| 词条 | Dwight F. Davis |
| 释义 |
|name = Dwight Davis |image = Dwight Davis, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg |office = Governor-General of the Philippines |president = Herbert Hoover |term_start = July 8, 1929 |term_end = January 9, 1932 |predecessor = Eugene Allen Gilmore {{small|(Acting)}} |successor = George C. Butte {{small|(Acting)}} |office1 = 49th United States Secretary of War |president1 = Calvin Coolidge |term_start1 = October 14, 1925 |term_end1 = March 4, 1929 |predecessor1 = John W. Weeks |successor1 = James Good |office2 = United States Assistant Secretary of War |appointer2 = Calvin Coolidge |term_start2 = 1923 |term_end2 = 1925 |predecessor2 = Mayhew Wainwright |successor2 = Hanford MacNider |birth_name = Dwight Filley Davis |birth_date = {{birth date|1879|7|5}} |birth_place = St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. |death_date = {{nowrap|{{death date and age|1945|11|28|1879|7|5}}}} |death_place = Washington, D.C., U.S. |party = Republican |education = Harvard University {{small|(BA)}} Washington University {{small|(LLB)}} |module = {{Infobox tennis biography |embed = yes |turnedpro = 1895 {{small|(amateur tour)}} |retired = 1902 |plays = Left-handed (one-handed backhand) |highestsinglesranking = No. 5 (1900) |USOpenresult = F (1898, 1899) |Othertournaments = yes |Olympicsresult = 2R (1904) |WimbledonDoublesresult = F (1901) |USOpenDoublesresult = W (1899, 1900, 1901) |OthertournamentsDoubles = yes |OlympicsDoublesresult = QF (1904) |Team = yes |DavisCupresult = W (1900, 1902)}} }} Dwight Filley Davis, Sr. (July 5, 1879 – November 28, 1945) was an American tennis player and politician. He is best remembered as the founder of the Davis Cup international tennis competition. He was the Assistant Secretary of War from 1923 to 1925 and Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929. Biography{{stack|}}Dwight Filley Davis was born in St. Louis, Missouri on July 5, 1879. His grandfather, Oliver Dwight Filley was mayor of St. Louis from 1858 to 1861.[1] A cousin, Chauncey Ives Filley served as mayor of St. Louis from 1863 to 1864.[2] He reached the All-Comers final for the Men's Singles title at the US Championships in 1898 and 1899. He then teamed up with Holcombe Ward and won the Men's Doubles title at the championships for three years in a row from 1899 to 1901. Davis and Ward were also Men's Doubles runners-up at Wimbledon in 1901. Davis also won the American intercollegiate singles championship of 1899 as a student at Harvard College. In 1900 Davis developed the structure for, and donated a silver bowl to go to the winner of, a new international tennis competition designed by him and three others known as the International Lawn Tennis Challenge, which was later renamed the Davis Cup in his honor. He was a member of the US team that won the first two competitions in 1900 and 1902, and was also the captain of the 1900 team. He participated in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He was eliminated in the second round of the singles tournament. In the doubles tournament he and his partner Ralph McKittrick lost in the quarter-finals.[3] Political serviceDavis was educated at Washington University Law School, though he was never a practicing attorney. He was, however, politically active in his home town of St. Louis and served as the city's public parks commissioner from 1911 to 1915. During his tenure, he expanded athletic facilities and created the first municipal tennis courts in the United States. He served President Calvin Coolidge as Assistant Secretary of War (1923–25) and as Secretary of War (1925–29). He then served as Governor General of the Philippines (1929–32) under Herbert Hoover. Army serviceDavis trained at the Preparedness Movement Citizens' Military Training Camp in 1915. From 1916 to 1917 he toured Europe as part of the Rockefeller War Relief Board. With war declared Davis enlisted as a private in the Missouri National Guard and was commissioned in August 1917[4]. Going to France, Davis was promoted to Major and became adjutant of the 69th Infantry Brigade of the 35th Infantry Division. During this period he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross[5]. After the war he was a Colonel in the Army Reserves. In 1942 Davis was the first and only Director General of the short lived Army Specialist Corps[6]. On the disbandment of the unit became an advisor with the rank of Major General[7]. Personal lifeHis first wife, Helen Brooks, whom he married in 1905, died in 1932.