| 词条 | 14th Street–Union Square (New York City Subway) | ||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = 14 Street–Union Square | type = complex | bg_color = black | image = Union Square Subway 3760070985 d4b6a3d4fa2.jpg | image_caption = Station entrance within Union Square Park | division = IRT/BMT | line = BMT Broadway Line BMT Canarsie Line IRT Lexington Avenue Line | service = Union Square | connection = {{bus icon}} NYCT Bus: {{NYC bus link|M1|M2|M3|M14A|M14D|SIM7|SIM33|X27|X28}} | address = East 14th Street, Park Avenue South & Broadway New York, NY 10003 | borough = Manhattan | locale = Union Square, Gramercy | coordinates = {{coord|40|44|05|N|73|59|25|W|display=inline,title}} | lat_dir = N | lon_dir = W | open_date = {{start date and age|1948|July|1|p=y}}[1] | code = 602 | structure = Underground | levels = 3 | accessible = partial | acc_note = BMT Broadway Line & BMT Canarsie Line platforms only | wifi = yes | passengers = 34,557,551 (station complex)[2] | pass_year = 2017 | pass_percent = .8 | rank = 4 | legend = {{NYCS infobox legend|allexceptnights}}{{NYCS infobox legend|alltimes}}{{NYCS infobox legend|rushpeak}} | embedded = {{Infobox NRHP | embed = yes | name = 14th Street–Union Square Subway Station (IRT; Dual System BMT) | added = July 6, 2005 | mpsub = New York City Subway System MPS | refnum = 05000671[3] }} 14th Street–Union Square is a New York City Subway station complex shared by the BMT Broadway Line, the BMT Canarsie Line and the IRT Lexington Avenue Line. It is located at the intersection of Fourth Avenue and 14th Street, underneath Union Square in Manhattan, and is served by the:
In 2016, over 34 million passengers entered this station, making it the fourth-busiest station in the system.[2] The complex is located on the border of several neighborhoods with popular business, residential and nightlife destination spots, including the East Village to the southeast, Greenwich Village to the south and southwest, Chelsea to the northwest, and both the Flatiron District and Gramercy Park to the north and northeast. There are three originally separate stations here, which were combined on July 1, 1948. They now share a mezzanine, common entrance points, and unified signage. This complex was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.[4]{{TOC left}} {{Clear}}HistoryIn the 1990s, this station underwent a major station renovation. On July 9, 1993, the contract for the project's design was awarded for $2,993,948. As part of the contract, the consultant investigated whether it was feasible to reconfigure the IRT passageway, to reframe the exit structure on the Lexington Avenue platforms to accommodate the relocation and widening of stares, the construction of a new fan room, the removal of stairs on the Broadway Line platforms, the reframing of the existing structure, and the construction of a new staircase between the intermediate and IRT mezzanines. These were all deemed feasible, and in May 1994, a supplemental agreement worth $984,998 was reached to allow the consultant to prepare the design for this work.[5]{{Rp|C-57}} Station layout{{NYCS Platform Layout 14th Street-Union Square Station}}Exits
IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms{{Infobox NYCS| name = 14 Street–Union Square | image = 14 Street-Union Square IRT 003.JPG | image_caption = Downtown platform for the local services (left) and express services (right), showing the curvature of the station and the movable platforms | bg_color = #007527 | division = IRT | line = IRT Lexington Avenue Line | service = Lexington | platforms = 2 island platforms (in service) cross-platform interchange 2 side platforms (abandoned) | tracks = 4 | cross_platform = yes | open_date = {{start date and age|1904|October|27|p=y}}[7] | code = 406 | wifi = yes | accessible = mezzanine | next_north = {{NYCS next | type=express | line=IRT Lexington Avenue Line | station=Grand Central–42nd Street | service=Lexington express}} {{NYCS next | type=local | line=IRT Lexington Avenue Line | station=23rd Street | service=Lexington local}} {{NYCS next | station=18th Street | line=IRT Lexington Avenue Line | type=local; closed | service=none | type2=no service}} | next_south = {{NYCS next | type=local | line=IRT Lexington Avenue Line | station=Astor Place | service=Lexington local}} {{NYCS next | type=express | line=IRT Lexington Avenue Line | station=Brooklyn Bridge–City Hall | service=Lexington express}} | legend = {{NYCS infobox legend|allexceptnights}}{{NYCS infobox legend|alltimes}}{{NYCS infobox legend|nightsonly}}{{NYCS infobox legend|rushpeak}} }}{{Stack|float=right|{{Routemap |title=Track layout |title-bg=#{{NYCS color|Lexington}} |style=margin-left:10px;margin-top:10px;float:right; |legend =track |map= uvSTR!