] He was High Sheriff of Antrim in 1777.[4] Although he had inherited an estate, he encumbered it with debt, and went to Calcutta to practise as a barrister.[5]

In October 1781 Dunkin was mentioned as on the way to India in a letter from Edmund Burke to Lord George Macartney, two of his friends.[6] There he was a friend of William Hickey.[7] He lived a bachelor life, sharing accommodation with Stephen Cassan, another Irish barrister.[5] In 1788 he set off to go to England in search of a judicial appointment in Calcutta,[8][9] sailing to Europe in December on the Phoenix under Captain Gray.[10]

Dunkin returned to Bengal on the Phoenix in August 1791;[11] he had been appointed a member of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William.[12][13] being knighted in March of that year.[14] The appointment was later attributed to the influence of Henry Dundas.[15] Dunkin had in fact obtained a reluctant support for it from Lord Thurlow. His senior colleague on the court, Robert Chambers, did not welcome it, regarding Dunkin as suspect;[7] further Dunkin and Hickey were allies in opposition to Chambers.[16] Hickey's accounts of Chambers in his memoirs, in relation to Dunkin on the court, have been called partisan and misleading, in particular in relation to a bazaar case where John Hyde was brought from his sickbed in 1796 as a supporting vote by Chambers against Dunkin.[17]

Dunkin resigned from the post in 1797, being replaced by John Royds.[18][19] He had a house in Portman Square, London,[20] where Thomas Reynolds knew him as one of a set of wealthy returnees from India;[21] and died at The Polygon, Southampton in 1807.[1]

Works

When Sir William Jones died in 1794, Dunkin wrote a Latin epitaph, used on his tomb in Calcutta.[22][23][24] An English paraphrase was later made by Eyles Irwin.[25]

Family

Dunkin married Elizabeth or Eliza Blacker (1739–1822), daughter of William Blacker (1709–1783), in 1764.[26][27][28] Their eldest daughter Letitia married Sir Francis Workman Macnaghten, having a family of 16 children, among them William Hay Macnaghten.[29][30] When Dunkin clashed with William Burroughs, attorney-general in Bengal from 1792, Francis Macnaghten tried to challenge Burroughs to a duel, and then to have him disbarred.[31] Through the marriage, the Macnaghtens acquired the Dunkin family house at Bushmills.[32]

Of Dunkin's other children, his daughter Jane married Richard William Wake, son of Sir William Wake, 8th Baronet,[33] and his daughter Rachel married John Bladen Taylor, the Member of Parliament for {{constlk|Hythe}}, as her second husband, the first being George Elliott of Bengal.[34][35] The youngest daughter, Matilda, married Valentine Conolly, son of William Conolly.[36][37]

Hickey mentions two sons. One, Edward, came to Bengal with his father in 1791, in his late teens but suffered from fits.[11] According to Hickey, he returned to Europe and died young.[38] He also makes Captain John Dunkin (John Henry Dunkin) of the 8th Light Dragoons a brother of Letitia.[39]

