| 词条 | Cocoa Beach, Florida | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Cocoa Beach, Florida |official_name = City of Cocoa Beach |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = City |motto = "Open for Business!" |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = Cocoa Beach Skyline |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Brevard_County_Florida_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Cocoa_Beach_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250x200px |map_caption = Location in Brevard County and the state of Florida |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States of America}}}} |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Florida}} |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Brevard County, Florida.png}} Brevard |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = [1] |area_total_km2 = 39.34 |area_land_km2 = 12.06 |area_water_km2 = 27.28 |area_total_sq_mi = 15.19 |area_land_sq_mi = 4.66 |area_water_sq_mi = 10.53 |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2010 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 11231 |population_density_km2 = 972.48 |population_density_sq_mi = 2518.89 |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = −5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = −4 |coordinates = {{coord|28|9|7|N|80|35|42|W|region:US-FL|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 3 |elevation_ft = 10 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 12-33450[3] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0284502[4] |website = {{url|www.cityofcocoabeach.com}} |footnotes = |pop_est_as_of = 2017 |pop_est_footnotes = [5] |population_est = 11733 }} Cocoa Beach is a city in Brevard County, Florida. The population was 11,231 at the 2010 United States Census.[5] It is part of the Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. HistoryThe first non-native settlement in the area was by a family of freed slaves following the American Civil War. In 1888, a group of men from Cocoa bought the entire tract of land, which went undeveloped until it was bought out in 1923 by a member of the group—Gus Edwards, Cocoa's city attorney. At that time, Edwards' total holdings included approximately {{convert|600|acre|ha}}, and he had stopped practicing law to devote all his efforts to developing the area.[6][7][8] Prior to incorporation, the area was known as Oceanus.[9] The Town of Cocoa Beach was established on June 5, 1925. Cocoa Beach's first official meeting was held at the Cocoa Beach Casino on July 27, 1925, and adopted the City Seal.[10] Gus C. Edwards was elected [10] as mayor and served as a commissioner along with J.A. Haisten, and R.Z. Grabel. A little less than a month later, plans for a pier became official. In 1935, the FDOT opened up what is now State Road A1A as a one-lane dirt road to Eau Gallie.[11] In 1938, a Deputy Marshal was appointed "to act in emergencies at night or at other times" for $.25/hour.[11] By 1939, the town had 49 residents. In 1940, the town requested that State Road 140 (now A1A) be routed on Orlando Avenue instead of Atlantic Avenue.[11] In 1942, the town prepared to receive men assigned to the newly opened Naval Air Station Banana River. Establishing regular garbage collection was discussed when the town discovered that the Air Station was having theirs collected.[11] On May 1, 1942, the German submarine {{GS|U-109|1940|2}} torpedoed the La Paz off the shore of Cocoa Beach. The crew was able to beach it with the help of tugs. Eventually it was returned to shipping. On May 3, the same U-boat sank the SS Laertes near the same spot.[12] Local boys were recruited for salvaging efforts and to rid the beach of subsequent debris.[13][14] Shortly thereafter, the federal government realized the danger of back-lighting from the coast making easy targets of passing ships and ordered a blackout for the remainder of the war. During World War II, Cocoa Beach experienced money shortages for employees, and money to fix roads.[11] In 1944, the town successfully fought a bill introduced in the Florida legislature which would have dissolved the city government.[11] In 1947 a single police officer was hired for $1/hour. The same year, the city constructed works for the distribution of potable water.[11] In 1950, a volunteer fire department was created which used a second-hand vehicle.[11] In 1950, a proposal to prevent people from driving on the beach was defeated.[11] In 1951, the city sought to place a stoplight, the city's first, at the intersection of what is now A1A and Minutemen Causeway.[11] In 1953, the city decided to mark the names of all streets.[11] In 1953, the city planned to pave A1A south from 520 down Orlando Avenue. The city intended to bear 1/3 of the costs, the adjacent property owners, 2/3.[11] In 1954, the Women's Club opened a library in the building used by the Fire Department.[11] In 1955, the speed limit in most of the town was raised to {{convert|35|mph}}.[11] In 1955, the city prepared to house the people who were going to be launching missiles from what is now Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.