~MFADEg ~~ ~~ ~~ to 42 St udSTR!~dMFADEg\\uvSTR\\udSTR!~dMFADEg ~~ ~~ ~~ to 23 St uvSTRf\\uvSTRg d\\uv-SHI2r\\uvSTR\\udSTR\umN330 udSTR\\dBS\\uvSTR\\uvSTR- udSTR\\dBS\\uvSTR\\uvSHI2l- exdBSl\\udSTR\\dBS\\uvSTR\\dBS\\udSTR\\exdBSr exdBSl\\udSTR\\dBS\\uvSTR\\dBS\\udSTR\\exdBSr uvSHI2l-\\uvSTR\\dBS\\udSTR uv-STR\\uvSTR\\dBS\\udSTR uv-STR\\uvSTR\\uv-SHI2gr uv-STR\\uvSTR\\uvÜST uv-STR\\ubvvvSTR uv-STR\\ubvvvSTR uv-STR\\uvSTR\\uvSHI2g+l- uvSTRf\\uvSTRg udSTR!~dMFADEf\\uvSTR\\udSTR!~dMFADEf ~~ ~~ ~~ to Astor Pl uvSTR!~MFADEf ~~ ~~ ~~ to Brooklyn Br }} }} 14th Street–Union Square, opened on October 27, 1904, is an express station on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line that has four tracks and two island platforms. The uptown and downtown platforms are offset from each other and slightly curved. Gap-filling movable platforms on the downtown side are automatically operated via proximity sensors when trains arrive. The station's mezzanines are located over the platforms. The station has two abandoned local side platforms; the northbound one is visible through windows, bordered with wide, bright red frames. From the north end of the downtown platform's mezzanine, the adjacent side platform can be seen through a hole in the plywood. 1991 accident{{Main|1991 Union Square derailment}}On August 28, 1991, an accident just north of the station killed five riders and injured 215 others in one of the worst wrecks since a crash at Times Square–42nd Street on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line in 1928 that killed 16 people. The train operator, Robert Ray, was intoxicated and had been overshooting platforms during the entire run from Woodlawn in the Bronx. Just north of this station, his Utica Avenue-bound {{NYCS|4}} train was to be shifted to the local track due to repair work on the express one. He was running at 40 mph (65 km/h) at a 10 mph (16 km/h) zone and took the switch so fast that only the first car made it through the crossover. The rest of the train was involved in a derailment that led to a massive pile-up. Cars 1435, 1436, 1437, 1439, and 1440 were essentially scrapped on the site, and the IRT Lexington Line suffered heavy structural damage as a result. Service was disrupted for six days (with trains terminating at 59th Street for the duration) as transit workers cleaned up the wreckage. The entire infrastructure, including signals, switches, track, roadbed, cabling, and 23 support columns needed to be replaced. Ray was convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to 15 years in prison, but released in April 2002 for good behavior.[8][9] The wreck occurred at the entry to a former pocket track. Like 72nd Street on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line, this station was built with extra tracks on the approach to the station. These were between the local and express tracks and approximately {{convert|300|ft|m}} long. The idea was to have a "stacking" track where a train could be held momentarily until the platform cleared for it to enter the station. The tracks here and at 72nd Street were rendered useless when train lengths grew beyond these tracks' capacity. When the damage from the 1991 wreck was repaired, the stacking track was removed. Image galleryBMT Broadway Line platforms{{Infobox NYCS| name = 14 Street–Union Square | image = 14th Street-Union Square - Broadway Line Platform.jpg | image_caption = {{rint|newyork|R}} train of R46 cars departing on the local track | bg_color = #FFC800 | font_color = black | font_color_2 = black | division = BMT | line = BMT Broadway Line | service = Broadway | platforms = 2 island platforms cross-platform interchange | tracks = 4 | accessible = yes | acc_note = Transfer to IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms not accessible | open_date = {{start date and age|1917|September|4|p=y}}[10][11] | code = 015 | wifi = yes | next_north = {{NYCS next | type= express | line=BMT Broadway Line | station=34th Street–Herald Square | service=Broadway express}} {{NYCS next | type=local | line=BMT Broadway Line | station=23rd Street | service=Broadway local}} | next_south = {{NYCS next | type=local | line=BMT Broadway Line | station=Eighth Street–New York University | service=Broadway local}} {{NYCS next | type=express | line=BMT Broadway Line via Bridge | station=Canal Street | service=Broadway express}} | next_north_acc = {{NYCS next | line=BMT Broadway Line | station=34th Street–Herald Square | service=Broadway}} | next_south_acc = {{NYCS next | type=via tunnel | line=BMT Broadway Line | station=Cortlandt Street | service= Broadway south}} {{NYCS next | type=via bridge | line=BMT Fourth Avenue Line | station=DeKalb Avenue | service=Manhattan Bridge south DeKalb}} {{NYCS next | type=via bridge bypass | line=BMT Fourth Avenue Line | station=Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center | service=Manhattan Bridge south bypass }} | legend = {{NYCS infobox legend|allexceptnights}}{{NYCS infobox legend|alltimes}}{{NYCS infobox legend|nightsonly}}{{NYCS infobox legend|nightsweekends}}{{NYCS infobox legend|weekdaysonly}} }}{{stack|float=right|{{NYCS 4-tracked express station |1=23rd Street |l1=23 St |2=Eighth Street–New York University |l2=8 St–NYU |3=34th Street–Herald Square |l3=34 St |4=Canal Street |l4=Canal St |deg=345 |code=BMT Broadway Line |color=Broadway }} }} 14th Street–Union Square, opened on September 5, 1917, is an express station on the BMT Broadway Line that has four tracks and two island platforms. It is the southernmost station in Manhattan with a cross-platform interchange between all four Broadway services. A mosaic on the platform side walls is a depiction of "the junction of Broadway and … Bowery Road, 1828," as the area was once known. The mezzanine and crossover level has been reconstructed as well. Some former passageways and stairways have been closed off, including one immediately adjacent to the southernmost staircase on the northbound side. This station was overhauled in the late 1970s. The MTA replaced the original wall tiles, old signs, and incandescent lighting with the 1970s wall tile band and tablet mosaics, signs and fluorescent lights. They also fixed staircases and platform edges. In 2002, the station was upgraded for ADA-accessibility and its original late 1910s tiling was restored. As part of the upgrade, the MTA repaired the staircases, re-tiled for the walls and floors, upgraded the station's lights and the public address system, installed yellow safety treads along the platform edge, new signs, and new trackbeds in both directions. The station now has an elevator on both platforms as well as connection to the station entrances and passageway to the IRT Lexington Avenue Line. In 2005, an artwork called City Glow by Chiho Aoshima was installed here. Image galleryBMT Canarsie Line platform{{Infobox NYCS| name = Union Square | other_name = 14 Street–Union Square | image = Union Square - Canarsie Line Platform.jpg | image_caption = | bg_color = #838A88 | division = BMT | line = BMT Canarsie Line | service = Canarsie Manhattan | platforms = 1 island platform | tracks = 2 | accessible = yes | acc_note = transfer to IRT Lexington Avenue Line platforms not accessible | open_date = {{start date and age|1924|06|30|p=y}} | code = 117 | wifi = yes | next_topwest = {{NYCS next | station=Sixth Avenue | line=BMT Canarsie Line | service=Canarsie Manhattan}} | next_east = {{NYCS next | station=Third Avenue | line=BMT Canarsie Line | service=Canarsie Manhattan}} | next_topwest_acc = {{NYCS next | station=Eighth Avenue | line=BMT Canarsie Line | service=Canarsie Manhattan}} | next_east_acc = {{NYCS next | station=Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues | line=BMT Canarsie Line | service=Canarsie Manhattan}} | legend = {{NYCS infobox legend|alltimes}} }}{{stack|float=right|{{NYCS 2-tracked island platform station |1=Sixth Avenue |l1=6 Av |2=Third Avenue |l2=3 Av |3r=yes |deg=060 |code=BMT Canarsie Line |color=Canarsie |textcolor=white }} }} Union Square on the BMT Canarsie Line opened on June 30, 1924, as part of the 14th Street–Eastern Line, which ran from Sixth Avenue under the East River and through Williamsburg to Montrose Avenue and Bushwick Avenues.