| 词条 | Fauske | |||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Fauske |native_name = Fuosko suohkan |native_name_lang = smj |other_name = |official_name = |image_skyline = Fauske sentrum.jpg |image_caption = View of Fauske sentrum |idnumber = 1841 |county = Nordland |district = Salten |capital = Fauske |established = 1 Jan 1905 |demonym = fauskeværing fauskværing |language = Bokmål |coatofarms = Fauske komm.svg |flag = |munwebpage = fauske.kommune.no |mayor = Jørn Stene |mayor_party = Local list |mayor_as_of = 2015 |area_rank = 83 |area_total_km2 = 1204.75 |area_land_km2 = 1107.33 |area_water_km2 = 97.42 |area_water_percent = 8.1 |population_as_of = 2018 |population_rank = 115 |population_total = 9,775 |population_density_km2 = 8.8 |population_increase = 3.1 |coordinates = {{coord|67|13|14|N|15|48|31|E|region:NO|display=inline,title}} |utm_zone = 33W |utm_northing = 7456216 |utm_easting = 0534948 | geo_cat = adm2nd }}{{native name|no|{{Audio-nohelp|Fauske.ogg|Fauske}}|nbsp=omit|italics=off}} or {{native name|smj|Fuossko|nbsp=omit|italics=off}}[1] is a municipality located in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Salten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Fauske. Some of the villages in Fauske include Nystad, Venset, Straumsnes, and Sulitjelma. The municipality borders Sweden in the east and the municipalities of Sørfold to the north, Bodø to the west, and Saltdal to the southeast. The town is located on the northern shore of Skjerstad Fjord. The {{convert|1205|km2|adj=on}} municipality is the 83rd largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Fauske is the 115th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,775. The municipality's population density is {{convert|8.8|PD/km2}} and its population has increased by 3.1% over the last decade.[2][3] General informationThe municipality was established on 1 January 1905 when the municipality of Skjerstad was divided into Skjerstad (population: 1,709) in the west and Fauske (population: 4,646) in the east. The municipal borders haven't changed since that time. In 1998, the municipality declared township for its administrative centre.[4] NameThe municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Fauske farm (Old Norse: Fauskar), since the first Fauske Church was built there (in 1867). The name is the plural form of fauskr which means "old and rotten tree".[5] Coat of armsThe coat of arms was granted in 1988. The arms show a red reef knot on a gray background. It was chosen to represent Fauske as a center of commerce and transportation for the region.[6][7] ChurchesThe Church of Norway has three parishes ({{lang|no|sokn}}) within the municipality of Fauske. It is part of the Salten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland.
EconomySeveral marble quarries are located in the municipality. The marble is exported to many countries, where it can be observed in many monumental buildings, among them the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. There are also dolostone quarries in Fauske, as well as some agriculture. Salten Kraftsamband and Fauske Lysverk are important employers in Fauske. The town is a commercial centre for parts of the inland areas of Salten, and has hotel and camping facilities. FK Fauske/Sprint is the local soccer team. Historically, mining in Sulitjelma was very important. GovernmentAll municipalities in Norway, including Fauske, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor.[8] The municipality falls under the Salten District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal. Municipal councilThe municipal council ({{lang|no|Kommunestyre}}) of Fauske is made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:[9] {{Kommunestyre table|name = Fauske |start = 2015 |end = 2019 |Total = 27 |nynorsk = |Arbeiderpartiet = 5 |Fremskrittspartiet = 3 |Høyre = 3 |Kristelig_Folkeparti = 1 |Senterpartiet = |Sosialistisk_Venstreparti = 1 |Venstre = 1 |Pensjonistpartiet = |Rødt = 2 |Grønne = |Kyst = |Kristne = |Local_Lists = 11 |}} TransportationThe Nordland Line passes through the municipality, reaching Bodø west of Fauske. Travellers going further north usually leave the train in Fauske, and travel by express bus to Narvik or further, using European route E6 which goes through the center of Fauske. The E6 from Mo i Rana north to Fauske crosses over the Saltfjellet mountains, and the E6 further north to Narvik also goes through very rugged terrain; these are among the most scenic drives in Norway, although there are many tunnels in the Sørfold area. The Norwegian national road Rv 80 to Bodø, about {{convert|62|km}} to the west, departs from E6 in the centre of Fauske. The Norwegian County Road 830 runs from the town of Fauske to the east to the village of Sulitjelma. The road passes through several tunnels: Grønnlifjell Tunnel, Hårskolten Tunnel, Sjønståfjell Tunnel, and Stokkviknakken Tunnel. The road follows the old Sulitjelma Line railroad. NatureThere are two large glaciers in Fauske: Blåmannsisen and the Sulitjelma Glacier; covering about 14% of the municipality. The highest mountain is Suliskongen at {{convert|1907|m|ft}} above sea level. There are many lakes in the municipality, such as Blåmannsisvatnet, Kjelvatnet, Låmivatnet, Langvatnet, Muorkkejávrre, Nedrevatnet, Øvrevatnet, and Vuolep Sårjåsjávrre. Junkerdal National Park and Sjunkhatten National Park are partly located in Fauske.