References

1. ^1 {{cite book|title=The Gentleman's Magazine: 1807|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9LpCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA383|year=1807|publisher=E. Cave|page=383}}
2. ^Register of Admissions to the Middle Temple, p. 341
3. ^{{cite book|author1=Edmund Lodge|author2=Anne Innes|author3=Eliza Innes|author4=Maria Innes|title=The peerage and baronetage of the British empire as at present existing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_BIwAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA734|year=1860|publisher=Hurst and Blackett|page=734}}
4. ^High Sheriffs of the County of Antrim, Ulster Journal of Archaeology Second Series, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Apr., 1905) , pp. 78-83, at p. 82. Published by: Ulster Archaeological Society. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20566218
5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/memoirshickey03hickuoft#page/260/mode/2up|title=Memoirs of William Hickey|volume=3|pages=261–2|work=Internet Archive|accessdate=21 March 2015}}
6. ^{{cite book|author=Edmund Burke|title=The Correspondence of Edmund Burke|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iuvtKIUhA3QC&pg=PA13|year=1978|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-21024-9|volume=10|page=13 note 4}}
7. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Thomas M. Curley|author2=Samuel Johnson|title=Sir Robert Chambers: Law, Literature, and Empire in the Age of Johnson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJ44vSvtx6IC&pg=PA485|year=1998|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-15150-8|page=485}}
8. ^{{cite book|author1=Jeremiah P. Losty|author2=British Library|title=Calcutta: city of palaces: a survey of the city in the days of the East India Company, 1690-1858|page=61|year=1990|publisher=British Library}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/memoirshickey03hickuoft#page/328/mode/2up|title=Memoirs of William Hickey|volume=3|pages=329–30|work=Internet Archive|accessdate=21 March 2015}}
10. ^{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/memoirshickey03hickuoft#page/340/mode/2up|title=Memoirs of William Hickey|volume=3|page=341|work=Internet Archive|accessdate=21 March 2015|publisher=London Hurst & Blackett}}
11. ^1 {{cite book|author=William Hickey|title=Memoirs of William Hickey|volume=4 1790-1809)|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8vUAAAAMAAJ|year=1925|publisher=A. A. Knopf}}
12. ^{{cite book|title=The Annual Register|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2k9AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA53|year=1824|publisher=J. Dodsley|page=53}}
13. ^{{cite book|title=The Bengal almanac, for 1827, compiled by S. Smith and co|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P_cNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR21|year=1827|page=xxi}}
14. ^{{cite book|author=Andrew Kippis|title=The New Annual Register, Or General Repository of History, Politics, and Literature: To which is Prefixed, a Short Review of the Principal Transactions of the Present Reign|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DyPTAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA61|year=1792|publisher=s.n.|page=61}}
15. ^{{cite book|title=The Universal Magazine of Knowledge and Pleasure|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1gUYAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA34|year=1811|publisher=J. Hinton|page=34}}
16. ^{{cite book|author1=Thomas M. Curley|author2=Samuel Johnson|title=Sir Robert Chambers: Law, Literature, and Empire in the Age of Johnson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJ44vSvtx6IC&pg=PA501|year=1998|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-15150-8|page=501}}
17. ^{{cite book|author1=Thomas M. Curley|author2=Samuel Johnson|title=Sir Robert Chambers: Law, Literature, and Empire in the Age of Johnson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJ44vSvtx6IC&pg=PA508|year=1998|publisher=Univ of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-15150-8|page=508}}
18. ^{{cite book|author1=William Cooke Taylor|author2=P. J. Mackenna|title=Ancient and modern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KqM428VSAOMC&pg=PA524|year=1857|publisher=James Madden|pages=524}}
19. ^{{cite book|author=Robert Beatson|title=A Political Index to the Histories of Great Britain & Ireland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPUnAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA283|year=1806|publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme|page=283}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oldbaileyonline.org/browse.jsp?div=t18061203-52|title=Central Criminal Court Records, WILLIAM HALSGROVE, ESTHER SIMONS, Theft, 3rd December 1806|accessdate=21 March 2015}}
21. ^{{cite book|author=Thomas Reynolds|title=The Life of Thomas Reynolds, Esq: Formerly of Kilkea Castle, in the County of Kildare : in Two Volumes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_SY6AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA237|year=1839|publisher=Hooper|pages=237–}}
22. ^{{cite book|title=The Monthly Mirror, vol. VII|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9MsPAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA284|year=1799|page=284}}
23. ^{{cite book|author=Hugh James Rose|title=A new general biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vuA8AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA38|year=1857|publisher=T. Fellowes|page=38}}
24. ^{{cite book|title=La Décade philosophique, littéraire et politique|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wYgNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA353|publisher=J.B. Say|page=353}}
25. ^{{cite book|author=William Ouseley|title=The Oriental Collections: Consisting of Original Essays and Dissertations, Translations and Miscellaneous Papers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CIBl1tzojSkC&pg=PA159|date=21 March 2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-05641-0|page=159}}
26. ^{{cite book|author=John Burke|title=A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Univested with Heritable Honours|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RgpBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA51|year=1835|publisher=H. Colburn|page=51}}
27. ^{{cite book|author=Edmund Burke|title=The Correspondence of Edmund Burke|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iuvtKIUhA3QC&pg=PA298|year=1978|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-21024-9|page=298}}
28. ^{{cite book|title=The Gentleman's and London Magazine: Or Monthly Chronologer, 1741-1794|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j_cRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA524|year=1741|publisher=J. Exshaw.|page=524}}
29. ^{{cite ODNB|id=17705|title=Macnaghten, Sir William Hay|last=Katherine|first=Prior}}
30. ^{{cite book|last1=Debrett|first1=John|title=The baronetage of England. revised, corrected and continued by G.W. Collen|pages=366|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=mvIDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA366|year=1840}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/burroughs-william-1753-1829|title=Burroughs, William (?1753-1829), of Castle Bagshaw, co. Cavan, History of Parliament Online|accessdate=20 March 2015}}
32. ^Bushmills Conservation Area (PDF)
33. ^{{cite book|title=Debrett's Baronetage of England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jrs7AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA59|year=1828|publisher=C. and J. Rivington|page=59}}
34. ^{{cite book|author=Bernard Burke|title=A genealogical and heraldic history of the landed gentry of Great Britain & Ireland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FIcTAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA322|publisher=Рипол Классик|isbn=978-5-88372-227-0|page=322|year=1906}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/taylor-john-bladen-1764-1820|title=Taylor, John Bladen (1764-1820), History of Parliament Online|accessdate=20 March 2015}}
36. ^{{cite book|title=The European Magazine, and London Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v7E2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA422|year=1802|publisher=Philological Society of London|page=422}}
37. ^{{cite book|title=The European Magazine|volume=56, July to December, 1809|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8gPAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA355|year=1809|page=355}}
38. ^Hickey, Memoirs IV p. 45.
39. ^Hickey, Memoirs IV p. 192.
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