“Bhiwani district”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Bhiwani district is one of the 22 districts of the northern Indian state of Haryana. Created on 22{{nbsp}}December 1972, the district was the largest district of the state by area, before the creation of Charkhi Dadri as a separate district, as it occupied an area of {{convert|5140|km2|mi2}} and administered 442 villages with a population of 1,629,109. Sirsa is now the largest district of the state.

The district headquarters is the city of Bhiwani, which is around {{convert|124|km}} from the national capital Delhi. Other major towns in the district are Siwani, Loharu, Tosham, Bawani Khera, Kohlawas, Lamba.^[1] In 1997, Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 763 collided with Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907 in the skies over the district and more than 350 people were killed. There were no casualties on the ground though.

As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Haryana (out of 21), after Faridabad and Hisar.^[2]

History

Pre-Indus Valley Civilization mine, smelt and houses have been found at Khanak hills of Tosham Hill range.^[3] Excavations (1968–73 and 1980–86) in the village of Mitathal in Bhiwani have unearthed evidence of pre-Harappan and Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization) culture in the area. Near the village of Naurangabad, about {{convert|10|km}} east of Bhiwani city, preliminary diggings in 2001 revealed artifacts including coins, tools, sieves, toys, statues and pots up to 2,500 years old. According to archaeologists the presence of coins, coin moulds, statues and design of the houses, suggests that a town existed here sometimes in the Kushan, Gupta and the Youdheya period till 300 BC.

Bhiwani city is mentioned in the Ain-i-Akbari and has been a prominent centre of commerce since the time of the Mughals.

Divisions

The district comprises four sub-divisions: Bhiwani, Loharu, Siwani and Tosham. These sub-divisions are further divided into five Tehsils: Bhiwani, Loharu, Siwani, Bawani Khera and Tosham and one sub-tehsil, Behal.

There are five Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district: Bhiwani, Loharu, Bawani Khera, Tosham and Bawani Khera. Bawani Khera is part of the Hisar (Lok Sabha constituency) while the rest are part of Bhiwani-Mahendragarh (Lok Sabha constituency).

Previously in Bhiwani district, sub-divisions Badhra and Charkhi Dadri and sub-tehsil Bond Kalan became part of the new Charkhi Dadri district in 2016.^[4]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Bhiwani district has a population of 1,629,109,^[2] roughly equal to the nation of Guinea-Bissau^[5] or the US state of Idaho.^[6] This gives it a ranking of 306th in India (out of a total of 640).^[2] The district has a population density of {{convert| 341 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .^[2] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 14.32%.^[2] Bhiwani has a sex ratio of 884 females for every 1000 males,^[2] and a literacy rate of 76.7%.^[2]{{bar box|width=300px|barwidth=250px|cellpadding="0"|title=Religion in Bhiwani district (2011)^[7]|titlebar=#Fcd116|left1=Religion|right1=Percent|float=right|bars={{bar percent|Hinduism|#FF6600|98.57}} {{bar percent|Islam|#009000|0.95}}

Education

University

There is a state university in bhiwani named Chaudhary Bansilal University, established in 2014.

Bhiwani is also about to have M K Hospital, a multi-speciality hospital. It has a helicopter ambulance facility also. There is a far possibility that it becomes a medical college in future.

Religious places

Bhiwani is known for its numerous temples and therefore is also known as Chhota Kashi.{{citation needed|date=September 2011}} A Sri Hari Har temple is there. Pranparthistha of this Shiv temple was done in January 2003. There is a Jain temple in Ranila, 27 km. away from Bhiwani town. There is a Maa Durga temple in Devsar Dhaam. It has its most famous temple called "Jogi Wala Mandir", dedicated to Lord Shiva. It also has "Star Temple" at Dinod, beautifully architectured in the shape of "star"

There is a Shree Shyam Mandir in village Dhareru which is very famous. There is also Baba Mukhram Das(BMD) as well as Baba Baldev Das (BBD) Temple in the Village Umrawat which is very famous'. There are two temples of Baba Chhoranwala in village Tigrana nearest to Bhiwani city. On 5th of initial 5th of SAWAN month every year Mela is being organised, wrestling and many other sports are organised.

Sports

Bhiwani is probably most strongest hub of sports in India. All the sports are played there, mainly Wrestling, Volleyball, Boxing and Running. Lately, Bhiwani has emerged as major centre of Indian boxing as all four boxers representing India at Beijing Olympics 2008 are products of Sports Authority of India (SAI) boxing hostel at Bhiwani. To top that three of them Akhil Kumar, Vijender Kumar and Jitender Kumar reached the quarterfinals of their respective categories. While Akhil Kumar and Jitender Kumar lost in their respective quarterfinals bouts Vijender Kumar qualified to the semifinals thereby ensuring India's first ever Boxing medal (Bronze) in the 2012 Summer Olympics games. Paramjeet Samota who won a gold for India in the 2010 Commonwealth Games also lives in a large village called Dinod in the Bhiwani district. The famous wrestler sisters Geeta Phogat and Babita Kumari too belong to Balali village in Bhiwani.

National Leaders of Bhiwani

Choudhary. Bansi Lal, (former Chief Minister of Haryana, Minister of Defence, Member of Parliament, Member of Legislative Assembly, Dy. Chief Minister, Speaker of Haryana Assembly and Minister in Haryana Cabinet) who also known for his contribution in Bhiwani by establishing many educational institutions like Adarsh Mahila Mahavidyalya (awarded best women college in Haryana), Vaish educations institutes (PG College, schools), Nature Cure Hospital (Prakritik Chikitsalya) Bhiwani and many more charitable and social organisation.

Notable people

Villages

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://bhiwani.nic.in/introduction.asp |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-07-27 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329180311/http://bhiwani.nic.in/introduction.asp |archivedate=29 March 2010 |df=dmy }}
2. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | accessdate = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}
3. ^Ravindra N Singh and Dheerendra P Singh, 2016, "A Note on Metallurgy at KhanaK: An Indus Site in Tosham Mining Area, Haryana", World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Environmental, Chemical, Ecological, Geological and Geophysical Engineering. Vol:10, No:9.
4. ^{{cite news|title=Charki Dadri notified as 22nd district of Haryana|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Charki-Dadri-notified-as-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/55803185.cms|work=The Times of India|date=5 December 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | accessdate = 2011-10-01 | quote = Guinea-Bissau 1,596,677 July 2011 est. }}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |accessdate=2011-09-30 |quote=Idaho 1,567,582 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archivedate=19 October 2013 |df=dmy }}
7. ^http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/220-bhiwani.html