“Bar (diacritic)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Bar (diacritic)

释义

Latin alphabet
Currency symbols
Other symbols
Mathematical symbol
Greek alphabet
Cyrillic alphabet
Cherokee alphabet
Vai alphabet
Georgian alpabet
Baybayin alphabet
Arabic script
Armenian alphabet
Limbu alphabet
Lepcha alphabet
Chinese orthography
Arrow symbols
Japanese orthography
Korean orthography
Coptic alphabet
Osaga alphabet
Bamum alphabet
Musical symbols
Roman numbers
Number digits
See also
References
External links

A bar or stroke is a modification consisting of a line drawn through a grapheme. It may be used as a diacritic to derive new letters from old ones, or simply as an addition to make a grapheme more distinct from others. It can take the form of a vertical bar, slash, or crossbar.

A stroke is sometimes drawn through the numbers 7 (horizontal overbar) and 0 (overstruck foreslash), to make them more distinguishable from the number 1 and the letter O, respectively.

For the specific usages of various letters with bars and strokes, see their individual articles.

In Unicode, there are bars at {{Unichar|0335|COMBINING SHORT STROKE OVERLAY|cwith=◌}}, {{Unichar|0336|COMBINING LONG STROKE OVERLAY|cwith=◌}}, {{Unichar|0337|COMBINING SHORT SOLIDUS OVERLAY|cwith=◌}}, and {{Unichar|0338|COMBINING LONG SOLIDUS OVERLAY|cwith=◌}}.

Latin alphabet

A → Ⱥ ⱥ
B → Ƀ ƀ, ᴃ, ᴯ, ␢
C → Ȼ ȼ, Ꞓ ꞓ, Ꞇ ꞇ
D → Ð ð, Đ đ, Ɖ ɖ, ꝱ
E → Ɇ ɇ, ꬳ
F → Ꞙ ꞙ
G → Ǥ ǥ, Ꞡ ꞡ
H → Ħ ħ, ꟸ
I → Ɨ ɨ, ᵻ, ᶤ, ᶧ
J → Ɉ ɉ, ɟ, ʄ, ᶡ
K → Ꝁ ꝁ, Ꝃ ꝃ, Ꝅ ꝅ, Ꞣ ꞣ
L → Ł ł, Ƚ ƚ, ᴌ, Ⱡ ⱡ, Ꝉ ꝉ, ꝲ
N → Ꞥ ꞥ, ꝴ
O → Ø ø, Ǿ ǿ, ᴓ, ᶱ, ᷭ, ꬾ, Ꝋ ꝋ, Ɵ ɵ
ɔ → ꬿ
P → Ᵽ ᵽ, Ꝑ ꝑ, Þ þ
Q → Ꝗ ꝗ, Ꝙ ꝙ
R → Ɍ ɍ, Ꞧ ꞧ, ꝶ ꝵ
S → ẜ, ẝ, Ꞩ ꞩ, Ꝿ ꝿ
T → Ŧ ŧ, Ⱦ ⱦ, ꝷ
U → Ʉ ʉ, Ꞹ ꞹ, ᵾ, ᶶ, ᷰ
V → Ꝟ ꝟ
X → ꭕ ꭙ
Y → Ɏ ɏ
Z → Ƶ ƶ
Þ → Ꝥ ꝥ, Ꝧ ꝧ
Ɂ → ʡ, ƾ, ʢ
2 → ƻ, Ꝝ ꝝ
3 → Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ
5 → Ƽ ƽ, Ᵹ
6 → Ƅ ƅ
ɑ → ꬰ (Latin equivalent of Greek letter alpha)
ɩ → ᵼ
λ → ƛ
ʊ → ᵿ
ℎ → ℏ
m → ꝳ
o → ɸ
ꭎ → ꭏ
ǀ → ǂ, Ⱶ ⱶ, Ꝩ ꝩ
∪ → Ʊ ʊ
∩ → Ω ꭥ
ʃ → ʄ
ʒ → ɮ
⊔ → ꟺ, Ɥ
AV → Ꜻ ꜻ
ᴔ → ꭁ, ꭂ
ꭃ → ꭄ
Ꞁ → ꟻ
TH → ᵺ

Currency symbols

A → ₳
B → ฿, ₿
C → ₵, ₡
c → ¢, ￠
d → ₫
E → €
F → ₣
G → ₲
H → 𐆙
HS → 𐆘
г → ₴
K → ₭
L → £, ₤, ₺, ￡
ლ →₾
m → ₥
N → ₦
P → ₱
Р → ₽
ᒉ → ֏
S → $, ＄
T → ₮
V → 𐆗
W → ₩, ￦
X → 𐆖
Y → ¥, ￥
र → ₹
ঢ → ৳
រ → ៛
∩ → ₼
߾ → ߘ
߿ → ߕ
/ → 𐆚
৹ → ¤