[11] In 1956, the city attorney warned the council that blacks might attempt to use the beach. If they did, he recommended clearing the beach of all persons, both white and black. The 1954 decision, Brown v. Board of Education, had, in theory at least, integrated all general public facilities. Actual integration came later.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}} The city proposed selling the town dump to the school board for a junior high school, in order to keep students from being bused to Merritt Island.[11] On June 29, 1957, the town of Cocoa Beach incorporated into a city. It sold its water system to Cocoa, Florida and contracted with them to furnish water.[15] In September 1959, the city voted to add more sidewalks, improve the streets in residential areas as well as the main streets, and to pave more roads.[16] In 1965, Cocoa Beach High School requested that Cocoa Avenue, the street that the school was located on, be renamed Minutemen Boulevard, in honor of the school's mascot, the Minuteman. Cocoa Beach started its major growth during the 1960s. There was a 1000% population increase from 1950 to 1960, mainly as a result of the U.S. space program. NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center is located approximately {{convert|15|mi|km}} north of town. Many people moved to Cocoa Beach due to jobs connected to the space program and in search of new opportunities. After manned space flights, the town held parades in honor of the astronauts. After NASA's Apollo program came to an end, and before the Space Shuttle program was in full swing, the town's economy reflected the resulting layoffs. At one point, in 1975, unemployment was 14.3%.[8] Many families lost their jobs or simply moved away. The housing market plummeted and some people unable to sell their homes simply abandoned them.{{Citation needed|date=March 2007}} Cocoa Beach was the setting for the 1960s sitcom I Dream of Jeannie, although no episodes were actually filmed there, and star Barbara Eden only made two visits during the show's production — both in 1969, for publicity.[17] Cocoa Beach High School was used as the school in the 2002 movie Race to Space.[18] In 2002, 69% of the voters capped building height to {{convert|45|ft}}. Prior construction and later variances, resulted in about 80 buildings between {{convert|45|to|70|ft}} high, as of 2018.[19] The 2010 Nebula Awards were held in the city.[20] In 2016, the largest mansion in the city was destroyed by fire. It had been built on the beach by Al Neuharth in 1975. It contained {{convert|10000|sqft}} of living space, 11 bedrooms and 12 bathrooms. It was valued at several million dollars.[21] GeographyAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|15.0|sqmi|km2}}. {{convert|4.9|sqmi|km2}} of it is land and {{convert|10.1|sqmi|km2}} of it (67.49%) is water. Bordering the city on the north is Cape Canaveral; on the south is Crescent Beach; on the east is the Atlantic Ocean ({{convert|5.6|mi|km|disp=or|abbr=on}} of oceanfront); on the west is the Banana River. Propelled by a powerful hurricane, the ocean pushed its way through the barrier islands centuries ago and formed the Thousand Islands in the Banana River.[22] There are a number of boating channels dredged in the area: the 0-99 Channel, the 100 Channel, the 200 Channel for houseboats, the 300 Channel, the 400 Channel near housing for private boats, the 500 Channel and the 600 Channel. Dredged material is placed on one of the Thousand Islands, but is now controlled.[23][24] Many of the homes in Cocoa Beach are built on dredged mud and sand from the Banana River. Surrounding areas
ClimateCocoa Beach's has a humid Subtropical Climate Köppen climate classification of Cfa. This climate features hot and humid summers with frequent tropical downpours and daily thundershowers, and warm, dry, and sunny winters. The average high temperature in the warmest month (July) in Cocoa Beach is {{convert|91|F}} and the average high in the coolest month (January) is {{convert|72|F}}.[25] {{Weather box| location = Coca Beach | single line = Y | collapsed = | Jan record high F = 89 | Feb record high F = 92 | Mar record high F = 93 | Apr record high F = 97 | May record high F = 99 | Jun record high F = 101 | Jul record high F = 102 | Aug record high F = 101 | Sep record high F = 98 | Oct record high F = 96 | Nov record high F = 91 | Dec record high F = 90 | year record high F = 102 | Jan high F = 71 | Feb high F = 74 | Mar high F = 77 | Apr high F = 81 | May high F = 86 | Jun high F = 89 | Jul high F = 91 | Aug high F = 91 | Sep high F = 88 | Oct high F = 84 | Nov high F = 79 | Dec high F = 73 | Jan low F = 49 | Feb low F = 52 | Mar low F = 55 | Apr low F = 60 | May low F = 67 | Jun low F = 72 | Jul low F = 73 | Aug low F = 73 | Sep low F = 73 | Oct low F = 68 | Nov low F = 60 | Dec low F = 53 | Jan record low F = 17 | Feb record low F = 27 | Mar record low F = 25 | Apr record low F = 35 | May record low F = 47 | Jun record low F = 55 | Jul record low F = 60 | Aug record low F = 60 | Sep record low F = 57 | Oct record