| 词条 | Carver (automobile) |
| 释义 |
| name = Carver | image = Carver_One_full_tilt_going_around_a_roundabout.jpg | caption = van den Brink-designed Carver One at full tilt (45°) going round a roundabout | manufacturer = Carver | aka = van den Brink | production = 1999–2009 | model_years = 1999–2003 2003–2007 2007–2009 | assembly = Germany | designer = C.R. van den Brink and H.M. Kroonen | class = Microcar | body_style = 1-door | layout = Rear-engine, rear-wheel drive | platform = | related = | engine = Turbocharged 4-stroke {{Convert|660|cc|cuin|abbr=on}} 16-valve inline-four | transmission = 5-speed manual | wheelbase = | length = {{convert|3400|mm|ft|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|1300|mm|abbr=on}} | height = {{convert|1400|mm|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|640|kg|abbr=on}}{{cn|date=June 2017}} | predecessor = | successor = | sp = uk }} The Carver is a tilting three-wheeled vehicle using an automatic balancing technology to balance the passenger compartment under all conditions. The first commercial Carver product, the Carver One, was designed to seat two people, and manufactured and distributed by Carver Europe (formerly named Vandenbrink) in the Netherlands. In June 2009 Carver Europe declared bankruptcy due to lack of demand at its 30,000 euro price, and ceased commercial production and sales.[1][2] {{As of|2011}}, the technology is owned and licensed by Carver Technology. Design and specificationThe Carver vehicle combines aspects of a motorcycle and a car,[3] both in appearance and design. Like many microcars, the Carver has three wheels and the controls of a normal car. The three-wheel Carver One is said to have the comfort, controls and stability of a normal car while showing the dynamic[4] cornering behaviour of a motorcycle. The Carver was design with man-wide vehicles (MWVs)[5] in mind. The Carver can be driven by anyone with a normal car driver's license in the European Union, though other countries outside of the EU may not allow this. In most countries the taxation follows the motorcycle guidelines. The dimensions are {{convert|3400|mm|abbr=on}} long by {{convert|1300|mm|abbr=on}} wide by {{convert|1400|mm|abbr=on}} high, giving it a low slim profile, similar to a motorcycle. It weighs {{convert|640|kg|abbr=on}},{{cn|date=June 2017}} about half the weight of a medium size car or three to four times the weight of most motorcycles. The Carver One can tilt up to 45° while turning. This is not based on how far the steering wheel is rotated, but on how much cornering force is applied to it. The Carver has a four-stroke {{Convert|660|cc|cuin|abbr=on}} 16-valve inline-four engine with an intercooled turbocharger, giving a power output of {{convert|65|bhp|abbr=on}}{{cn|date=June 2017}} at 7,500 rpm and a maximum torque of {{convert|100|Nm|abbr=on}} at 4,000 rpm.{{cn|date=June 2017}} The transmission is a 5-speed manual with reverse, and all wheels are equipped with ventilated disk brakes. The front wheel is slightly larger than the rear wheels (at 17" to 15"). The Carver One, as standard, has a top speed of 185 km/h (115 mph). The acceleration of 0–100 km/h in 8.2 seconds[6] (0 to 60 mph in 8 seconds).[7] The Carver One was productionized{{What?|date=June 2017}} by Prodrive in the UK. The Carver One was assembled in Germany by ACÜ, part of the Mosolf Group, and officially launched at the Geneva Motor Show on 7 March 2007. Dynamic Vehicle Control systemThe unique property of the Carver One is its automatic balancing "Dynamic Vehicle Control" system, which is said{{By whom?|date=June 2017}} to allow full stability under almost all circumstances. Thanks to this DVC technology its cornering behaviour is said to feel natural and pleasant. In 2007 it was announced that a California company called Venture Vehicles would be producing the VentureOne, a vehicle using Carver's DVC system. The VentureOne was to be produced in three models: the e50 hybrid, the Q100 high performance hybrid, and the EV all electric.[8][9] In December 2008 Venture Vehicles was renamed Persu Mobility.[10][11] Persu Mobility continued to hold an exclusive license in North America to produce vehicles using the DVC system[12] and began pre-registration for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine called the Persu V3, to be available in 2014.[13] Persu has also planned future production of a plug-in hybrid.[14] The DVC system also is licensed to PAL-V who are developing a full-fledged flying and driving vehicle.[15] The DVC system has been demonstrated on a self-balancing ATV.[16] Flying car{{main article|PAL-V}}The PAL-V (Personal Air and Land Vehicle) is an autogyro developed from the Carver. It made its first flight in April 2012.[17][18] ReceptionThe Carver One has been reviewed by various celebrities in various shows: In 2002 journalists Karl Tsigdinos and Conor Feehan got the chance to pilot the original Carver One on the ITV motoring program Drive!.