| 词条 | Erwin Hillier |
| 释义 |
| name = Erwin Hillier | image = Cinematographer_Erwin_Hillier.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1911|9|2}} | birth_place = Berlin, Germany | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2005|01|10|1911|9|2}} | death_place = London, England | other_names = | occupation = Cinematographer | years_active = 1931–1970 | spouse = Helen Yates-Southgate | website = }}Erwin Hillier (2 September 1911 – 10 January 2005) was a German-born cinematographer known for his work in British cinema from the 1940s to 1960s.[1] Early careerBorn in Germany to English-German Jewish parents (original surname Hiller){{Citation needed|date=March 2012}}, he studied art in Berlin in the late 1920s. Impressed by Hillier's paintings, the director F. W. Murnau offered him a job as camera assistant on Tabu (1931), but Hillier's father intervened because of Murnau's homosexuality. Fortunately, Murnau recommended him to director Fritz Lang at UFA studios, who employed him on his classic M (1931).[2] Soon after he moved to Britain to pursue a career in film.[3] In Britain he worked as a camera assistant for Gaumont Pictures, where he worked with Hitchcock. He later moved to Elstree Studios, working on The Man Behind the Mask (1936) with Michael Powell,[4] who noted his "insane enthusiasm". His debut as cinematographer came with Lady from Lisbon (1942). Work with The ArchersImpressed by his work on The Silver Fleet (1943) for their Archers Film Productions, Powell & Pressburger ('The Archers') hired Hillier as cinematographer on A Canterbury Tale (1944), a film about which Powell later said Hillier "did a marvelous job".[5] Despite Powell's recent work with the three-strip Technicolour film process, war shortages meant a return to the black and white stock that Hillier was familiar with. The film is a mixture of British realism and the German expressionist[6] use of extreme light and shade which Hillier has been trained in,[7] and is remembered for its depiction of the English landscape.[8] In his autobiography, Powell recalled his obsession with clouds – he would often beg for filming to be delayed until a cloud had appeared to break up a clear sky.[9] His next film I Know Where I'm Going! (1945), again with The Archers, continued the style of its predecessor. It is features Hillier's technical accomplishments, including mixing studio shots with exteriors, concealing the fact that Roger Livesey, the film's male lead, was working in London whilst the film was being shot in Scotland. With the war at an end, Powell & Pressburger at last had access to colour film. They asked Hillier to share cinematographic duties with the experienced Technicolor cameraman Jack Cardiff on A Matter of Life and Death – unwilling to be sidelined, he declined, bringing his intensely creative partnership with Powell & Pressburger to an end.[10] Post-war careerHillier made his first colour film London Town (1946), starring Sid Field, although he would often return to work in black and white, typical of many British films of the 1940s and 1950s. His films would retain a distinctive expressionist influence in both mediums. He worked for director Michael Anderson on Private Angelo (1949), the first of many collaborations. The last was to be opulent The Shoes of the Fisherman (1968). Their best remembered film would be The Dam Busters (1954), featuring some aerial photography by Hillier.[11] He continued to work until 1970. He died in London in 2005, aged 93 leaving a widow, daughter and sister Gerda Ehrenzweig. Selected filmography
References1. ^{{cite news | first = Tom | last = Vallance | title = Erwin Hillier – Obituaries, News | date = 10 June 2010 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/erwin-hillier-484840.html | work = The Independent | accessdate = 5 October 2010}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Salwolke|first=Scott|title=The films of Michael Powell and the Archers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LnZZAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=1997|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-3183-4|page=110}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Silver|first1=Alain|last2=Ursini|first2=James|title=Film noir reader 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vnVZAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=1999|publisher=Limelight Editions|isbn=978-0-87910-280-7|page=244}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Petrie|first=Duncan J.|title=The British cinematographer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oBXcAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=1996|publisher=British Film Institute Publishing|isbn=978-0-85170-581-1|page=171}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Lazar|first=David|title=Michael Powell: interviews|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6lfK_vKO8ZQC|accessdate=5 October 2010|date=April 2003|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi|isbn=978-1-57806-498-4|page=51}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Souto|first=H. Mario Raimondo|title=Motion picture photography: a history, 1891–1960|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2aNMXaOSboAC&pg=PA368|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=2007|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-2784-0|page=197}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Hauser|first=Kitty|title=Shadow sites: photography, archaeology, and the British landscape, 1927–1955|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A3mv5Kh9o5oC&pg=PA260|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-920632-2|page=260}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Harper|first1=Graeme|last2=Rayner|first2=Jonathan|title=Cinema and Landscape: Film, Nation and Cultural Geography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zA-ngYdpUkIC&pg=PA155|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=2010|publisher=Intellect Books|isbn=978-1-84150-309-7|page=155}} 9. ^{{cite book|last=Powell|first=Michael|title=A life in movies: an autobiography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dUB8QgAACAAJ|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=2000|publisher=Faber|isbn=978-0-571-20431-1|quote=The only thing he was a bit loony about was clouds in the sky. He detested a clear sky, and it sometimes seemed to me that he forgot about the story and the actors in order to gratify this passion. 'Meekee, Meekee, please wait another few minutes,' he would plead. 'There is a little cloud over there and it is coming our way, I'm sure it is.' 'Oh, for God's sake, Erwin! It won't make the slightest bit of difference to the actor's performance.' 'Meekee, Meekee, please just five more minutes please!' This would go on all day. I admired his dedication.}} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Connelly|first=Mark |title=The red shoes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VYyFEzgeCLUC&pg=PA19|accessdate=5 October 2010|year=2005|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-84511-071-0|pages=19–20}} 11. ^{{cite news | first = David | last = Gritten | title = The Dam Busters bounce back – Telegraph | date = 10 June 2010 | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/7818392/The-Dam-Busters-bounce-back.html | work = Telegraph | accessdate = 5 October 2010 | quote = You might imagine, given its subsequent fame, that the film would have won several awards. Not so; director of photography Erwin Hillier's special effects were Oscar-nominated, and the film received three Bafta nominations, but without success. }} External links
9 : 1911 births|2005 deaths|English cinematographers|German cinematographers|English Jews|German Jews|German emigrants to England|German people of English descent|English people of German-Jewish descent |
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