词条 | Dum Dum |
释义 |
| name = Dum Dum | other_name = | settlement_type = Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta) | image_skyline = File:Jessore Road - Dum Dum - Kolkata 2012-04-11 9428.JPG | image_alt = | image_caption = Jessore Road at Dum Dum | nickname = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = India Kolkata#India West Bengal#India | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kolkata, West Bengal, India | coordinates = {{coord|22.62|N|88.42|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = West Bengal | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = North 24 Parganas |subdivision_type3 = Region |subdivision_name3 = Greater Kolkata | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = Municipality | governing_body = Dum Dum Municipality | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = 9.23 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 11 | population_total = 114,786 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Bengali, English | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 700028, 700065, 700074, 700080 | area_code_type = Telephone code | area_code = +91 33 | registration_plate = WB | blank1_name_sec1 = Lok Sabha constituency | blank1_info_sec1 = Dum Dum | blank2_name_sec1 = Vidhan Sabha constituency | blank2_info_sec1 = Dum Dum | website = {{URL|north24parganas.nic.in}} | footnotes = }} Dum Dum is a city and a municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). EtymologyDuring the 19th century the area was home to the Dum Dum Arsenal, a British Royal Artillery armoury, where, in the early 1890s, Captain Neville Bertie-Clay developed a bullet with the jacket cut away at the tip to reveal its soft lead core (see hollow-point bullet), known informally as a dum-dum,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] or more correctly as an expanding bullet. The previous name of Dumdum was "Domdoma". HistoryDum Dum was sparsely populated before the British came. The area was slightly elevated. On 6 February 1757, an accord was signed at Dum Dum by the Nawab of Bengal to allow the British to build forts at Calcutta, Dacca and Kashim Bazar. In 1783 a cantonment was established at Dum Dum. Military barracks were built and civilians started coming in to provide essential services to the military personnel. A Cantonment Board was formed to provide civic amenities. The ordnance factory was established at Dum Dum in 1846. It may be noted that both North Dumdum municipality and South Dumdum municipality were established in 1870 thereby somewhat defining administratively the different parts of an earlier undefined Dum Dum "area".[8][9][10][11] Dum Dum was a separate subdivision for a short period. (See Barrackpore subdivision for more information). During the early years of the cantonment the British waged several imperial wars, out of which the wars in Burma, Nepal, the Deccan and Afganisthan were costly in blood and lives. Two monuments were erected to commemorate their memory. During the 1857 disturbances the Indian sepoys posted at Dum Dum were affected, and Mangal Pandey was hanged from a tree at Dum Dum cantonment (he/ his dead body was probably hanged at both Barrackpore and Dum Dum). Dum Dum cantonment was closed down and the Cantonment Board was replaced by Dum Dum Municipality in 1929. The temporary set back to Dum Dum arising from abolition of the cantonment and departure of British troops, was partially made up with the shifting of Jessop & Co. from Howrah to Dum Dum in 1928 and establishment of the Gramophone Company at Dum Dum in 1929. Bengal Flying Club, established in 1920, had a small fleet of single engine moth planes. The independence movement led to the sudden development of the Central Jail, where many top leaders and more numerous unknown patriots were lodged. The old military barracks made way for multi-storied jail barracks. The environment quite often reverberated with the chanting of Vande Mataram.[8] With the partition of Bengal in 1947, "millions of refugees poured in from erstwhile East Pakistan."