“Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists ({{lang-uk|Конгрес українських націоналістів}} Konhres Ukrayinskykh Natsionalistiv) is a far-right political party in Ukraine. It was founded on October 18, 1992 and registered with the Ministry of Justice on January 26, 1993.^[2] The party leader from its formation and until her death in 2003 was Yaroslava Stetsko (people's deputy of three VR conventions).

History

The party was set up late 1992 by émigrés of OUN-B^[1] on the initiative of Slava Stetsko and Roman Zvarych.^[2] It was registered on 26 January 1993 by the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice and was the 11th political party in Ukraine that was officially registered.^[3]

During the 1998 parliamentary election the party was part (together with Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party and Ukrainian Republican Party^[6]) of the Election Bloc "National Front"^[2]^[6] ({{lang-uk|Виборчий блок партій «Національний фронт»}}) which won 2,71%^[2] of the national votes and 6 (single-mandate constituency) seats.^[4]^[5]

At the parliamentary elections on 30 March 2002, the party was part of the Viktor Yushchenko Bloc Our Ukraine.^[2] Former party leader Oleksiy Ivchenko was the head of Naftogas of Ukraine under the Yekhanurov Government. He was elected as the party leader on the seventh convention of the party on April 13, 2003.

During the parliamentary elections on 26 March 2006, the party was part of the Our Ukraine alliance.^[2] Roman Zvarych was Minister of Justice in the First Tymoshenko Government and Second Tymoshenko Government^[6] and in the Alliance of National Unity.^[7]^[8]

At the end of 2006, the Prosecutor General of Ukraine’s Office opened a criminal case against party leader Oleksii Ivchenko on charges

of embezzlement and abuse of his official position as former head of Naftogaz.^[9] Ivchenko was dropped from its party ticket in the spring of 2007.^[9] The party refused to join the Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc in August 2007^[10] and almost a month before the elections decided not to run in the 2007 parliamentary elections.^[11]^[9]

In the 2010 local elections the party biggest achievement was winning two seats in the Lviv Oblast Counsel.^[12] In December 2011 Stepan Bratsiun was elected party leader.^[3]

The party competed on one single party under "umbrella" party Our Ukraine in the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election, together with Ukrainian People's Party; this list won 1.11% of the national votes and no constituencies and thus failed to win parliamentary representation.^[13]^[14] The party itself had competed in 28 constituencies and lost in all.^[15]^[16]

In the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party was electable on a nationwide list and it the participated in 8 constituencies; but its candidates lost in all of them and the party received only 0.05% of the votes nationwide and thus the party won no parliamentary seats.^[17]^[18]^[19]

On 19 November 2018 Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists and fellow Ukrainian nationalist political organizations Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, Right Sector and C14 endorsed Ruslan Koshulynskyi candidacy in the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election.^[20]

Ideology

The party supports democratic nationalism and a strong nation state independent from Russia.^[21]

However, as of recently the official website the party appears to express support for Zionism and Israel (although not the Israeli government, for prosecuting Demjanjuk), and regards Ze'ev Jabotinsky as a hero, as it features articles by Moysey Fishbein^[22] as well as a few other articles,^[23] although the party does defend alleged Nazi war criminal John Demjanjuk; who they believe is wrongly accused.

Goals

Leaders

Symbols

The flag of the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists is a rectangular two-color banner with two horizontal halves. The upper half is red and the bottom half is black. It is inspired by the flag of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. There emblem is based on that of the former Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. The red background circle is in-framed by the black (outside) and gold (inside) line with a cross which is placed in the middle and appears to be as a sword. The sword, being aimed blade down, has a dual meaning: the organization in its activities is guided by the principles of Christian morality and the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists is ready to protect the Ukrainian State.