[19] On BBC's Top Gear programme in 2002, Jeremy Clarkson said, "I have to say, absolute hand on heart, I’ve never had so much fun in a car, really and truthfully, and I don’t think I’d ever tire of it."[20][21] Shortly thereafter the Carver One also featured in a special video of Jeremy Clarkson called "Shoot-out." He announced the vehicle to be "the most fun you can have."[22] Jenson Button tested the Carver One in 2004.[23] "this car or bike or whatever you want to call it, is possibly the weirdest thing I have driven" The Carvers have also starred in Sky Three "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xFbN6HJ9Qo The Race]" equipped with paint ball guns and driven by celebrities, and also Channel Fives "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGLicaZrhsM Gadget Show]". Most recently the Carver One featured on the intro to Amazon Prime's Grand Tour Season One Episode 5 Moroccan Roll, but did not feature in the show. Version and variants
See also
References1. ^TheMotorReport.com.au – Carver Declares Bankruptcy 2. ^{{citation|url=http://green.autoblog.com/2009/06/30/carver-europe-files-for-bankruptcy-technology-may-live-on/|title=Carver Europe files for bankruptcy, technology may live on|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=June 30, 2009|accessdate=2012-01-04}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Pauwelussen|first1=JP|title=The dynamic behaviour of man-wide vehicles with an automatic active tilting mechanism|url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:tudelft.nl:uuid%3Afe1f237a-a6a5-44c6-acfa-f2d533c8ed99|website=narcis|accessdate=6 December 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|last1=van den Brink|first1=Chris|title=Dynamic vehicle control for enclosed narrow vehicles|url=http://www.carver-technology.com/PDF/brink_EAEC_Cernobbio_1997.pdf|website=Carver Technology|accessdate=6 December 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=van den Brink|first1=CR|title=Realization of high performance man wide vehicles (MWVs) with an automatic active tilting mechanism|url=http://www.carver-technology.com/PDF/brink_EAEC_Barcelona_1999.pdf|website=Carver Technology|accessdate=6 December 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|last1=Pauwelussen|first1=JP|title=The dynamic performance of narrow actively tilting vehicles|url=http://www.narcis.nl/publication/RecordID/oai:tudelft.nl:uuid%3Adb5a8470-51a8-4198-ba45-4907abcc9822|website=narcis}} 7. ^Driving.ca – It's a bike, it's a car, it's a ... Carver? 8. ^VentureOne Tilting Trike 9. ^Venture Vehicles to design and build 100 mpg three-wheeler 10. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.hybridcars.com/plug-in-hybrids/ventureone-plugin-hybrid-commuter.html# |title=VentureOne Review |access-date=2011-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019202309/http://www.hybridcars.com/plug-in-hybrids/ventureone-plugin-hybrid-commuter.html# |archive-date=2011-10-19 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 11. ^Venture Becomes Persu Mobility {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330053601/http://theinternationalincident.com/2008/12/08/venture-becomes-persu-mobility/ |date=March 30, 2012 }} 12. ^Persu Technology 13. ^Persu V3 Pre-Registration 14. ^ 15. ^PAL-V website 16. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYyw4zYtIuU Video of self-balancing ATV with DVC technology] 17. ^Quick, Darren. "PAL-V flying car makes successful first test flight" GizMag.com, 2 April 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2012. 18. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/on-innovations/flying-car-makes-maiden-voyage-the-pal-v-one/2012/04/03/gIQAh6sltS_gallery.html#photo=1 Flying car makes maiden voyage (57 pictures)] Washington Post, 3 April 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2012. 19. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggodZbqa8M8 Video of Drive! broadcast] at YouTube 20. ^{{Cite episode|title=Series 2, Episode 9| episodelink= Top Gear (series 2) #ep19|series=Top Gear|serieslink=Top Gear (2002 TV series)|network=BBC Two |airdate= 13 July 2003| seriesno=2| number=9| minutes=40:24|quote=I have to say, absolute hand on heart, I’ve never had so much fun in a car, really and truthfully, and I don’t think I’d ever tire of it.}} 21. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TK4wzBYmTIo Video of TopGear broadcast] at YouTube 22. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zb-MIuXTlEs Video of Shoot-out], 2003 23. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pI0Y0NMrvDk Button and the Carver One] at YouTube External links{{commons category|Carver One}}
3 : Tricycle motorcycles|Cars of the Netherlands|Tilting three-wheeled motor vehicles |
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