| 词条 | Bunium bulbocastanum |
| 释义 |
|image = Blackcuminseeds.jpg |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Asterids |ordo = Apiales |familia = Apiaceae |genus = Bunium |species = B. bulbocastanum |binomial = Bunium bulbocastanum |binomial_authority = L. |synonyms =
|synonyms_ref = [1] }} Bunium bulbocastanum is a plant species in the family Apiaceae. It is related to cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and commonly called black cumin{{citation needed|date=September 2013}}, blackseed,{{citation needed|date=September 2013}}, black caraway,{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} or great pignut,[2] and has a smoky, earthy taste. It is often confused with Nigella sativa (which is also called black cumin,[3] blackseed,{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} and black caraway[3]). Dried B. bulbocastanum fruits are used as a culinary spice in northern India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Iran. It is practically unknown outside these areas. The tuber-like root is locally collected for food; the "pignut" or chestnut" names refer to it.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} EtymologyLocal names for that spice are (काला ज़ीरा) kala zeera (black cumin) or shahi zeera (शाहि ज़ीरा)(imperial cumin) in Hindi, as سیاہ زیرہ (syah zirah, black cumin), کالا زیرہ (kaala zirah, black cumin), and زيره كوهی (zirah kuhi, mountain/wild cumin) in Urdu, زيره كوهی (zireh kuhi, wild cumin) in Persian, and сиёх дона (siyoh dona, black seed) in Tajiki, and in Malayalam "സഹജീരകം". The commonly used Hindi term shahi zeera may be a distortion of syahi (black in Persian) zeera. However, in the Hindustani language, the term syahi also means "inky black". In Bengali, kalo zeera also means black cumin, but refers to Nigella, not B. bulbocastanum. Nigella is widely used as a spice in Bengali food, while B. bulbocastanum is used rarely. GrowthThe plant is native to Europe.[4] It reaches about {{convert|60|cm|in|abbr=on}} tall and {{convert|25|cm|in|abbr=on}} wide, bearing frilly leaves and hermaphroditic flowers; it is pollinated by insects and self-fertile.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} Uses{{unreferenced section|date=July 2017}}The plant bears small-sized seeds and one can pluck them once the plant is very dry. Not more than 5 to 8 g can be plucked from each plant, contributing to the high price of $2 per 10 g (1987 rates). The small, rounded taproot is edible raw or cooked, and said to taste like sweet chestnuts.{{citation needed|date=October 2013}} The leaf can be used as an herb or garnish similar to parsley. The seeds are most valued as a garnish to high value, very special Indian dishes; they should not be ground, as their flavor would be reduced. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=bunium|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archivedate=2015-01-25 |df= }} 3. ^1 {{GRIN | Bunium persicum | 406659 | accessdate = 2008-03-13}} 4. ^{{citation |title=Bunium bulbocastanum L. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:838875-1 |accessdate=2018-06-30 }} External links
9 : Apioideae|Flora of Europe|Edible Apiaceae|Spices|Root vegetables|Medicinal plants of Asia|Medicinal plants of Europe|Plants described in 1753|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
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