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词条 SS Selah Chamberlain
释义

  1. Selah Chamberlain

  2. History

  3. Final voyage

  4. The Selah Chamberlain today

  5. References

{{short description|Great Lakes freighter that sank on Lake Michigan in 1886}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Selah Chamberlain 3.pngShip caption=The Chamberlain in Cleveland, Ohio
}}{{Infobox ship career		Ship header=Ship name=*Selah ChamberlainUnited States|merchant}}Ship operator=*Alva Bradley 1873–1883[1]
  • Bradley Transportation Company 1883–1886[1]
Ship ordered=United States|civil}}, Cleveland, OhioShip builder=Quayle & Martin[3]Ship yard number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=April 1, 1873[2]Ship identification=U.S. Registry #115147[1]Ship acquired=Ship in service=May 1, 1873[1]Ship out of service=October 13, 1886[1]Ship fate=Sank in a collisionShip notes=}{{Infobox ship characteristicsShip header=Header caption=Ship class=Lake freighter1207.01}}[3]
  • {{NetT|963.98}}[1]
212|ft|m|abbr=on}}[1]34|ft|m|abbr=on}}[1]14.8|ft|m|abbr=on}}[1]Ship draft=Ship power=2 x Scotch marine boilerShip propulsion=Non-condensing engineShip speed=Ship crew=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox NRHP		embed=yesname= SELAH CHAMBERLAIN (bulk carrier) Shipwreck nrhp_type =NRHP image = caption = nearest_city= Sheboygan, Wisconsin43|46|12|N|87|39|24| W|display=inline,title}} location = 2 miles NE of Sheboygan Pt. in Lake Michigan locmapin = Wisconsin#USA area = built = 1873 in Cleveland, Ohio architect= Quayle & Martin architecture= Bulk freighter added = January 7, 2019 governing_body = State refnum=100003288[13] mpsub=Great Lakes Shipwreck Sites of Wisconsin MPS
}}

The SS Selah Chamberlain was a wooden hulled Great Lakes freighter that sank in Lake Michigan in 1886, {{convert|6|mi|km|0}} off the coast of Sheboygan, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States after being rammed by the steamer John Pridgeon Jr. with the loss of five lives.[3] On January 7, 2019, the wreck of the Chamberlain was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and was given the reference number 100003288. She was the first shipwreck listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.[4]

Selah Chamberlain

Selah Chamberlain (May 4, 1812 – December 27, 1890) was a railroad developer involved in the iron industry and banking. He was born in Brattleboro, Vermont on May 4, 1812, to Selah and Abigail (née Burnett) Chamberlain. At the age of 21, he moved to Boston, Massachusetts where he obtained business training as an apprentice working in a grocery store. In 1835, Chamberlain formed his own company, and was contracted to build an extension to the Erie & Pennsylvania Canal.[5] His company was later contracted to help build the Wabash & Erie Canal. In the 1840s, he supervised improvements to the St. Lawrence River. In 1844, Chamberlain married Arabella Cochran, and had two children named James and William. In 1847 he went back to Vermont to build pieces of a new railroad. Chamberlain was largely responsible for the construction of the Rutland & Burlington Railroad, and the Lake Champlain Railroad. In 1849, he moved to Cleveland, Ohio, and founded the Chamberlain, Gorham, & Perkins bank, which would merge into the Merchants National Bank{{dn|date=February 2019}} in 1880. Also in 1849, he was contracted to build the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad. In 1850, he was one of the co-founders of the Cleveland Iron Mining Company. Chamberlain died on December 27, 1890, and was buried in the Lake View Cemetery.[5]

History

The Selah Chamberlain (Official number 115147) was built in 1873 by Quayle & Martin shipyards of Cleveland, Ohio. Her wooden hull was {{convert|212|ft|m}} long, her beam was {{convert|34|ft|m}} wide and her hull had a depth of {{convert|14.8|ft|m}}. She originally had a gross tonnage of 894.69 tons.[3][19] She was powered by a high pressure engine with {{convert|30|×|30|in|mm}} pistons, which was fueled by two {{convert|7.3|×|7.95|in|mm}} tubular boilers, both the engine and the boilers were built by the Globe Iron Works Company of Cleveland, Ohio.[19] She also had three masts and at the start of her career, a single deck. In her early career she was also classified as a steam barge.[3][6] She was generally used to carry cargo such as iron ore, coal and grain between Duluth, Minnesota and Buffalo, New York. She often regularly towed a schooner barge. She was originally built for Alva Bradley of Cleveland, Ohio.[6]

