| 词条 | Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster |
| 释义 |
|name=Emily FitzGerald |image=Emily Duchess of Leinster 1753.jpg |caption=The Duchess of Leinster. 1753 portrait by Sir Joshua Reynolds. |title=Duchess of Leinster Marchioness of Kildare Countess of Kildare |parents=Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond Sarah Cadogan |birth_date=Lady Emilia Mary Lennox {{birth date|1731|10|6|df=y}} |death_date={{death date and age|1814|3|27|1731|10|6|df=y}} |death_place=Grosvenor Square, London |spouse=James FitzGerald, 1st Duke of Leinster William Ogilvie |children=22, including: William FitzGerald, 2nd Duke of Leinster Charles FitzGerald, 1st Baron Lecale Charlotte Strutt, 1st Baroness Rayleigh Lord Henry FitzGerald Lord Edward FitzGerald |nationality=British }} Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster (6 October 1731 – 27 March 1814), known before 1747 as Lady Emily Lennox, from 1747 to 1761 as The Countess of Kildare and from 1761 to 1766 as The Marchioness of Kildare, was the second of the famous Lennox sisters, daughters of Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond (who was illegitimately descended from King Charles II of England) and his wife Sarah Cadogan. Early lifeLady Emily married James FitzGerald, 20th Earl of Kildare, on 7 February 1747. After their wedding in London, the couple returned to Fitzgerald's native Ireland, first residing at Leinster House then Carton House. Their marriage was reportedly a happy one, despite Lord Kildare's infidelities. The couple had nineteen children:
Lord Kildare was created successively Marquess of Kildare and Duke of Leinster in recognition of his contribution to the political life of his country. It was partly the Duke's influence that led to a rift between the Duchess and her eldest sister, Caroline Fox, 1st Baroness Holland. Later lifeAfter the death of Lord Kildare on 19 November 1773, Emily married her children's tutor, William Ogilvie on 26 August 1774. Emily had begun an affair some years earlier in Frescati House.[1] Despite her remarriage she continued to be known as The Dowager Duchess of Leinster. Ogilvie was nine years her junior, and was the natural father of her youngest son from her first marriage. They lived for part of their marriage at Ardglass Castle in Ardglass, County Down, where Ogilvie worked to develop the village.[2] A further three children were born to them after their marriage:
Emily was treated generously in her first husband's will. He left her a jointure of 4,000 pounds annually (increased from the 3,000 promised in the settlement), and a life interest in Leinster House (Dublin) and Carton (which she exchanged for Frescati House and 40,000 pounds) together with all their contents. She had brought the usual ducal daughter's dowry of 10,000 pounds, so the jointure and other payments would cripple her son the 2nd Duke of Leinster financially. The 1st Duke also made over-generous provisions for his younger sons and all his daughters. Emily, Duchess of Leinster and her second husband, also received the usual annuity of 400 pounds annually for each of the minor children who lived with her. Thus, Emily and William Ogilvie were probably financially better off than the 2nd Duke, who existed on less than 7,000 pounds annually out of which he had to run two large houses, play a role in Irish politics, and also provide lavish dowries of 10,000 each for three sisters who married. He also had to pay huge annuities (2,000 each) to the next youngest brothers Lord Lecale and Lord Henry Fitzgerald, and to pay the youngest brothers 10,000 each at their majority. Since Emily lived to 1814 (outliving the 2nd Duke by ten years), all these generous testamentary provisions, along with the huge building costs incurred by the 1st Duke, crippled the Leinsters for generations.[4] Fourteen of her children predeceased her. One of her sons, Lord Edward FitzGerald, was a major figure in the republican movement, and was killed during the Irish Rebellion of 1798. She died on 27 March 1814 in Grosvenor Square, London.[5] Popular cultureIn 1999, a six-part BBC miniseries based on the lives of Emily Lennox and her sisters aired in the U.K. It was called Aristocrats. Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster |2= 2. Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond |3= 3. Sarah Cadogan |4= 4. Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond |5= 5. Anne Brudenell |6= 6. William Cadogan, 1st Earl Cadogan |7= 7. Margaret Cecilia Munter |8= 8. Charles II of England |9= 9. Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth |10= 10. Francis Brudenell, Lord Brudenell |11= 11. Frances Savile |12= 12. Henry Cadogan |13= 13. Bridget Waller |14= 14. Jan Munter |15= 15. Margaretha Trip |16= 16. Charles I of England |17= 17. Henrietta Maria of France |18= 18. Guillaume de Penancoët, Seigneur de Kérouaille |19= 19. Marie de Ploeuc de Timeur |20= 20. Robert Brudenell, 2nd Earl of Cardigan |21= 21. Anne Savage |22= 22. Thomas Savile, 1st Earl of Sussex |23= 23. Anne Villiers |24= 24. William Cadogan |25= 25. Elizabeth Roberts |26= 26. Hardress Waller |27= 27. Mary (Elizabeth) Dowdall |28= 28. Joan Munter |29= 29. Margaretha Geelvinck |30= 30. Hendrick Trip |31= 31. Cecilia Godin }} ReferencesBibliography
Sources
Citations1. ^{{cite book |title= The Pursuit of the Heiress |last= Malcolmson |first=A.P.W. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 2006 |publisher= Ulster Historical Foundation |location= |isbn= 1-903688-65-5|pages= 41 |url= }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Leinster, Emily Fitzgerald, Duchess Of}}2. ^{{cite book|last1=Bence-Jones|first1=Mark|title=A Guide to Irish County Houses|date=1988|publisher=Constable|location=London|isbn=0 09 469990 9|page=10}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=BEAUCLERK, Charles George (1774-1845), of South Lodge, St. Leonards, nr. Horsham, Suss. {{!}} History of Parliament Online|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/beauclerk-charles-george-1774-1845|website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org|accessdate=27 May 2018}} 4. ^A. P. W. Malcomson (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=_WavuZbI41UC&pg=PA24&lpg=PA24&dq= The Pursuit of the Heiress: Aristocratic Marriage in Ireland 1740-1840]. Retrieved 25 January 2013. 5. ^http://genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00000034&tree=LEO 5 : 1731 births|1814 deaths|Daughters of British dukes|British duchesses by marriage|FitzGerald dynasty |
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