[12] In the initial stages bulk of the refugees were non-agriculturists. A few of them made their own arrangements, but "it was squatters who made the East Bengali refugees famous or infamous." Squatting (jabardakhal in Bengali) ranged from the forcible occupation of barracks to the collective take-over of private, government and waste land. "This happened as early as 1948 with middle class refugees in the Jadavpur area: first on government land and then on private property, leading to violent clashes. Having won the battle, the elated squatters named their colony ‘Bijaygarh’, the Fort of Victory." By 1949, there were 40 such colonies in Jadavpur, Kasba, Santoshpur, Garia and Behala, in the south-eastern part of the city, and 65 in the Dum Dum and Panihati zone in the north. Subsequently squatters colonies also came up along the west bank of the Hooghly and by 1950, there were 150 such colonies. It has to be borne in mind that the squatters were in a way "self-settlers" in the absence of adequate official arrangements for rehabilitation. Within a very short time the refugees (quite often with government/ administrative support) not only found a place to stay but developed a society with markets, schools, temples and sometimes even colleges, hospitals and recreational centres.[13][14] Efforts have been made in more recent years to regularise land/property rights in the refugee colonies.[15][16][17][18] Geography{{OSM Location map| width=300| height=330| zoom=11 | coord={{coord|22|41|47|N|88|24|32|E}}| float=left|caption=Cities and towns in the southern portion of Barrackpore subdivision in North 24 Parganas district M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, N: neighbourhood/ administrative location Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly | minimap = file| mini-file = India West Bengal adm location map.svg | mini-width = 103 | mini-height = 158 | minipog-x = 66 | minipog-y = 120 | scalemark = 110 | minimap-boxwidth=12|nolabels=1 |mark-coord1={{coord|22|46|24|N|88|21|49|E}} | label-pos1=left|label1=Barrackpore| numbered1=M | mark-title1=Barrackpore (M)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#800000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2 |mark-coord2={{coord|22|45|35|N|88|21|30|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2=Barrackpore |labela2=Cantonment| mark-title2=Barrackpore Cantonment| numbered2=0| shape-color2=#AA6666|label-offset-y2=-2 |mark-coord3={{coord|22|45|16|N|88|23|24|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3=Chak Kanthalia| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=Chak Kanthalia (CT)|shape-color3=#A40000 |mark-coord4={{coord|22|44|52|N|88|24|31|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4=Ruiya| numbered4=CT| mark-title4= Ruiya (CT)|shape-color4=#A40000 |mark-coord5={{coord|22|44|12|N|88|23|38|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5=Patulia| numbered5=CT | mark-title5= Patulia (CT)|shape-color5=#A40000 |mark-coord6={{coord|22|43|48|N|88|23|38|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6=Bandipur| numbered6=CT| mark-title6= Bandipur (CT)|shape-color6=#A40000 |mark-coord7={{coord|22|44|14|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7=Titagarh| numbered7=M | mark-title7= Titagarh (M)|shape-color7=#800000 |mark-coord8={{coord|22|43|10|N|88|22|1|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8=Khardaha| numbered8=M| mark-title8= Khardaha (M) |mark-coord9={{coord|22|41|31|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9=Panihati| numbered9=M| mark-title9= Panihati (M) |mark-coord10={{coord|22|41|57|N|88|24|32|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10=Ghola| numbered10=N| mark-title10= Ghola (N)|shape-color10=#C42222 |mark-coord11={{coord|22|42|28|N|88|24|41|E}} | label-pos11=top|label11=Bilkanda| numbered11=CT| mark-title11= Bilkanda (CT)|shape-color11=#A40000 |mark-coord12={{coord|22|41|30|N|88|25|12|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Muragachha| numbered12=CT| mark-title12= Muragachha (CT)|shape-color12=#A40000 |mark-coord13={{coord|22|42|41|N|88|26|0|E}} | label-pos13=right|label13=Talbandha| numbered13=CT| mark-title13= Talbandha (CT)|shape-color13=#A40000 |mark-coord14={{coord|22|41|3|N|88|26|5|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14=Chandpur| numbered14=CT| mark-title14= Chandpur (CT)|shape-color14=#A40000 |mark-coord15={{coord|22|40|24|N|88|24|53|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15=Teghori| numbered15=CT| mark-title15= Teghori (CT)|shape-color15=#A40000 |mark-coord16={{coord|22|42|7|N|88|23|22|E}} | label-pos16=left|label16=Sodepur| numbered16=N| mark-title16= Sodepur (N)| shape-color16=#C42222 |mark-coord17={{coord|22|40|48|N|88|22|48|E}} | label-pos17=left|label17=Agarpara| numbered17=N| mark-title17= Agarpara (N)|shape-color17=#C42222 |mark-coord18={{coord|22|42|15|N|88|26|25|E}} | label-pos18=right|label18=New Barrackpore| numbered18=M| mark-title18= New Barrackpore (M)| |mark-coord19={{coord|22|41|10|N|88|22|13|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Kamarhati| numbered19=M| mark-title19= Kamarhati (M) |mark-coord20={{coord|22|40|2|N|88|22|42|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20= Belgharia| numbered20=N| mark-title20= Belgharia (N)|shape-color20=#C42222 |mark-coord21={{coord|22|38|0|N|88|22|12|E}} | label-pos21=top|label21= Baranagar| numbered21=M| mark-title21= Baranagar (M) |mark-coord22={{coord|22|38|45|N|88|25|56|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Dum Dum| numbered22=M| mark-title22= Dum Dum (M)|shape-color22=black| label-size22=13|label-color22=black |mark-coord23={{coord|22|39|10|N|88|25|6|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23= North Dumdum| numbered23=M| mark-title23= North Dumdum (M) |mark-coord24={{coord|22|37|45|N|88|24|0|E}} | label-pos24=bottom|label24= South Dumdum| numbered24=M| mark-title24= South Dumdum (M) |mark-coord25={{coord|22|39|40|N|88|24|33|E}} | label-pos25=left|label25= Nimta| numbered25=N| mark-title25= Nimta (N)|shape-color25=#C42222 |mark-coord26={{coord|22|43|20|N|88|24|48|E}} | label-pos26=right|label26= Karna Madhabpur| numbered26=N| mark-title26= Karna Madhabpur (N)|shape-color26=#C42222 |mark-coord27={{coord|22.6292|88.3578}}| label27=Hooghly| label-color27 = #77A1CB| label-angle27=76| label-pos27=top| label-size27=9| mark-size27=0| mark-title27 =none |mark-coord28={{coord|22.6112|88.3578}}| label28=River| label-color28 = #77A1CB| label-angle28=114| label-pos28=top| label-size28=9| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none}} LocationDum Dum is located at {{Coord|22.62|N|88.42|E|}}.[19] It has an average elevation of 11 metres (36 feet). Dum Dum is bounded by North Dumdum (municipality) on the north and a part of the west, Rajarhat CD Block on the east, and South Dumdum (municipality) on the south and a part of the west.[20] 96% of the population of Barrackpore subdivision (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km2 The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.[21] For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire municipal area and thereafter ward-wise.Police stationDum Dum police station under Barrackpore Police Commissionerate has jurisdiction over Dum Dum and South Dumdum municipal areas.[22][23]Under Dumdum PS there are some Police Out Posts named 1. Kamardanga 2. Ghughudanga Post OfficesDum Dum is vast locality with many Postal Index Number numbers: Dum Dum has a delivery sub post office, with PIN 700028 in the Kolkata North Division of Kolkata district in Calcutta region. Other post offices with the same PIN are Rajabagan, Jugipara Shatgachhi, Kamalapur, Kumarpara, Nagerbazar and Ordnance Factory.[24][25] Durganagar has a non-delivery sub post office, with PIN 700065 in the Kolkata North Division of Kolkata district in Calcutta region. Other post offices with the same PIN are Subhas Nagar, Rabindra Nagar and Health Institute.[26] Motijheel has a delivery sub post office, with PIN 700074 in the Kolkata North Division of Kolkata district in Calcutta region. Other post offices with the same PIN are Dum Dum Road and Jawpore.[27] Jessore Road has a non-delivery sub post office, with PIN 700080 in the Kolkata North Division of Kolkata district in Calcutta region. The only other post office with the same PIN is Mall Road.[28] and also 700081 for area Rajbari, Nalta area. 700055 for Bangur Avenue and Dumdum park. 700030 for Ghughudanga, Seventanks(an area comes under Kolkata Municipal Corporation). DemographicsPopulation{{IndiaCensusPop|title= Population of Dum Dum |state= |1931=5350 |1941=7622 |1951=14002 |1961=20041 |1971=31363 |1981=33604 |1991=40961 |2001=101296 |2011=114786 |footnote=Source:[29] }} As per the 2011 Census of India, Dum Dum had a total population of 114,786, of which 58,566 (51%) were males and 56,220 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 8,259. The total number of literates in Dum Dum was 97,997 (91.99% of the population over 6 years). [30]As of 2001 India census,[31] Dumdum had a population of 102,319. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Dumdum has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 85% and, female literacy is 78%. In Dumdum, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age. Kolkata Urban AgglomerationThe following Municipalities, Census Towns and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in the 2011 census: Kanchrapara (M), Jetia (CT), Halisahar (M), Balibhara (CT), Naihati (M), Bhatpara (M), Kaugachhi (CT), Garshyamnagar (CT), Garulia (M), Ichhapur Defence Estate (CT), North Barrackpur (M), Barrackpur Cantonment (CB), Barrackpore (M), Jafarpur (CT), Ruiya (CT), Titagarh (M), Khardaha (M), Bandipur (CT), Panihati (M), Muragachha (CT) New Barrackpore (M), Chandpur (CT), Talbandha (CT), Patulia (CT), Kamarhati (M), Baranagar (M), South Dumdum (M), North Dumdum (M), Dum Dum (M), Noapara (CT), Babanpur (CT), Teghari (CT), Nanna (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG) and Panpur (OG).[32] EconomyIndustryThe following industrial units are located in Dum Dum:
InfrastructureAs per the District Census Handbook 2011, Dum Dum municipal city covered an area of 9.23 km2. Amongst the civic amenities it had open drains. Amongst the medical facilities It had 13 medicine shops. Amongst the educational facilities it had 31 primary schools, 10 secondary schools, 19 senior secondary schools, 1 degree college for arts/science/commerce and 77 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 10 auditorium/ community halls, 11 public libraries and 1 reading room. Amongst the commodities manufactured were rail wagons, gun and shell, and music CD. It had 6 bank branches.[39] See also Cities and towns in Barrackpore subdivision KMDADum Dum municipality is included in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area for which the KMDA is the statutory planning and development authority.[40][41] TransportDum Dum Cantonment and Durganagar railway stations are on the Sealdah-Bangaon line.[42]Dum Dum Junction railway station and Dum Dum metro station are in South Dumdum but are easily approachable from all parts of Dum Dum.[43] NH 12 (previously NH 34) running from Dalkhola to Bakkhali, locally popular as Jessore Road, passes through Dum Dum.[44][43]Buses ply both arterial roads: the Jessore Road and the Dum Dum Road. On Dum Dum Road the bus routes are 30B [Babughat-Gauripur], 202 [Nagerbazar-Science City], DN9 [Chapadali-[Dakshineswar]], Howrah-Nagerbazar Mini, Dankuni-Nagerbazar WBSTC, Rajchandrapur-Salt Lake white bus, S10 [Airport Gate No.1- Nabanna]. On Jessore road there are more routes: 3C/1 [Nagerbazar- Anandapur via APC Road], 3C/2 [Nagerbazae Anandapur via Bidhan Sarani], 30C, 30D [Dum Dum Cantt- Babughat], 30E, 45, 45A, 45B, 47, 47A, 47B, 79B [Barasat-Bagbazar], 91, 91A, 91B, 93, 211A, 215, 215/1, 219, 219/1, 221, 223, KB16, DN8, DN18, Bagbazar-Birohi, S-13, R.G.Kar-Barasat. The minor roads on which buses ply are R.N. Guha Road (30B/1), Birati-Nimta road (237), Laketown connector (221, 223, 30C, 211A, 47, 47A), and Gorabazar-Cantonment Road (30D). Travel within Dum DumThere are a plenty of blue and private taxis, and mini-buses available, as well as a few CSTC or WBSTC or CTC buses. Autos are plentiful and can be used for short stretches, for example to travel from Dum Dum Station to Nagerbazar, or Dum Dum Station to Chiriamore. Nagerbazar is the hub of autos where there are 4 routes originates viz: 1) Nagerbazar Dum Dum Junction 2) Nagerbazar Dum Dum Cantt 3) Nagerbazar Airport 1 no. gate 4) Nagerbazar Laketown-Jessore Road Connector In addition, there are taxis: Nagerbazar and Airport being the largest taxi stands; others are in Birati, Central Jail, Laketown, Bangur, and Kalindi. The Dum Dum Station area does not have many taxis as the area is extremely crowded. The other popular means of travel over short distances is the rickshaw, newly battery operated rickshaws [locally called Totos] can also be seen. EducationThe following colleges are located in Dum Dum:
The following schools are located in Dum Dum:
See also - North Dumdum and South Dumdum for more schools in the Dum Dum area HealthcareDum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital at 4 Hari Mohan Dutta Road, Dum Dum Cantonment, has been modernised and updated with the objective of offering treatment on par with the best medical facilities in Kolkata. It has 105 beds. It has experienced doctors (4 doctors are available round-the-clock), qualified nurses, technicians and staff. It specialises in pace-maker implantation, total knee replacement, spinal surgery and has cardiac ambulance facility.[66][67] Dum Dum Central Jail Hospital functions with 100 beds.[66] See also{{Portal|Kolkata}}