low F = 41 | Nov record low F = 30 | Dec record low F = 21 | Jan precipitation inch = 2.27 | Feb precipitation inch = 2.63 | Mar precipitation inch = 3.28 | Apr precipitation inch = 2.13 | May precipitation inch = 3.29 | Jun precipitation inch = 6.71 | Jul precipitation inch = 5.96 | Aug precipitation inch = 7.68 | Sep precipitation inch = 7.64 | Oct precipitation inch = 5.06 | Nov precipitation inch = 2.88 | Dec precipitation inch = 2.57 | source 1 = Weather.com[26] }} GovernmentCocoa Beach is run by a Commission-Manager government, agreed to by its citizens in 1958. The City Commission acts as the legislative branch of the city government, guided by the provisions of the Charter of the City of Cocoa Beach. The City Commission enacts ordinances and resolutions that the City Manager administers as the appointed executive officer of the city government.[27] The city owns and runs a golf course on the Banana River.[28] In 2007, the city had a taxable real estate base of $2.09 billion.[29] In 2012, the police force consisted of 36 officers.[30] In 2011, the city photographed more than 20,000 instances of vehicles running red lights by the use of automatic cameras. A total of 6,595 violations were prosecuted.[31] In 2014, the city grossed $1.1 million for over 9.000 red light violations. Over 24,000 violations were captured on film. All could not be prosecuted for various reasons. The city netted over $249,000. The remainder went for licensing fees to the installing vendor; over half was remitted to the state. Cameras were sited at four locations on state road A1A, including the intersection with state road 520. Intersection crashes dropped from 88 in 2009 to 30 in 2014.[32] The City Commission is made up of five members, one of whom is the Mayor. Historically, the commissioners were elected at-large to three-year terms but with a successful referendum on the 2010 ballot to hold elections on even-numbered years, the terms were extended to four years. Following an election, a Vice Mayor is then selected from the commission members at an organizational meeting. The Mayor presides over all meetings and performs duties as delegated by the City Commission.[27] Seats affected by the 2010 referendum included Seat #1, Seat #4 and Seat #5. The November 6, 2012 election results are as followed[33] City Commission
City ManagerThe City Manager is appointed by the City Commission and is responsible for the city's day-to-day operations. The city's charter has established a separation of powers and responsibility between the Commission and the Manager; the elected commission establishes policy that the manager and staff carry out. The City Manager conducts day-to-day operations through four city departments: Administrative, Public Safety, Utilities, and Recreation.[34] Charles Billias was the City Manager from 1998 until October 2012. Bob Majka was the City Manager from 2012 until 2015. Ronald McLemore is the current City Manager [35] Crime RateThe crime index for the Cocoa Beach is 2 in 100. Where 100 is safest and 0 is most unsafe.[36] It simply mean that Cocoa beach is only safer then 2% cities of United States. The crime rate of Cocoa Beach is even higher then Florida where chances of becoming a victim is 1 in 232 while in Cocoa beach it is only 1 in 190 people.[37] Below is the chart for the crime rate of violent nature in Cocoa beach.[38]
Demographics{{US Census population|1930= 31 |1940= 49 |1950= 246 |1960= 3475 |1970= 9952 |1980= 10926 |1990= 12123 |2000= 12482 |2010= 11231 |estyear=2017 |estimate=11733 |estref=[39] |footnote= }} As of the census[41] of 2010, there were 11,231 people, while estimated population as per 2017 is 11733[42] 6,529 households, and 3,532 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,552.1 inhabitants per square mile (985.5/km²). There were 8,709 housing units at an average density of 1,780.6 per square mile (687.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 96.64% White, 0.62% Black, 0.22% Native American, 1.07% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.52% of the population. There were 6,529 households,12.9% of which had children under the age of 18 residing; 45.5% were married couples living together; 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.9% were non-families. 38.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.7% were households of persons 65 years of age or older living alone. The average household size was 1.91 and the average family size was 2.47. The city's population was divided into the following age groups: 12.2% under the age of 18; 3.8% between 18 and 24; 22.0% between 25 and 44,; 27.6% between 45 and 64, and 34.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 54 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.3 males. For every 100 females aged 18 years and older, there were 96.4 males. Cocoa Beach is a retirement area, with an average age of 56.5.[43][44] EconomyPersonal incomeAccording to the census, the median income for a single household in the city was $42,372, and the median income for a family was $51,795. Males had a median income of $39,418 versus $27,113 for females. The per capita income for the city was $28,968. About 3.7% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over. TourismRon Jon's, a surf shop, receives 2 million visitors a year.