In 1874 she had a second deck added, increasing her cargo carrying capacity, and increasing her gross tonnage to 1207.01 tons and her net tonnage to 963.98 tons.[3][6] In May, 1881 the Chamberlain received repairs at the Globe Dry Docks at Cleveland, Ohio. In 1883 she was transferred to the Bradley Transportation Company. On November 15, 1883 the Chamberlain lost her main mast, and got her rigging entangled in her propeller on Lake Superior. In 1884 she was chartered to carry wheat from Duluth, Minnesota to Buffalo, New York for three runs. In October, 1884 the Chamberlain was driven against the Port Arthur coal docks damaging them.[1][6]

Final voyage

On October 13, 1886, the Chamberlain and her schooner barge, Fayette Brown were bound from Milwaukee, Wisconsin to Escanaba, Michigan to load up a cargo of iron ore which they would then transport to Cleveland, Ohio. At approximately 8:30 p.m., and about {{convert|7|mi|0}} off shore, the Chamberlain{{'s}} crew heard another vessel's whistle directly ahead.[7] Captain Greenly immediately signaled her whistle once, and then steered her to port. However, the collision was unavoidable and the Chamberlain was struck in her port bow by the slightly larger, and newer John Pridgeon Jr.[7] After the collision, the crew of the Chamberlain cut the Fayette Brown loose, so if the Chamberlain sank, she wouldn't sink the Brown as well. The Chamberlain sank approximately 15 minutes after the collision. Over the next few years, a number of unsuccessful operations to raise the Chamberlain were carried out.[7]

The Selah Chamberlain today

The remains of the Chamberlain lie {{convert|2|mi}} north east of Sheboygan Point in {{convert|90|ft|m}} of water.[8][9] Her wreck is broken into three pieces. A lot of her lower hull remains on the site, and her fan tail stern is split, exposing her two boilers and her engine. Her wooden floors are reinforced with steel I-beams. Her tandem engine, and its decorated cast iron frame rise {{convert|25|ft|m|0}} from the bottom of the lake.[10]

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web |url=https://www.greatlakesvesselhistory.com/histories-by-name/c/chamberlain-selah/ |title=Chamberlain, Selah |work=Great Lakes Vessel Histories of Sterling Berry |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://images.maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes.ca/27891/data?n=2 |title=Selah Chamberlain (Propeller), U115147, 1 Apr 1873 |work=Maritime History of the Great Lakes |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url=http://www.wisconsinshipwrecks.org/Vessel/Details/562?region=Index |title=Service History |work=Wisconsin Shipwrecks |accessdate=April 24, 2018}}
4. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/weekly-list-20190201.htm|title=Weekly list 20190201 (aggregate list)|work=National Park Service|access-date=February 2, 2019}}
5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/c/chamberlain-selah|title=Chamberlain, Selah|work=Encyclopedia of Cleveland History|access-date=February 3, 2019}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://greatlakeships.org/2902769/data?n=1|title=CHAMBERLAIN, SELAH (1873, Bulk Freighter)|work=Alpena County George N. Fletcher Public Library|access-date=January 1, 2018}}
7. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.wisconsinshipwrecks.org/Vessel/Details/562?region=Index|title=Final Voyage|work=Wisconsin Shipwrecks|access-date=January 3, 2018}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/wisconsinhistoricalsociety/posts/on-this-day-in-1886-the-steamer-selah-chamberlain-sank-off-sheboygan-after-colli/10154803507045248/|title=On this day in 1886, the steamer Selah Chamberlain sank off Sheboygan after colliding with another vessel, the John Pridgeon Jr.|work=Wisconsin Historical Society-Facebook|access-date=January 13, 2019}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?27543|title=SS Selah Chamberlin (+1886)|work=Wrecksite|access-date=January 5, 2019}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wisconsinshipwrecks.org/Vessel/Details/562?region=Index|title=Today|work=Wisconsin Shipwrecks|access-date=January 3, 2019}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}{{1881 shipwrecks}}{{1883 shipwrecks}}{{1884 shipwrecks}}{{1886 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Selah Chamberlain, SS}}

11 : Maritime incidents in 1881|Maritime incidents in 1883|Maritime incidents in 1884|Maritime incidents in 1886|Shipwrecks of Lake Michigan|Steamships of the United States|Great Lakes ships|Merchant ships of the United States|1873 ships|Shipwrecks of the Wisconsin coast|Ships built in Ohio
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