Other symbols

✓ → ⍻, √, ∛, ∜, ⎷
○ → ∅, ⦰, ⊖, ⌽, ⍉, ⊗, ⦵, ⦶, ⦸, ⨂, ᳁, ⏀
□ → ⊟, ⍁, ⍂, ⊠, 〼, ◫, ⎅, ⟤, ⟥
△ → ⏃, ⍋
▽ → ⍒
| → † ‡, ⯒, ⥠, ⥜, ⥡, ⥝, ⫞, ⸶, ⸷, ⸸, ⏉, ⏊, ⏋, ⏌, ⟊, ⟙, ⟘, ┼, ⟂, ⨡, ⫮, ┌, ┐, ┘, └
= → ⌶
◠ → ⌓
⊖ → ⊕, ⨁
⊟ → ⊞
/ → ⌿, ✓, ✗, ^, <, ∨
\\ → ⍀, ╳, >, ∧
∪ → ⍦, ⩌, ⫝
⊂ → ⍧
〹 → #
⊃ → ℈
∩ → ⋔, ⩍, ⫙, ⫛
· → ⍿
[ → ⁅
] → ⁆
▭ → ⏛
⏆ → ⏇, ⏈
◊ → ⟠
⏗ → ⌴, ⏘
‖ → ⫲, ⫪, ⫫
⫴ → ⫵
᳃ → ⌕, ⟜, ⟟
᭴ → ᭶
᭵ → ᭷
᭸ → ᭺, ᭹, ⏗, ⎲, ⎳
᭹ → ᭻
⸏ → ⸐, ⸑
⌴ → ⏙, ▭, ⍽
◇ → ⎏, ⎐
ꛛ → ⎍, ▯
⏀ → ⏁, ⏂, ⌖, ⍎, ⍕, ⎈
◁ → ⩤
⏃ → ⏄, ⏅
▷ → ⌲, ⩥
⎯ → ⟝, ⟞
⎏ → ⎑
⎐ → ⎒
There are also around fifty Unicode symbols that use {{Unichar|0338|COMBINING LONG SOLIDUS OVERLAY|cwith=◌}} in their decomposition.^[1] for example, {{Unichar|2260|NOT EQUAL TO}}.

Mathematical symbol

− → +, ¬, ⊤, ⊥, ⫟, ⫠, ∠, ∡, ⨧, ⨢
+ → ⧺, ⨨
~ → ≁, ⍭, ⏆
= → ≠, ⫭, ⫬
≈ → ≉
× → ⋉, ⋊, ⋈, ⨲
∣ → ∤, ⫮
⍭ → ⫳
⊂ → ∈, ⊄, ⋲, ⫏
⊃ → ∋, ⊅, ⋺, ⫐
< → ≮, ⊲, ◅, ◁, ⪪, ⪬, ⨞
> → ≯, ⊳, ▻, ▷, ⪫, ⪭
∧ → ∆, △, ⩚, ⩜
∨ → ∇, ∀, ▽, ⩛, ⩝
⧺ → ⋕, ⧻
┘ → ⊐, ⨆
∈ → ∉, ⋳ ⋴
∋ → ∌, ⋻ ⋼
⊢ → ⊨, ⊬, ⫦
X → ∗
∥ → ∦
≍ → ≭
| → ⊢, ⊣, ⟊, ⊺, ⩘, ⩗
≤ → ≰
≥ → ≱
≦ → ≨
≧ → ≩
≲ → ≴, ⋦
≳ → ≵, ⋧
≡ → ≢, ⫢
≅ → ≇, ≆
≃ → ≄
⎯ → ⟝, ⟞
‖→ ∏, ∐
⊦ → ⊧
⊨ → ⊭
∃ → ∄
┐ → ⊓, ◹
≶ → ≸
≷ → ≹
／ → ⋌
＼ → ⋋
≺ → ⊀
≻ → ⊁
⊓ → □
⊆ → ⊈, ⊊
⊇ → ⊉, ⊋
⊩ → ⊫, ⊮
⊣ → ⫤
⊲ → ⋪
⊳ → ⋫
⊴ → ⋬
⊵ → ⋭
⋞ → ⋠
⋟ → ⋡
⊑ → ⋢, ⋤
⊒ → ⋣, ⋥
≾ → ⋨
≿ → ⋩
⊏ → ⋿
⊐ → ∃
∟ → ⟀, ⊏, ⊔, ◺
⫝ → ⫝̸
⫛ → ⫚
⫅ → ⫋
⫆ → ⫌
∠ → ◿
⋋ → ⨉
┌ → ◸, ⨅
⊤ → ⫪
⊥ → ⫫