[45] Cocoa Beach is home to the East Coast Surfing Hall of Fame. It is estimated that there are 2.4 million day trippers annually. While businesses appreciate the tourism, it creates a parking problem for the city.[46] There are 1,780 paved parking spaces and 607 spaces on the streets downtown, near the beach.[47] The Cocoa Beach Pier, formerly known as the Cape Canaveral Pier, was built in 1962. An annual Easter Surfing Festival began in 1964. An estimated 100,000 spectators attend annually.[48] An air show in 2009 drew a crowd estimated at 30,000.[49] The Ron Jon Easter Surfing Festival drew 50,000 visitors in 2009.[50] The largest charity surfing festival, National Kidney Foundation Pro-Am Surfing Festival, has been held every Labor Day Weekend in Cocoa Beach since 1985.[51][52] In 2015 businesses in the city collected $5.6 million in tourist tax, over half the tourist tax collected in the county and more than any other municipality, $1.4 million.[53] WorkforceIn 2007, Cocoa Beach's median labor force was 6,344. Of that group, 6,006 were employed and 338 were unemployed, for an unemployment rate of 5.3%.[54] HousingIn 2008, 6 building permits were issued. This was down from 9 permits for 11 units in 2007, which was down from 20 permits for 34 units in 2006.[55] The median home price in 2007 was $409,000.[56] HealthThe disability rate for the people under age of 65 is 7.6%.[57] The number of people who don't have insurance policy on the Cocoa beach is 20.8%.[44] LanguageThe language spoken on Cocoa Beach is English but 9.8% of the people speak other languages than English at home in Cocoa Beach.[58][44] Travel Time to WorkMean travel time to the work is 25.4 minutes from home to work.[58][44] EducationThe city has three public schools:
Freedom 7 Elementary school and Cocoa Beach Jr./Sr High School both are certified International Baccalaureate schools. Freedom 7 Elementary has a primary years program, and Cocoa Beach Jr./Sr High has both a middle years program and a diploma program. 96.1% of all residents 25 years or older are high school graduates. 42.3% have a Bachelor's Degree or higher.[57][44] Landmarks
Former
InfrastructureRoadsThe following roads are usually called by their numbers when spoken:
Public transportationPublic transportation in Cocoa Beach, Cape Canaveral, and surrounding Brevard County is provided by Space Coast Area Transit. UtilitiesThe city contracted directly with Florida Power & Light for electricity, paying 10.689 cents per kilowatt hour in 2010.[61] CanalsThe city has 37 canals, totaling {{convert|9|miles}}, serving residential homes, plus {{convert|17|miles}} of channels. These are maintained by the city.[62] Notable people
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_12.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Sep 20, 2018}} 2. ^ 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=October 25, 2007}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Cocoa Beach city, Florida |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder |accessdate=January 27, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }} 6. ^Biography of Gus C. Edwards {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123123747/http://cityofcocoabeach.com/citylife/city_history_files/Gus%20Callaway%20Edwards%20Founder%20of%20Cocoa%20Beach%20Mayor.pdf |date=November 23, 2010 }} City of Cocoa Beach - Official Site. Retrieved on June 26, 2009. 7. ^City History {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907121743/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/citylife/city_history.htm |date=September 7, 2008 }} City of Cocoa Beach - Official Site. Retrieved on June 26, 2009. 8. ^1 History at a Glance {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104190601/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/citylife/History_at_A_Glance.htm |date=January 4, 2013 }} City of Cocoa Beach - Official Site. Retrieved on June 26, 2009. 9. ^{{cite book|last=Parrish|first=Ada Edmiston|title=Merritt Island and Cocoa Beach|year=2001|publisher=Arcadia|location=Charleston, SC|isbn=0738506680|author2=Field, Alma Clyde |author3=Harrell, George Leland}} 10. ^1 Meeting Minutes for July 27, 1925 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708160348/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/Cityhall/Minutes/Minutes/1925/07-27.pdf |date=July 8, 2011 }} City of Cocoa Beach - Official Site. Retrieved on June 26, 2009. 11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 {{cite web|url=http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/citylife/city_history1920-1980.htm |title=The History of Cocoa Beach |accessdate= |date=December 15, 2010 |work= |publisher=City of Cocoa Beach |pages= |language= |quote= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219211001/http://cityofcocoabeach.com/citylife/city_history1920-1980.htm |archivedate=February 19, 2009 }} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cocoavillage.com/mysteryphotos/mysteryphotos2003.