| 词条 | Chena River |
| 释义 |
| name = Chena River | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = | image = Chena River paddle-wheeler.jpg | image_caption = A paddle-wheel steamer on the Chena River near Fairbanks | image_size = 300 | map = | map_size = 300 | map_caption = | pushpin_map = USA Alaska | pushpin_map_size = 300 | pushpin_map_caption= Location of the mouth of the Chena River in Alaska | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = United States | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = Alaska | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = Borough | subdivision_name4 = Fairbanks North Star | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | length = {{convert|100|mi|km|abbr=on}}[1] | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= Fairbanks[1] | discharge1_min = {{convert|120|cuft/s|m3/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{convert|1336|cuft/s|m3/s|abbr=on}}[2] | discharge1_max = {{convert|74400|cuft/s|m3/s|abbr=on}} | source1 = confluence of the river's north and west forks | source1_location = near Chena Hot Springs | source1_coordinates= {{coord|65|03|18|N|146|10|45|W|display=inline}}[1] | source1_elevation = {{convert|1024|ft|abbr=on}}[3] | mouth = Tanana River | mouth_location = {{convert|6.5|mi|km}} west-southwest of Fairbanks | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|64|47|44|N|147|54|43|W|display=inline,title}}[4] | mouth_elevation = {{convert|423|ft|abbr=on}}[4] | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|1980|sqmi|abbr=on}}[5] | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The Chena River ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|iː|n|ə}}; Tanana Athabascan: Ch'eno "river of something (game)") is a {{convert|100|mi|km|adj=on}} tributary of the Tanana River in the Interior region of the U.S. state of Alaska. It flows generally west from the White Mountains to the Tanana River near the city of Fairbanks, which is built on both sides of the river.[6] The Tanana empties into the {{convert|2300|mi|km|adj=on}} long Yukon River. Named tributaries of the Chena River include the North Fork, South Fork, West Fork, Middle (East) Fork and the Little Chena River.[6] The Chena River State Recreation Area surrounds much of the upper half of the main stem.[6] The Chena River is used for recreational fishing and boating.[5] During the winter months, it is also traveled by snowmachines and mushers (sled dogs). The Chena River Lakes Flood Control Project dam is about {{convert|40|mi|km}} up the Chena River from Fairbanks. The dam was built in response to the 1967 Fairbanks flood, which inundated much of the city. When closed, the dam impounds water and, when the inflow is high enough, diverts it about {{convert|8|mi|km}} to the Tanana River near North Pole, upstream of Fairbanks and the natural mouth of the Chena.[7] FishThe Chena River supports populations of many fish species, including Arctic grayling, burbot, chum salmon, humpback whitefish, king salmon, least cisco, longnose suckers, northern pike, round whitefish, and sheefish. Easily accessible from Fairbanks, the Chena is the most popular sport-fishing river in interior Alaska.[5] Overfishing for grayling reduced their number in the Chena to "dangerous levels" by the mid-1980s. In the 21st century, sport fishing for grayling, which grow in length to {{convert|18|in|cm}} in the upper river, is limited to catch and release.[5] BoatingEasy access to the river from Chena Hot Springs Road, the Chena River Recreation Area, four bridges, and elsewhere make a wide variety of float trips possible. Most of the river is rated Class I (easy) on the International Scale of River Difficulty; however, the upper reaches along the North Fork near Chena Hot Springs are "extremely swift" with few safe eddies and are rated Class II (medium). High water increases these difficulty ratings.[5] Dangers on the North Fork include a much narrower channel than that of the main stem, possible logjams, overhanging vegetation, and shallows, any of which may require a portage. Dangers below that include possible overhangs, logjams, and channel braiding. In the early season (June), boaters may encounter ice jams anywhere along the river.[5] {{clear}}See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2012/pdfs/15514000.2012.pdf|title=USGS Gage #15514000 on the Chena River at Fairbanks, AK|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|work=National Water Information System|date=1948–2012|accessdate=2013-11-02}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2012/pdfs/15514000.2012.pdf|title=USGS Gage #15514000 on the Chena River at Fairbanks, AK|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|work=National Water Information System|date=1948–2012|accessdate=2013-11-02}} 3. ^Derived by entering source coordinates in Google Earth. 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | work = Geographic Names Information System| publisher = United States Geological Survey | date = January 1, 2000| url = {{gnis3|1400201}} | title =Chena River| accessdate = October 25, 2013}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|last=Jettmar|first=Karen|title=The Alaska River Guide: Canoeing, Kayaking, and Rafting in the Last Frontier|publisher=Menasha Ridge Press|location=Birmingham, Alabama|edition=3rd|year=2008|origyear=1993|pages=105–07|isbn=978-0-89732-957-6}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=Alaska Atlas & Gazetteer|publisher=DeLorme|location=Yarmouth, Maine|pages=115–16, 126, 145|edition=7th|year=2010|isbn=978-0-89933-289-5}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=Rozell|first=Ned|title=Fixing the Fatal Flaw of Fairbanks|url=http://www.gi.alaska.edu/ScienceForum/ASF16/1663.html|date=September 11, 2003|work=Alaska Science Forum|publisher=University of Alaska Fairbanks|accessdate=October 25, 2013}} 3 : Rivers of Fairbanks North Star Borough, Alaska|Rivers of Alaska|Tributaries of the Yukon River |
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