[12][13] The station has two tracks and one island platform with numerous stairways and exits leading from it. There is one mezzanine attached to this station with entrances on the south side of 14th Street between Broadway and University Place. Other entrances in the complex serve the other services that stop here. The original mosaic band of sky blue, sea green, lime green and yellow ochre stands clearly visible above new green-bordered tile panels. The station has been renovated and is now ADA-accessible with a single elevator going up from the platform to the mezzanine. As part of the 2015–2019 MTA Capital Program, there are plans to improve circulation and to reduce crowding at this platform. The stairs from the Broadway Line platforms were rebuilt in March 2019; the stair from the downtown Broadway Line platform was reconfigured entirely. Additionally, a new escalator will be installed from the east mezzanine to the platform for $15 million. This work will take place when this portion of the BMT Canarsie Line will be shut down for the Canarsie Tubes repairs.[14][15] {{Clear}}References1. ^The New York Times, [https://www.nytimes.com/1948/06/30/archives/transfer-points-under-higher-fare-board-of-transportation-lists.html Transfer Points Under Higher Fare], June 30, 1948, page 19 2. ^1 {{NYCS const|riderref}} 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov |title=NPS Focus |work=National Register of Historic Places |publisher=National Park Service |accessdate=January 25, 2012}} 4. ^New York County Listings at the National Register of Historic Places (Structure #05000671) 5. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=NYC Transit Committee Agenda May 1994|last=|first=|date=May 16, 1994|website=|publisher=New York City Transit|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|title=MTA Neighborhood Maps: Union Square / Gramercy|url=http://web.mta.info/maps/neighborhoods/mn/M07_UnionSq-Gramercy_2015.pdf|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=August 6, 2015|date=2015}} 7. ^The New York Times, Our Subway Open: 150,000 Try It, October 28, 1904 8. ^http://www.nysubway.com/safety/subwaysafety.html 9. ^44:10-50:10 in this video do a small documentary on the accident: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2KKVupF7Uug 10. ^The New York Times, [https://www.nytimes.com/1917/09/05/archives/open-first-section-of-broadway-line-train-carrying-1000-passengers.html Open First Section of Broadway Line], September 5, 1917 11. ^The New York Times, Open New Subway to Times Square, January 6, 1918 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1919/08/08/archives/subway-tunnel-through-passage-under-east-river-in-east-14th-street.html|title=Subway Tunnel Through|date=August 8, 1919|newspaper=The New York Times|accessdate=February 28, 2010}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1924/07/01/archives/celebrate-opening-of-subway-link-civic-and-city-officials-ride-in.html|title=Celebrate Opening of Subway Link|date=July 1, 1924|newspaper=The New York Times|accessdate=February 13, 2010}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/capitaldashboard/15_19/agencies/t/t7041416_project_narrative.htm|title=Circulation Improvements at Union Square on the Canarsie Line|last=|first=|date=December 31, 2017|website=web.mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|access-date=February 18, 2018}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/capital/pdf/WEB2015-2019Program_reduced.pdf|title=MTA Capital Program 2015-2019 Renew. Enhance. Expand.Amendment No. 2 As Proposed to the MTA Board May 2017|last=|first=|date=May 24, 2017|website=mta.info|access-date=May 24, 2017}} Further reading
External links
nycsubway.org:{{refbegin|2}}
Other websites:{{refbegin|2}}
11 : IRT Lexington Avenue Line stations|BMT Broadway Line stations|Broadway (Manhattan)|BMT Canarsie Line stations|New York City Subway transfer stations|Railway and subway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan|New York City Subway stations in Manhattan|New York City Subway stations located underground|Park Avenue|Railway stations in the United States opened in 1948|1948 establishments in New York (state) |
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