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=August 4, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903185506/http://www.cocoavillage.com/mysteryphotos/mysteryphotos2003.html |archivedate=September 3, 2011 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20100818/LIFE/8180314/New%20book%20highlights%20Florida%20s%20role%20during%20World%20War%20II?GID=TCY2fY/MRMEAyPMROOyxMqf8zGETKpCYE1wGrTNd+mI%3D |title=New book highlights Florida's role during World War II |accessdate= |author=Chris Kridler |date=August 18, 2010 |work=Florida Today |publisher=Florida Today |pages= |language= |quote= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714035103/http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20100818/LIFE/8180314/New%20book%20highlights%20Florida%20s%20role%20during%20World%20War%20II?GID=TCY2fY%2FMRMEAyPMROOyxMqf8zGETKpCYE1wGrTNd+mI%3D |archivedate=July 14, 2014 |df= }} 14. ^La Paz (British Motor merchant) - Ships hit by German U-boats during WWII. uboat.net. Retrieved on September 18, 2013. 15. ^{{Cite news | first=Jim | last=Waymer | title=How the system came undone | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/2017/10/21/cocoa-water-how-system-came-undone/681946001/| newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida| pages= 8A | date=October 22, 2017 | accessdate=October 27, 2017}} 16. ^The History of Cocoa Beach {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219211001/http://cityofcocoabeach.com/citylife/city_history1920-1980.htm |date=February 19, 2009 }}. Cityofcocoabeach.com. Retrieved on September 18, 2013. 17. ^Osborne, Ray I Dream of Jeannie Days 18. ^Race to Space (2000) - Overview - MSN Movies. Movies.msn.com. Retrieved on September 18, 2013. 19. ^{{Cite news | first=Rick | last=Neale | title=Will Cocoa Beach vote to raise building height limit? | url=https://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/2018/02/22/cocoa-beachbuilding-height-limit/328897002/| newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida| pages= 3A | date=February 26, 2018 | accessdate=March 11, 2018}} 20. ^{{Cite news | first=Pam | last=Harbaugh | title=Nebula Awards honor science, fantasy writers | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20100512/LIFE/5120323/Nebula-Awards-honor-science-fantasy-writers| work= | publisher=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida | pages= 1D | date=May 12, 2010}} 21. ^{{Cite news | first=Jennifer | last=Sangalang | title=After the fire, city feels loss | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/2016/03/16/al-neuharth-pumpkin-center-cocoa-beach-fire/81864432/| newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida| pages= 1A, 12A | date=March 17, 2016 | accessdate=March 17, 2016}} 22. ^{{cite book | author = Kridler, Chris |title = Paddle a watery wilderness | publisher = Florida Today | date = April 20, 2007}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/1000IslandsManagementPlan2013/NTIMP%20approved%2004-2013%20web.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=November 26, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224502/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/1000IslandsManagementPlan2013/NTIMP%20approved%2004-2013%20web.pdf |archivedate=December 2, 2013 |df= }} 24. ^ 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mlb/?n=wetdryseason |title=The Onset of the Wet and Dry Seasons in East Central Florida- A Subtropical Wet-Dry Climate? |accessdate= |author=Randy Lascody |date=March 2002 |work=National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office Melbourne, FL |publisher=NOAA |pages= |language= |quote= }} 26. ^{{cite web |url=https://weather.com/weather/monthly/l/USFL0089:1:US|title=Cocoa Beach, FL Monthly Weather – Temperature and Precipitation |accessdate=February 7, 2019 |work=Weather.com}} 27. ^1 Elected Officials {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907122420/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/Elected_officials.htm |date=September 7, 2008 }} City of Cocoa Beach - Official Site. Retrieved on June 26, 2009. 28. ^Cocoa Beach golf course {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202215617/http://www.golfcocoabeach.com/golf_course_information.htm |date=December 2, 2011 }} accessed March 18, 2008 29. ^{{cite book | author = Dean, James |title = More taxes or fewer services | publisher = Florida Today | date = April 26, 2008}} 30. ^{{Cite news | first=J.D. | last=Gallop | title=Off-duty officer 'critical' after crash | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20120131/NEWS01/301310013/Off-duty-Cocoa-Beach-officer-critical-after-crash?odyssey=tab| work= | newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida | pages= 1B | date=January 31, 2012 | id= | accessdate=}} 31. ^{{Cite news | first=Rick | last=Neale | title=Challengers mostly win | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20120205/NEWS01/302050032/Traffic-photo-fines-hit-red-light | work= | newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida | pages= 