“.270 Winchester”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

.270 Winchester

释义

Description
Loads
See also
References

{{Infobox firearm cartridge
| name = .270 Winchester
| image = 100G115G130G150G.jpg | image_size = 300px
| caption = Left to Right {{convert|130|gr|g|adj=on}} - Hollow Point, {{convert|100|gr|g|adj=on}} FMJBT, {{convert|130|gr|g|adj=on}} Soft point, {{convert|160|gr|g|adj=on}} Lead round nose.
| origin = United States
| type = Rifle / Hunting
| service =
| used_by =
| wars =
| designer = Winchester
| design_date = 1923
| manufacturer = Winchester
| production_date = 1925-Present
| number =
| variants =
| is_SI_specs =
| parent = .30-03 Springfield
|case type=Rimless, bottleneck
| bullet = .277
| neck = .308
| shoulder = .441
| base = .470
| rim_dia = .473
| rim_thick =
| case_length = 2.540
| length = 3.340
| case_capacity = 67
| max_pressure = 65000
| rifling = 1 in {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| primer = Large rifle
| is_SI_ballistics =
| bw1 = 90
| btype1 = HP
| vel1 = 3603
| en1 = 2595
| bw2 = 130
| btype2 = SP
| vel2 = 3060
| en2 = 2702
| bw3 = 140
| btype3 = SP
| vel3 = 2916
| en3 = 2644
| bw4 = 150
| btype4 = SP
| vel4 = 3000
| en4 = 2998
| bw5 = 130
| btype5 = SST
| vel5 = 3200
| en5 = 2955
| test_barrel_length =
| balsrc = Norma, Hodgdon,^[1] Hornady^[2]
}}

The .270 Winchester is a rifle cartridge developed by Winchester Repeating Arms Company in 1923 and unveiled in 1925 as a chambering for their bolt-action Model 54.^[3] The cartridge is a necked-down .30-03 Springfield, which is the same length as the .280 Remington, both of which are longer than the .30-06 Springfield. The .270, .280, and .30-06 were all derived from the .30-03 parent case.

Description

The .270 Winchester became a very popular cartridge due to the widespread praises of gunwriters like Townsend Whelen and Jack O'Connor who used the cartridge for 40 years and touted its merits in the pages of Outdoor Life.^[4]^[5] It drives an {{convert|130|gr|g|order=flip}} bullet at approximately {{convert|3140|ft/s|order=flip|abbr=on}}, later reduced to {{convert|3060|ft/s|order=flip|abbr=on}}. The cartridge demonstrated high performance at the time of its introduction and was marketed as being suitable for big game shooting in the {{convert|300|to|500|yd|order=flip}} range. Two additional bullet weights were soon introduced: a {{convert|100|gr|g|order=flip}} hollow-point bullet for varmint shooting, and a {{convert|150|gr|g|order=flip}} bullet for larger deer, elk, and moose in big-game hunting.^[3]

While not an immediate success, over the succeeding decades and especially in the post-World War II period, the .270 Winchester attained great popularity among gun owners, metallic silhouette shooters and hunters, ranking it among the most popular and widely used cartridges worldwide. Internationally, firearms manufacturers now offer this chambering in all firearm varieties: bolt-actions, single-shots, lever-actions (such as the Browning BLR), pump-actions (such as the Remington 7600), autoloaders (such as the Remington 7400), and even a few double rifles.^[6]

Loads

Loads are commonly available from {{convert|100|to|160|gr|order=flip}} sizes with {{convert|130|and|150|gr|g|adj=on|order=flip}} loads being by far the most popular. Handloaders have a larger range of options with the availability of bullets in a number of weights from {{convert|90|to|180|gr|order=flip}}. Common bullet weight recommendations for shooting different game are as follows:

{{convert|90|-|110|gr|order=flip}} bullets: animals smaller than coyote.
{{convert|130|gr|order=flip}} bullets: antelope or other animals up to the size of mule deer.
{{convert|140|-|160|gr|order=flip}} bullets: deer, elk, moose, and some larger animals.^[1]

Recent introductions of low-drag bullets suited to the .270 Winchester such as the Nosler Accubond Long-Range, Hornady ELD-X and Matrix long range bullets are promoting renewed interest in the cartridge among long range hunters.

While it is true that a .270 Winchester case can be formed from a .30-06 Springfield case, the case length of a .30-06 is {{convert|2.494|in|mm|order=flip}} while the case length of a .270 is {{convert|2.540|in|mm|order=flip}}, the same as a .30-03 Springfield. It is recommended that .270 Winchester brass be formed from .35 Whelen or .280 Remington cases.^[7]

References

1. ^¹{{Cite web |url=http://data.hodgdon.com/cartridge_load.asp |title=.270 Win data from Hodgdon |access-date=2007-07-11 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5TO9dFZMR?url=http://data.hodgdon.com/cartridge_load.asp |archive-date=2007-11-16 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.hornady.com/store/270-Win-130-gr-SST-Superformance/ |title=Hornady Superformance commercial ammo specifications |access-date=2010-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821094519/http://www.hornady.com/store/270-Win-130-gr-SST-Superformance/ |archive-date=2010-08-21 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
3. ^¹The Complete Reloading Manual for the .270 Winchester, Loadbooks USA, Inc., 2004, pp.13,19
4. ^Barnes Reloading Manual Number 2 (1997)
5. ^Hornady Handbook of Cartridge Reloading, Fourth Edition (1996)
6. ^Speer Reloading Manual Number 12 (1994)
7. ^[https://archive.is/20120911193646/http://www.stevespages.com/jpg/cd270winchester.jpg .270 Cartridge dimensions]

2 : .270 Winchester firearms|Pistol and rifle cartridges

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Description

Loads

See also

References