Motto

Electoral results

References

1. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=F_QMCypjpXwC&pg=PA78&dq=Congress+of+Ukrainian+Nationalists&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=jeEFT4-aFoOq-gaQnKWrAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Congress%20of%20Ukrainian%20Nationalists&f=false Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990s: A Minority Faith] by Andrew Wilson, Cambridge University Press, 1996, {{ISBN|0521574579}} (page 78)
2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=bGPjqNGPc40C&pg=PA197&dq=Congress+of+Ukrainian+Nationalists&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=2fAFT7z7B82a-gbkh7StDw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Congress%20of%20Ukrainian%20Nationalists&f=false Heroes and Villains: Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine] by David Marples, Central European University Press, 2007, {{ISBN|963-7326-98-7}} (page 197)
3. ^¹²{{uk icon}} [https://archive.is/20121222115408/http://www.minjust.gov.ua/0/36528 «Конгрес Українських Націоналістів» офіційно повідомив про зміну партійного лідера], Ukrainian Ministry of Justice (9 September 2011)
4. ^¹²[https://books.google.com/books?id=LzChTG9xYJcC&pg=PA353&dq=1998+Ukraine+national+front+6+seats&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=OB8lUYysD8eW0QWz5oCYDw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=1998%20Ukraine%20national%20front%206%20seats&f=false State-Building: A Comparative Study of Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, and Russia] by Verena Fritz, Central European University Press, 2008, {{ISBN|9637326995}} (page 353)
5. ^Deputies/Elected in multi-mandate constituency/Elections 29.11.1998 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173047/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/pls/vd2002/webproc0e?kodvib=11&rejim=0 |date=March 3, 2016 }}, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
6. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=bGPjqNGPc40C&pg=PA102&dq=Roman+Zvarych&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=CfUFT_iJK8af-waAs62uAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Roman%20Zvarych&f=false Heroes and Villains: Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine] by David Marples, Central European University Press, 2007, {{ISBN|963-7326-98-7}} (page 102)
7. ^Analysis: The Faces Of Ukraine's New Cabinet, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (8 August 2006)
8. ^Verkhovna Rada approves new Cabinet members, UNIAN (11 November 2006)
9. ^¹²Shekhovtsov, Anton (2011)."The Creeping Resurgence of the Ukrainian Radical Right? The Case of the Freedom Party". Europe-Asia Studies Volume 63, Issue 2. pp. 203-228. {{doi|10.1080/09668136.2011.547696}} (source also available [https://www.academia.edu/1209355/The_Creeping_Resurgence_of_the_Ukrainian_Radical_Right_The_Case_of_the_Freedom_Party here])
10. ^{{ru icon}} КУН не пойдет в Раду вне очереди, Kommersant (August 7, 2007)
11. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{uk icon}} Конгресс Українських Націоналістів, Database DATA
12. ^{{uk icon}} Results of the elections, preliminary data, on interactive maps by Ukrayinska Pravda (November 8, 2010)
13. ^{{uk icon}} Proportional votes {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030000000/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/vnd2012/wp300pt001f01%3D900.html |date=October 30, 2012 }} & Constituency seats {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105073259/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/vnd2012/wp039pt001f01%3D900.html |date=November 5, 2012 }}, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://ukranews.com/uk/news/ukraine/2012/07/31/75903|publisher=ukranews.com|title=ukranews.com/uk/news/ukraine/2012/07/31/75903|accessdate=2017-06-18}}
15. ^{{uk icon}} Candidates, RBC Ukraine
16. ^Party of Regions gets 185 seats in Ukrainian parliament, Batkivschyna 101 - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (12 November 2012)
17. ^Poroshenko Bloc to have greatest number of seats in parliament {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110220835/http://utr.tv/eng/news-from-www-ukrinform-ua/327072-poroshenko_bloc_to_have_greatest_number_of_seats_in_parliament_327072.html |date=2014-11-10 }}, Ukrainian Television and Radio (8 November 2014)
People's Front 0.33% ahead of Poroshenko Bloc with all ballots counted in Ukraine elections - CEC {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112000000/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/233404.html |date=November 12, 2014 }}, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2014)
Poroshenko Bloc to get 132 seats in parliament - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2014)
18. ^Political parties in the electoral process in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
19. ^Data on vote counting in the nationwide election district, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
20. ^{{uk icon}} [https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2018/11/19/7198643/ The nationalists have been identified with a presidential candidate], Ukrayinska Pravda (19 November 2018)
21. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=9gGKtLTQlUcC&pg=PA955&dq=Congress+of+Ukrainian+Nationalists&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=vesFT6-hF8eN-wa0-LShAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Congress%20of%20Ukrainian%20Nationalists&f=false Political Parties of Eastern Europe: A Guide to Politics in the Post-Communist Era] by Janusz Bugajski, M. E. Sharpe, 2002, {{ISBN|1-56324-676-7}} (page 956)
22. ^ЄВРЕЙСЬКА КАРТА в російських спецопераціях проти України, Moysey Fishbein, CUN.org.ua (article on Zionism and Ukrainian Nationalism) (Ukrainian-language)
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://cun.org.ua/2006/kiyiv-vidznachiv-65-richnitsyu-progoloshennya-aktu-vidnovlennya-ukrayinskoyi-derzhavi/|publisher=cun.org.ua|title=Київ відзначив 65 річницю проголошення Акту відновлення Української Держави | Конгрес українських націоналістів|accessdate=2017-06-18}}
24. ^Nationalists want all monuments to Lenin removed from Ukraine, Kyiv Post (7 November 2011)