References1. ^First world War 2. ^India 9 3. ^Encyclopedia 4. ^Specialist Ammunition Types 5. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20080103151053/http://www.african-hunter.com/303_british.htm 303 British] 6. ^BBC News 7. ^{{cite encyclopedia| year = 2009 | title = Dum Dum | encyclopedia = Encyclopædia Britannica | url = http://www.search.eb.com/eb/article-9031421| accessdate = 2009-05-18}} 8. ^1 {{cite web | url = https://dumdummunicipality.wordpress.com/ | title = Dum Dum Municipality | work = Chronicles of Dum Dum | publisher = DDM | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ordnancedumdum.gov.in/index.php | title = Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | work = History – Dum Dum Story | publisher = OFDD | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web | url = http://northdumdummunicipality.org/ | title = North Dum Dum municipality | work = About us | publisher = NDM | accessdate = 11 June 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_South%20dum%20dum%20Municipality.htm | title = South Dum Dum Municipality | publisher = Barrackpore administration | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 12. ^Chatterjee, Monideep, "Town Planning in Calcutta: Past, Present and Future", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Page 142, First published 1990, 2005 edition, ISBN 019 563697 13. ^Chatterjee, Nilanjana, "The East Bengal Refugees: A Lesson in Survival", in "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Pages 72-75, First published 1990, 2005 edition, ISBN 019 563697 14. ^{{cite web| url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271664458_The_Myths_Refugees_Live_By_Memory_and_history_in_the_making_of_Bengali_refugee_identity |title = The Myths Refugees Live By Memory and History of the Making of Bengali Refugee Identity |first=Uditi|last=Sen|work = 2014, Page 48 | publisher= Modern Asian Studies, 48, doi:10.1017/S0026749X12000613 | accessdate = 5 March 2018}} 15. ^{{cite web| url = https://bangalnama.wordpress.com/2009/08/31/the-refugee-city-partition-and-kolkata%E2%80%99s-postcolonial-landscape/ |title = The Refugee City: Partition and Kolkata’s Post-colonial landscape| publisher= Bangalnama, 31 August 2009| accessdate = 13 March 2018}} 16. ^{{cite web| url = https://www.academia.edu/2132220/Dilemmas_of_Diaspora_Partition_Refugees_and_the_Politics_of_Home_|title = Dilemas of Diaspora: Partition, Refugees and the Politics of ‘Home’|work = Pablo Bose | publisher= academia.edu| accessdate = 13 March 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web| url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/4m-refugees-entered-West-Bengal-after-1971/articleshow/660584.cms|title = 4m refugees entered West Bengal after 1971 |work = Nirmalya Banerjee | publisher= The Times of India, 11 August 2000| accessdate = 13 March 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1080730/jsp/calcutta/story_9620602.jsp|title = Civic tax net on colony plots | publisher= 30 July 2008| accessdate = 13 March 2018}} 19. ^Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Dum Dum 20. ^{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf |title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Map of Barrackpore II CD Block on Page 379 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| accessdate = 19 July 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 2 May 2018}} 22. ^{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Table 2.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 11 June 2018}} 23. ^{{cite web| url = http://policewb.gov.in/wbp/bkp_commissionerate.php |title = Barrackpore Police Commissionerate | work= List of Police Stations with telephone numbers |publisher= West Bengal Police | accessdate = 11 June 2018}} 24. ^{{cite web|url= https://www.indiapost.gov.in/VAS/Pages/LocatePostOffices.aspx|title=Locate Post Offices |last=|first=|publisher=Postal Department |accessdate=22 July 2018|work=West Bengal}} 25. ^{{cite web | url = http://pincodezip.in/pincode/west-bengal/kolkata/kolkata-north/dumdum | title = Dum Dum PIN Code | publisher = pincodezip.in |accessdate = 22 July 2018}} 26. ^{{cite web | url = http://pincodezip.in/pincode/west-bengal/kolkata/kolkata-north/durganagar | title = Durganagar PIN Code | publisher = pincodezip.in |accessdate = 22 July 2018}} 27. ^{{cite web | url = http://pincodezip.in/pincode/west-bengal/kolkata/kolkata-north/motijheel | title = Motijheel PIN Code | publisher = pincodezip.in |accessdate = 22 July 2018}} 28. ^{{cite web | url = http://pincodezip.in/pincode/west-bengal/kolkata/kolkata-north/jessore-road | title = Jessore Road PIN Code | publisher = pincodezip.in |accessdate = 22 July 2018}} 29. ^{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |accessdate = 11 June 2018}} 30. ^{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 7 June 2018 }} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=1 November 2008|work= |publisher= Census Commission of India}} 32. ^{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | work= Constituents of Urban Agglomeration Having Population Above 1 Lakh |publisher= Census of India 2011 | accessdate = 7 June 2018}} 33. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ordnancedumdum.gov.in/aboutus/about.php | title = Ordnance Factory Dum Dum| publisher = Indian Ordnance Factories | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 34. ^{{cite web | url = http://jessop.co.in/about_us/history.php | title = Welcome to Jessop & Co. Ltd. | work = History | publisher = Jessop | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 35. ^{{cite web | url = http://jessop.co.in/pdf/jessop_ppt.pdf | title = Jessop & Co. Ltd., Kolkata| publisher = Jessop | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 36. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20091019-jessop-rebuilding-history-741062-2009-10-15 | title = Jessop Rebuilding History| first=Elora | last= Sen | publisher = India Today, 15 October 2009 | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 37. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/nov/26spec3.htm | title = How Ruia turned Jessop around| work = Source: Business Standard | publisher = Rediff.com 26 November 2005| accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 38. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/7CfWBoy2w5ezqPB5f4ndzM/The-house-of-vinyl.html | title = The house of vinyl | work = Kolkata Chromosome |first= Shamik|last= Bag| publisher = live mint, 23 September 2010 | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} 39. ^{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Pages 791-794; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Pages 795-796; Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 803-805 Section: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |accessdate = 31 May 2018}} 40. ^{{cite web | url = https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/QVRNUU5QNW5kK1dCRDQ3V0pmRXBqQitJRU9kS1k1WEhRblBLdmc1ZVZNMW5WZlZRTHRLd0hxUHc4dlk2VWQ4WmhueGdBSURnc0w2OUZqZzl4WXFTRVE9PQ== | title = Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authoity, Annual Report 2010-11 | work = 1/1 Kolkata Metropolitan Area Map | publisher = KMDA | accessdate = 7 June 2018}} 41. ^{{cite web | url = https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/MTFVek5Lc3UrYmJ4R0xLM3ZqRTdKQWJlK2tJV3BicHZGNjB1Uldpa0JLTXM0RHd6Q29vWXViQlBLSmNPQkZsZW5hcDFwM1VaUTQwaHJlVDQ5NG5FeWc9PQ== | title = Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority, Annual Report 2010-11 | work = 1 / 2 Role of KMDA | publisher = KMDA | accessdate = 7 June 2018}} 42. ^{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/sealdah-bangaon-local-33811/17298/325/7814#st | title = 33811 Seldah Bangaon Local | work= Time Table | publisher = indiarailinfo |accessdate = 26 May 2018}} 43. ^1 Google maps 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways|publisher=Department of Road Transport and Highways|accessdate=16 September 2016|location=New Delhi}} 45. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.dumdummotijheelcollege.in/ | title = Dum Dum Motijheel College | publisher = DDMC |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 46. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/Dumdum_Motijheel_College/Notice2015/admission_notice_2015.shtml | title = Dum Dum Motijheel College | publisher = College Admission |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 47. ^{{cite web | url = http://ddmrm.org/ | title = Dum Dum Motijheel Rabindra Mahavidyalaya | publisher = DDMRM |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 48. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/Dumdum_Motijheel_Rabindra_Mahavidyalaya/Dumdum_Motijheel_Rabindra_Mahavidyalaya.shtml | title = Dum Dum Motijheel Rabindra Mahaviyalaya | publisher = College Admission |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 49. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.sncwgs.ac.in/academics/admission/ | title = Sarojini Naidu College for Women | publisher = SNCW |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 50. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/Sarojini_Naidu_College_for_Women/Sarojini_Naidu_College_for_Women.shtml | title = Sarojini Naidu College for Women | publisher = College Admission |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 51. ^{{cite web | url = http://rksmvv.ac.in/ | title = Ramakrishna Sarada Mission Vivekananda Vidyabhaban | publisher = RSMVV |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 52. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/Ramkrishna_Sarada_Mission_Vivekananda_Vidyabhavan/Ramkrishna_Sarada_Mission_Vivekananda_Vidyabhavan.shtml | title = Ramakrishna Sarada Mission Vivekananda Vidyabhaban | publisher = collegesdmission.in |accessdate = 8 May 2018}} 53. ^Indian College of Arts and Draftsmanship 54. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.grotal.com/Website-of-Dum-Dum-Subhasnagar-High-School-in-Kolkata-264691/ | title = Dum Dum Subhasnagar High School | publisher = Grotal | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 55. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.findglocal.com/IN/KOLKATA/459078624155908/Dum-Dum-Subhash-Nagar-High-School | title = Dum Dum Subhasnagar High School| publisher = Find Glocal | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 56. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.grotal.com/Website-of-Dum-Dum-Baidyanath-Institution-in-Kolkata-265289/ | title = Dum Dum Bidyanath Institution | publisher = Grotal | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 57. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.icbse.com/schools/dum-dum-girls-high-school/19114202005 | title = Dum Dum Girls’ High School | publisher = ICBSE | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 58. ^{{cite web | url = http://schoolsofkolkata.com/kolkataschools/Dum%20Dum%20Girls%20High%20School.html | title = Dum Dum Girls High School | publisher = Schools of Kolkata | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 59. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.grotal.com/Website-of-Dum-Dum-Motijheel-Girls-High-School-in-Kolkata-264643/ | title = Dum Dum Motijheel Girls’ High School | publisher = Grotal | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 60. ^{{cite web | url = http://dumdummotijheelgirlshighschool.blogspot.com/ | title = Dum Dum Motijheel Girls’ High School | publisher = DDMHS| accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 61. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.kvofdumdum.in/english-genesis | title = Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | publisher = KDOFDD | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 62. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.schoolmykids.com/school/kendriya-vidyalaya-ordnance-factory-dum-dum-kolkata-kolkata-west-bengal/ | title = Kendriya Vidyalaya Ordnance Factory Dum Dum | publisher = schoolmykids | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 63. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.icbse.com/schools/dum-dum-k-l-s-hindi-vidyalaya/19114201903 | title = Dum Dum K.L.S. Hindi Vidyalaya School | publisher = ICBSE | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 64. ^{{cite web | url = http://wbchse.nic.in/admin/North_24_pgs_school_list.php?page=20& | title = West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education| publisher = WBCHSE | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 65. ^{{cite web | url = https://schoolconnects.in/auxilium-convent-school-dum-dum | title = Auxilium Convent School, Dum Dum| publisher = School Connects | accessdate = 29 July 2018}} 66. ^1 {{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 23 July 2018}} 67. ^{{cite web | url = http://ddmsh.com/ | title = Highlights of the Three Year Old | publisher = Dum Dum Municipal Specialised Hospital | accessdate = 20 July 2018}} External links{{commons category}}
3 : Cities and towns in North 24 Parganas district|Neighbourhoods in Kolkata|Kolkata Metropolitan Area |
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