[8] He married Pauline Sabin in 1936. He wintered in Florida from 1933 until his death, living at Meridian Plantation, near Tallahassee.[9] DeathDavis died at his home in Washington, D.C. on November 28, 1945, after a six-month illness.[8][10] LegacyHis daughter Alice Brooks Davis was married to the British Ambassador to the United States Sir Roger Makins. Another daughter, Cynthia Davis, was married to banker William McChesney Martin, Jr, the longest-serving Federal Reserve director (1951-1970) who served under five presidents (Truman to Nixon). Davis was honored with a star on the St. Louis Walk of Fame.[11] References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ourfamtree.org/browse.php/Dwight-Filley-Davis/p477019|title=Dwight Filley Davis Family Tree}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Filley,_Chauncey_Ives|title=Chauncey Ives Filley biography}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/da/dwight-davis-1.html |title=Dwight F. Davis Olympic Results |accessdate=2014-01-27 |work=sports-reference.com |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201230735/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/da/dwight-davis-1.html |archivedate=2014-02-01 |df= }} 4. ^p. 94 Sobel, Robert Biographical Directory of the United States Executive Branch, 1774-1989 Greenwood Publishing Group, 1990 5. ^http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/dfdavis.htm 6. ^p. 96 Specialist Corps Formed Popular Science October 1942 7. ^p. 94 Sobel, Robert Biographical Directory of the United States Executive Branch, 1774-1989 Greenwood Publishing Group, 1990 8. ^1 Political Graveyard Genealogies 9. ^"Davis Cup has local tie". Tallahassee Democrat, 6 December 2007: 3C 10. ^{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Dwight Davis Dies. War Ex-Secretary. Member of Coolidge's Cabinet. First Soldier to Hold Post Since '69. New Deal Foe. Donor Of The Tennis Cup. Former Champion Himself, He Created International Trophy. Hero of First World War. Succeeded John W. Weeks. Twice Double Champion. Sold Progress in Philippines |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1945/11/29/archives/dwight-davis-dies-war-exsecretary-member-of-coolidges-cabinet-first.html |quote= |newspaper=The New York Times |date= }} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stlouiswalkoffame.org/inductees/?view=achievement|title=St. Louis Walk of Fame Inductees|last=St. Louis Walk of Fame|publisher=stlouiswalkoffame.org|accessdate=25 April 2013}} External links
| before= John W. Weeks | after= James W. Good | years= October 14, 1925 – March 4, 1929 | president= Calvin Coolidge | department= Secretary of War}}{{S-gov}}{{Succession box |title=Governor-General of the Philippines |before=Eugene Allen Gilmore |after=Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. |years=1929–1932}}{{S-ach}}{{S-bef|before=Plutarco Calles}}{{S-ttl|title=Cover of Time Magazine |years=15 December 1924}}{{S-aft|after=Alfonso XIII of Spain}}{{s-end}}{{Portal bar|Biography|United States Army|Tennis|World War I}}{{U.S. National Championships Men's doubles champions}}{{USSecWar}}{{American Governors-General of the Philippines}}{{Coolidge cabinet}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Davis, Dwight F.}} 30 : 1879 births|1945 deaths|19th-century American people|19th-century male tennis players|American athlete-politicians|American male tennis players|American military personnel of World War I|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery|Davis Cup|Founders of sporting institutions|Governors-General of the Philippine Islands|Harvard Crimson men's tennis players|Harvard College alumni|Olympic tennis players of the United States|Sportspeople from St. Louis|Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees|Tennis people from Missouri|Tennis players at the 1904 Summer Olympics|United States Army colonels|United States Secretaries of War|Washington University School of Law alumni|Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles|Coolidge administration cabinet members|20th-century American politicians|History of tennis|Missouri Republicans|United States Assistant Secretaries of War|Missouri National Guard personnel|United States Army reservists |
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