| 词条 | Official Ireland |
| 释义 |
"Official Ireland" ({{Lang-ga|Éire Oifigiúil}}[1][2][3]) is a term widely used in the Republic of Ireland to denote The Establishment. It refers to the most powerful figures in the media, the Catholic Church, and the political parties, who control the national debate. It generally denotes support for Irish nationalism, private property, the Catholic Church, the Irish language and rural life.[4][5][6][7][8][9][4] HistoryThe term was first used by footballer and journalist Eamon Dunphy.[10][11][12][13] Dr. Elaine Byrne has said "Official Ireland is predominantly male, over 50 and earners over €100,000. For the most part, it includes the speakers at this MacGill summer school and those that attend it. Official Ireland is characterised by the sameness of people in positions of power which means a uniformity of decision-making. This closed-minded conformism dismisses and belittles anyone who opposes the group consensus."[14] David McWilliams has repeatedly criticised "Official Ireland"'s response to the Great Recession.[15]Jonathan Sugarman used the term in 2017.[16][17]References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://tuairisc.ie/an-tuachtaran-le-homos-a-leiriu-don-bhreitheamh-hardiman-ag-comhdhail-na-gcoimisineiri-teanga-anocht/|title=An tUachtarán le hómós a léiriú don Bhreitheamh Hardiman ag Comhdháil na gCoimisinéirí Teanga anocht|publisher=}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/cnag/docs/ag_deileail_le_frithghaelachas/21|title=Ag Déileáil le FrithGhaelachas - Colm Ó Broin - 2010|publisher=}} 3. ^http://www.gaeilgesanastrail.com/docs/anl059.pdf 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=EU4NqA7RIHUC&pg=PA426&dq=%22Official+Ireland%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHh9qjz9HTAhVJCcAKHQ3eBSwQ6AEIMTAC#v=onepage&q=%22Official+Ireland%22&f=false|title=A Sociology of Ireland|first1=Hilary|last1=Tovey|first2=Perry|last2=Share|date=1 January 2003|publisher=Gill & Macmillan Ltd|via=Google Books}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=Oo-u0p31yjQC&pg=PA121&dq=%22Official+Ireland%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHh9qjz9HTAhVJCcAKHQ3eBSwQ6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=%22Official+Ireland%22&f=false|title=Re-imagining Ireland|first=Andrew Higgins|last=Wyndham|date=1 January 2006|publisher=University of Virginia Press|via=Google Books}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=qFCgBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA163&dq=%22Official+Ireland%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHh9qjz9HTAhVJCcAKHQ3eBSwQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=%22Official+Ireland%22&f=false|title=Rethinking Northern Ireland: Culture, Ideology and Colonialism|first=David|last=Miller|date=25 September 2014|publisher=Routledge|via=Google Books}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=vuH4AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT194&dq=%22Official+Ireland%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHh9qjz9HTAhVJCcAKHQ3eBSwQ6AEISTAG#v=onepage&q=%22Official+Ireland%22&f=false|title=Ireland in Brick and Stone: The Island's History in Its Buildings|first=Richard|last=Killeen|date=19 September 2012|publisher=Gill & Macmillan Ltd|via=Google Books}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=IBXwDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT10&dq=%22Official+Ireland%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHh9qjz9HTAhVJCcAKHQ3eBSwQ6AEITzAH#v=onepage&q=%22Official+Ireland%22&f=false|title=The Books That Define Ireland|first1=Bryan|last1=Fanning|first2=Tom|last2=Garvin|date=3 March 2014|publisher=Merrion Press|via=Google Books}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=FagYDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA54&dq=%22Official+Ireland%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHh9qjz9HTAhVJCcAKHQ3eBSwQ6AEIVjAI#v=onepage&q=%22Official+Ireland%22&f=false|title=Writing Ireland's Working Class: Dublin After O'Casey|first=M.|last=Pierse|date=30 April 2016|publisher=Springer|via=Google Books}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/when-john-waters-met-eamon-dunphy-1.1554145|title=When John Waters met Eamon Dunphy|publisher=}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/dunphy-baby-you-ve-clearly-jumped-the-fence-1.524162|title=Dunphy baby, you've clearly jumped the fence|publisher=}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.soccer-ireland.com/football-books/irish/rocky-road.htm|title=The Rocky Road : Eamon Dunphy : Autobiography : Book Review|website=www.soccer-ireland.com}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.ie/lifestyle/controversial-selection-dunphys-starting-eleven-26623210.html|title=Controversial Selection dunphy's Starting Eleven - Independent.ie|publisher=}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.macgillsummerschool.com/official-ireland/|title=OFFICIAL IRELAND - MacGill Summer School|website=www.macgillsummerschool.com}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.ie/opinion/columnists/david-mcwilliams/david-mcwilliams-official-ireland-got-this-horribly-wrong-there-is-no-plan-b-34831972.html|title=David McWilliams: Official Ireland got this horribly wrong, there is no Plan B - Independent.ie|publisher=}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/official-ireland-has-absolutely-and-completely-destroyed-the-lives-of-every-single-whistleblower-1.3047523|title=► VIDEO: 'Official Ireland has absolutely and completely destroyed the lives of every single whistleblower'|website=www.irishtimes.com}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/whistleblower-jonathan-sugarman-oireachtas-3338696-Apr2017/|title='Official Ireland has destroyed the lives of every person who's come forward' - Banking whistleblower testifies to Oireachtas|first=Paul|last=Hosford|publisher=}} 4 : Ethnic groups in Ireland|Political terminology|Oligarchy|Politics of the Republic of Ireland |
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