Greek alphabet

ρ → ϼ
F → Ϝ ϝ
Κ → Ϗ ⳤ
Ο → Ϙ ϙ
Ρ → Ϸ ϸ
U → Ψ ψ
Λ → Δ
0 → θ
∩ → Ω, Ω
∪ → ℧
ǀ → Ͱ ͱ

Cyrillic alphabet

Г → Ғ ғ, Ӻ ӻ, Ґ ґ
А → Ѧ ѧ
С → Є є
Н → Ҥ ҥ
К → Ҝ ҝ, Ҟ ҟ, Ԟ ԟ, Ҡ ҡ
М → Ꙧ ꙧ
О → Ө ө, Ӫ ӫ, Ф ф, Ѻ ѻ
Ө → Ꚛ ꚛ
Р → Ҏ ҏ
U → Ѱ ѱ
Х → Ӿ ӿ
Ү → Ұ ұ
Ꙁ → Ꙃ ꙃ
Ↄ → Э э
Л → Ꙥ ꙥ
/ → ҂
З → Ӡ ӡ
Д → Ꙣ ꙣ
Һ → Ћ ћ
Ч → Ҹ ҹ
⊔ → Ш ш, Џ џ
Ц → Ҵ ҵ, Щ щ
∆ → Ꙙ ꙙ
Ь → Ҍ ҍ, Ѣ ѣ

Cherokee alphabet

Г → Ꮁ
A → Ꭺ
B → Ᏼ
C → Ꮯ, Ꮳ
D → Ꭰ
d → Ꮷ
E → Ꭼ
G → Ꮐ, Ꮆ
H → Ꮋ
h → Ꮒ
I → Ꮖ
J → Ꭻ
K → Ꮶ
L → Ꮮ
M → Ꮇ
O → Ꮎ
P → Ꮲ
R → Ꭱ
S → Ꮪ
Ꮪ → Ꭶ, Ꮥ
T → Ꭲ
U → Ꮜ
W → Ꮃ, Ꮤ
Z → Ꮓ
Ь → Ꮟ
4 → Ꮞ
Ⱶ → Ꮀ
∩ → Ꮑ, Ꭿ
OI → Ꮊ

Vai alphabet

ꔉ → ꔊ
ꔌ → ꔍ
ꕀ → ꕚ, ꕌ, ꕍ, ꗻ, ꗼ, ꗽ
ꔎ → ꔏ
ꔝ → ꔜ
ꔰ → ꔯ
ꘃ → ꘆ, ꘇ
‖ → ꔠ
S → ꕶ
6 → ꔿ
8 → ꗉ
ꗉ → ꗊ
ꖙ → ꖗ
ꔖ → ꖦ, ꖧ
ꖤ → ꖥ
ꖨ → ꖫ, ꖱ
ꖱ → ꖲ
ꖗ → ꖚ
ꕶ → ꗟ
ꕽ → ꕾ
ㅁ → ꕼ
ꖕ → ꖖ
ꗿ → ꘂ
ꘄ → ꘅ
x → ꘎
ꕚ → ꕽ, ꘃ
ꗽ → ꗾ
22 → ꗠ

Georgian alpabet

C → Ⴚ
J → Ⴐ
P → Ⴒ
O → ტ
U → Ⴎ, Ⴤ
X → Ⴟ

Baybayin alphabet

ᜌ → ᜋ, ᜉ
≈ → ᜃ
ʒ → ᜂ
∩ → ᜄ, ᜈ
ᝬ → ᝩ, ᝫ
ᝯ → ᝧ
/ → ᝣ
◠ → ᝨ

Arabic script

Lām → ݪ، ࢦ
Rāʾ → ݛ
Wāw → ۅ

Armenian alphabet

յ → ֈ
Ո → Ռ ռ
ᒉ → Պ, Ղ ղ, Դ դ,
U → Մ, Վ վ
ᒐ → Ե ե, Կ կ, և
Ր → Ը ը, Բ բ, Ի ի
C → Շ
Լ → Է է
Օ → Փ
Տ → Ֆ ֆ
ρ → Ք ք
| → Լ լ

