| 词条 | Boiling chip |
| 释义 |
A boiling chip, boiling stone, porous bits or anti-bumping granule is a tiny, unevenly shaped piece of substance added to liquids to make them boil more calmly. Boiling chips are frequently employed in distillation and heating. When a liquid becomes superheated, a particle of dust or a stirring rod can cause violent flash boiling. Boiling chips work by providing nucleation sites so the liquid boils smoothly without becoming superheated or bumping.[1][2] UseBoiling chips should not be added to liquid that is already near its boiling point, as this could also induce flash boiling.[3] The structure of a boiling chip traps liquid while in use, meaning that they cannot be re-used in laboratory setups. They also don't work well under vacuum; if a solution is boiling under vacuum, it's best to constantly stir it instead.[4][5] MaterialsBoiling chips are typically made of a porous material, such as alumina, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, porcelain or carbon, and often have a nonreactive coating of PTFE. This ensures that the boiling chips will provide effective nucleation sites, yet are chemically inert. In less demanding situations, like school laboratories, pieces of broken porcelainware or glassware are often used.[6][7] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://heartmagic.com/zzBoilingPoints.html |title=Boiling Points |publisher=Heartmagic.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-21}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/50168894/Boiling-chips |title=Boiling chips |publisher=Scribd.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-21}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.blurtit.com/q803268.html |title=What Is The Use Of Boiling Chips In The Distillation Process? |publisher=Blurtit.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-21}} 4. ^{{cite web | publisher = LabManager |title = 3 Limitations of Using Boiling Chips in Superheated Fluids |url = http://www.labmanager.com/lab-health-and-safety/2010/09/3-limitations-of-using-boiling-chips-in-superheated-fluids#.WYxve7aQzGg}} 5. ^{{cite web | publisher = CU Boulder | title = Boiling Chips | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080416020559/http://orgchem.colorado.edu/hndbksupport/dist/boilchip.html}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.brinstrument.com/fractional-distillation/Boiling-Chips.html |title=Boiling Chips — Boiling Stones |publisher=Brinstrument.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-21}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem03/chem03396.htm |title=Boiling Chips and Purity |publisher=Newton.dep.anl.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-11-21}} (dead link 2018-08-07) 2 : Laboratory equipment|Phase transitions |
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