12A | date=February 5, 2012 | id= | accessdate=}} 32. ^{{Cite news | first=R. Norman | last=Moody | title=Cocoa Beach keeps red light cameras...for now | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/local/2015/01/15/red-light-cameras-stay-cocoa-beach/21842431/| work= | newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida| pages= 12A | date=January 16, 2015 | id= | accessdate=January 17, 2015}} 33. ^{{cite web|title=City of Cocoa Beach|url=http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/FlashHomePages/government_home.html|accessdate=March 31, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130311051846/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/FlashHomePages/government_home.html|archive-date=March 11, 2013|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}} 34. ^City Departments {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081119154914/http://www.cityofcocoabeach.com/Cityhall/city_departments.htm |date=November 19, 2008 }} City of Cocoa Beach - Official Site. 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Norman |author2=Best, Keilani |title = Surf's i[ fpr economy | publisher = Florida Today | date = March 22, 2008}} 49. ^ retrieved October 4, 2009 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430071303/http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20091004/NEWS01/910040317%26referrer%3DFRONTPAGECAROUSEL |date=April 30, 2015 }} 50. ^{{Cite news | first=Keyonna | last=Summers | title=Sign in the sand | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/print/article/20100403/NEWS01/4030323/Sculpting-surfing-seen-as-plus-for-tourism| work= | publisher=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida | pages= 1A | date=April 3, 2010 | id= | accessdate=}} 51. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/entertainment/2015/09/02/2015-nkf-surf-festival-celebrates-30-years-making-waves/71318828/|date=September 2, 2015|work=Florida Today|title=NKF surf fest: 30 years of making waves|first=Michelle|last=Mulak|accessdate=May 1, 2015}} 52. ^{{cite web|url=http://nkfsurf.com/history/|title=History|work=NKF Surf Festival|accessdate=May 1, 2015}} 53. ^{{Cite news | first=Dave | last=Berman | title=Brevard, Airbnb make tax deal | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/videos/news/2016/03/07/81457908/| newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida| pages= 1A | date=March 8, 2016 | id= | accessdate=March 8, 2016}} 54. ^Cocoa Beach Community Data Sheet{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Economic Development Council of Florida's Space Coast. 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Norman | last=Moody | title=Cocoa Beach studies municipal electriciy | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20100319/NEWS01/3190331/1006/Cocoa+Beach+studies+municipal+electricity| work= | publisher=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida | pages= 1A | date=March 19, 2010 | id= | accessdate=}} 62. ^{{Cite news | first=Jim | last=Waymer | title=Muck | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/article/20131124/NEWS01/311240032/Muck-arch-enemy-lurks-deep-Indian-River-Lagoon| work= | newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida| pages= 4A | date=November 24, 2013 | id= | accessdate=December 29, 2013}} 63. ^{{Cite news | first=Megan K. | last=Scott | title=Hurston's real home | url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/life/2011/03/06/zora-neale-hurstons-real-home-was-in-brevard-county-famed/77153912/| work= | newspaper=Florida Today | location=Melbourne, Florida | pages= 1D | date=March 6, 2011 | id= | accessdate=}} 64. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20010719072745/http://www.freedomforum.org/templates/document.asp?documentID=4025 Freedom Forum] retrieved April 8, 2008 65. ^Online World of Wrestling.com {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524064409/http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/g/george-steele.html |date=May 24, 2011 }} retrieved April 8, 2008 66. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/48/Carrot-Top.html|title=Carrot Top Biography (1967-)|website=www.filmreference.com|access-date=February 3, 2018}} 67. ^John Wooden: UCLA Coaching Legend {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417061928/http://uclabruins.cstv.com/sports/m-baskbl/spec-rel/ucla-wooden-page.html |date=April 17, 2009 }} 68. ^{{Cite news| last = Browne| first = Malcolm W| title = TV REVIEWS - 'GROWING UP WITH ROCKETS,' CAPE CANAVERAL FAMILY LIFE| work = New York Times| accessdate = April 6, 2015| date = July 9, 1986| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/09/arts/tv-reviews-growing-up-with-rockets-cape-canaveral-family-life.html}} External links{{Commons category}}{{Wikivoyage|Cocoa Beach}}
8 : Cocoa Beach, Florida|1925 establishments in Florida|Beaches of Brevard County, Florida|Beaches of Florida|Cities in Brevard County, Florida|Cities in Florida|Populated coastal places in Florida on the Atlantic Ocean|Populated places established in 1925 |
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