Limbu alphabet

ᤁ → ᤏ, ᤔ
ч → ᤄ, ᤘ
∪ → ᤙ
u → ᤂ
Ɛ → ᤉ
5 → ᤍ
7 → ᤁ, ᤖ
/ → ᥈, ᥊
\\ → ᥎

Lepcha alphabet

ᰃ → ᰄ
ᰓ → ᰟ
ʊ → ᰝ
o → ᰆ
ƨ → ᰣ
\\ → ᰞ, ᰽, ᰾
≍ → ᰌ
⊃ → ᱂
3 → ᱃
ᱍ → ᱎ

Chinese orthography

一 → 十, 〦, 艹, 〸, ㇗, ㇘, ㇞, 亠, ㇖
人 → 大, 入
了 → 子, 孒, 孑
凵 → 山, 屮, 廿, 囗
工 → 王, 㠪, 𠀄
丁 → 于
囗 → 日, 曰, 中, 🈩
十 → 千, 士, 卍, 卐, 𠀆
匚 → 匸
冂 → 巾, 𠔼, 𠔾, ㆬ
廿 → 甘
开 → 并
厶 → ㄊ, 去, 𠫓, 𠫔
儿 → 兀, 元, 几
土 → 
山 → 丗
丄 → 上
丅 → 下, 干
二 → 土, 〧, 牛, 半, 㐄, 圡, 𡈽
川 → 卅, 〺
〹 → ＃, 龷
日 → 田, 甴, 𠁣, 目, 白, 🈔
三 → 丰, 龶, 〨
廾 → 井, 𢌭, 𢌬
円 → 冉
氏 → 民
乛 → 龴
兀 → 开
乚 → ⼔, 𠤎
〢 → 卄, 卝, 〹
田 → 由, 甲, 申, 曲, 甶
⺵ → 皿
木 → 夫, 末, 夭, 本, 天, 未, 太
㇟ → 七, 匕, 𠤎
士 → 壬
㠪 → 正
𠃎 → コ
⺄ → ⺇
⺆ → 丹, 月
丨 → 丅, 丄, 亻, ㇅, ㇙, ㇚, 卜, ⺊, 𠃎, 𠃍
七 → 乇
ノ → 乂, 丆, ㇇, ㄨ, 㐅
未 → 耒
彡 → 丯
区 → 龱
几 → 凢, 凣
去 → 丟, 丢
干 → 午
屮 → 㞢
乙 → 𠃉
厂 → 广, ㄬ
乂 → 又, 丈, ㆨ
㇉ → 丂
米 → 来
巳 → 巴, 𢀳
上 → 㠪
㇢ → 乄
⺇ → 兀
幵 → 并
艮 → 良良
刀 → 刄
卝 → 㐀
下 → 卞
乇 → 毛
屮 → 㞢
巾 → 币
𠔼 → 円, 冃, 𠕂, 冄, 冊, 𠕂
非 → 韭
尸 → 戶, 户, 尺
丂 → 亐
㇈ → 九
用 → 甪
𠃌 → 冂, ⼑, ⼒, ⺆, ⼓
𠃊 → 凵, 匚, 𠃑
九 → 丸
亅 → 丁, 𠃌
㇜ → 厶, ㆸ
冉 → 再, 再
△ → 㐃
卝 → 㐀
＃ → 𠀎
㇇ → 𠂊, ヲ
肀 → 𦘒, ⺻
亘 → 車, 車
コ → 彐, 口
斤 → 丘, 斥
回 → 叵
冊 → 𠕁
匹 → 四, 西
𫝀 → 五
㇉ → 丂, 𠀁
圼 → 里
再 → 𠕋
兀 → ㆭ
七 → ㆤ
井 → 丼
𠄠 → ㆲ, 士
亖 → 圭
白 → 百
勿 → 匆
𠂊 → 夕, ㄆ
弓 → 弔
𦘒 → 聿
龱 → 囟
𠔼 → 𠔾
吕 → 呂, 㠯, 昌, 串
西 → 酉
目 → 自, 且, 🈪
𠫓 → 去
虫 → 䖝
昌 → 畕, 畠
心 → 必
王 → 主
品 → 晶
皿 → 血
㠯 → 𠂤
畀 → 畁
⺔ → 互
乃 → 及
己 → 已, 巳
輜 → 輺
晶 → 畾
匡 → 囯
月 → 用
ㄕ → 尸
〷 → 双
ꘈ → 卌, 𠦌
〇 → ㊀
㊀ → ㊉
㊁ → ㊂, ㊏
＼ → ＞
／ → ＜

Arrow symbols

< → ←, ⟵, ￩
> → →, ⟶, ￫
∧ → ↑, ￪
∨ → ↓, ￬
┌ → ↖
┐ → ⭎, ↗
┘ → ⭏, ↘
└ → ↙
← → ⇷, ⇺, ↚, ↤, ↵, ↰, ↲, ⟻, ⍅
→ → ⇸, ⇻, ↛, ↦, ↱, ↳, ⟼, ⍆
↑ → ⇞, ↥, ⬑, ⬏, ⤈, ⤉, ⍏
↓ → ⇟, ↧, ↴, ⬐, ⬎, ⍖
↔ → ⇹, ⇼, ↮
⇒ → ⇛, ⇏, ⟾
⇐ → ⇏, ⇚, ⟽
⇔ → ⇎

Japanese orthography

ニ → エェｪ, キｷ
フ → ヲｦ, ワヮ, クｸ, マﾏ
ワ → ウゥｳ
丨 → イィｨ, トㇳ
し → ヒㇶ, モ
コ → ヨョﾖ, ユユﾕ, ロㇿﾛ
の → め
ら → ち
つ → と, て, り
㐅 → 〆
し → も
ㄦ → ㄫ
ノ → メﾒ, 〤
屮 → ㄓ, ㄭ
ー → ヿ, ㄒ
ヿ → コｺ
ク → 〩, 々

Korean orthography

ㅡ → ㅜ, ㅗ ￓ
ㅗ → ㅛ ￒ
ㅜ → ㅠ ￗ
ㅣ → ㅏ ￂ, ㅓ ￆ
ㅏ → ㅑ ￄ
ㅓ → ㅕ ￊ

Coptic alphabet

Ⲥ → Ⲉ ⲉ
Ⲕ → Ϗ ⳤ
Ⲟ → Ⲑ ⲑ, Ⲫ ⲫ
Ⲣ → Ⳁ ⳁ, ⳨
ϒ → Ⲯ ⲯ
Ϩ → Ⳉ ⳉ
Ⲭ → Ϫ ϫ, Ⳮ ⳮ
Ⲇ → Ⳛ ⳛ
Ⳅ → Ⲝ ⲝ
Ⲽ → Ⲿ ⲿ
Ⲻ → Ⲳ ⲳ
> → Ⲹ ⲹ

Osaga alphabet

C → 𐒿 𐓧, 𐓆 𐓮
D → 𐓰 𐓰
h → 𐓍 𐓵
Ƨ → 𐓊 𐓲
7 → 𐓏 𐓷
/ → 𐓏 𐓺
𐒰 → 𐒳 𐓛
𐒵 → 𐒶 𐓞
𐒹 → 𐒺 𐓢
𐒼 → 𐒽 𐓥
𐓄 → 𐓅 𐓭
𐓈 → 𐓉 𐓱
𐓊 → 𐓋 𐓳, 𐓌 𐓴
∩ → 𐓐 𐓸
∪ → 𐓑 𐓹

Bamum alphabet

Г → ꛛ
C → ꛢ
U → ꚵ
V → ꚴ, ꚲ
X → 𖦑
1 → ꛋ, ꛙ, ꛨ, ꛬ
7 → ꚧ, ꛉ
ǀ → ꚱ, 𖡩, 𖨕
ꛫ → ꛍ, ꛭ
⊐ → ꛞ
Ꞁ → ꛣ, 𖨉
/ → ꛎ, ꛟ
\\ → ꛇ
− → ꚨ
𖧹 → 𖡡
∗ → 𖤮
⊳ → ꚰ
⊲ → ꛄ
∧ → 𖧥, 𖨬, 𖤽, 𖦡, 𖦢
∨ → ꛷, 𖡔
𖥵 → ꛔ, 𖨅
⏀ → 𖦏
⊓ → 𖥭
○ → 𖥞
□ → 𖤺
⬯ → 𖦛, 𖨦, 𖣣
▯ → 𖥅
ꛁ → ꛀ, ꚿ
ꚰ → ꛠ
ꛛ → ꛖ
𖣣 → 𖨷
𠃑 → ꚾ

Musical symbols

♫ → ♬
𝅝 → 𝅗𝅥
♩♩ → ♫
D → ♭, 𝄬, 𝄭
□ → ♮, 𝄮, 𝄯
〹 → ♯, 𝄰, 𝄱
⬬ → ♩, ♪, 𝄾, 𝄿, 𝅘𝅥, 𝅘𝅥𝅮, 𝅘𝅥𝅯
▬ → 𝄻, 𝄼

Roman numbers

C → ↅ
O → ↀ
𐆓 → 𐆔
v → ↆ

Number digits

0 → ∅
1 → ⥠

References

1. ^{{Cite web | title = Unicode Data 12.0.0 | url = https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/UnicodeData.txt | accessdate = 2019-03-05}}

External links

Diacritics Project: All you need to design a font with correct accents
Orthographic diacritics

3 : Diacritics|Specific Polish letters|Latin-script diacritics

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