[10] Sulitjelma, located {{convert|44|km}} by road east of Fauske, is a good starting point for hiking in the mountains and hikes to the glaciers. There are several DNT lodges in this area. There are many nature reserves in the municipality, such as Veten nature reserve with calcareous pine forest and a rich understory[11] and Fauskeeidet wetland area with rich bird life and observation tower.[12] There are several caves in the municipality. The fairly easy accessible Svarthamarhola (Svarthamar cave) is one of the largest caves in northern Europe, also hosting one of the worlds most northerly bat colonies.[13] ClimateFauske is located inside the Arctic circle and has 24 hours of daylight from early May to the beginning of August, with midnight sun from the beginning of June to the second week of July. The area nearly has polar night for part of December because it has sunrise at 11 am and sunset before noon. Average 24-hour temperatures in Fauske is below freezing from mid-November to the last part of March, but the ice-free Skjerstad Fjord moderates winter temperatures. Summer starts in June with moderate summer temperatures lasting until early September. Precipitation is heaviest from September to December (usually as snow in December); average annual precipitation is {{convert|1040|mm}}. Daytime temperatures are usually significantly warmer than the 24-hr average from March to September, while there is very little diurnal temperature variation from November to early February as the sun is very low or below the horizon all day. However, temperatures varies considerably with the weather; there might be cool westerly winds with temperatures of {{convert|10|C}} and rain both night and day in July, and the next day might be sunny with daytime temperature reaching {{convert|25|C}}. Southwesterly winds can bring thaws anytime in winter, but not in the mountains, which usually get large amounts of snow in winter—the main reason for the large glaciers and the hydropower in the area. {{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line= yes |location=Fauske |Jan mean C=-4.2 |Feb mean C=-3.6 |Mar mean C=-1.7 |Apr mean C=2.1 |May mean C=7.4 |Jun mean C=11.2 |Jul mean C=13.0 |Aug mean C=12.5 |Sep mean C=8.5 |Oct mean C=4.4 |Nov mean C=-0.5 |Dec mean C=-3.0 |year mean C=3.8 |Jan precipitation cm= |Jan precipitation mm=98 |Feb precipitation cm= |Feb precipitation mm=81 |Mar precipitation cm= |Mar precipitation mm=75 |Apr precipitation cm= |Apr precipitation mm=53 |May precipitation cm= |May precipitation mm=45 |Jun precipitation cm= |Jun precipitation mm=53 |Jul precipitation cm= |Jul precipitation mm=78 |Aug precipitation cm= |Aug precipitation mm=79 |Sep precipitation cm= |Sep precipitation mm=110 |Oct precipitation cm= |Oct precipitation mm=147 |Nov precipitation cm= |Nov precipitation mm=105 |Dec precipitation cm= |Dec precipitation mm=116 |year precipitation cm= |year precipitation mm=1040 |source 1= [14] |date=May 2012}} Notable residents
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.kartverket.no/kart/stedsnavn/stadnamn-og-rettskriving/|title=Stadnamn og rettskriving|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2018-07-13|publisher=Kartverket}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)|url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/06913/|year=2018|language=Norwegian|author=Statistisk sentralbyrå|authorlink=Statistics Norway|accessdate=2019-01-26}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/09280/|title=09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)|language=Norwegian|author=Statistisk sentralbyrå|authorlink=Statistics Norway|accessdate=2019-01-26}} 4. ^{{cite web|first=Dag|last=Jukvam|publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå|title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen|year=1999|url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf|language=Norwegian}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Norske gaardnavne: Nordlands amt|edition=16|authorlink=Oluf Rygh|last=Rygh|first=Oluf|publisher=W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri|year=1905|location=Kristiania, Norge|page=225|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K21BAAAAIAAJ|language=Norwegian}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://snl.no/Fauske|title=Fauske|author=Store norske leksikon|authorlink=Store norske leksikon|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2012-04-04}} 7. ^{{cite web|publisher=Heraldry of the World|title=Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen|url=http://www.ngw.nl/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Fauske |accessdate=2019-01-26}} 8. ^{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://snl.no/kommunestyre|title=kommunestyre|editor-first=Tore|editor-last=Hansen|accessdate=2019-01-01|date=2016-05-12|encyclopedia=Store norske leksikon|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |language=Norwegian}} 9. ^{{cite web|publisher=Statistics Norway|url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/04813/|title=Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)|language=Norwegian}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dirnat.no/content/1546/Junkerdal-nasjonalpark|title=Junkerdal Nasjonalpark|accessdate=2012-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606041951/http://www.dirnat.no/content/1546/Junkerdal-nasjonalpark|archive-date=2011-06-06|dead-url=yes|df=}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://nordland.miljostatus.no/msf_themepage.aspx?m=1705#4572 |title=Veten naturreservat |accessdate=2008-11-20 |language=Norwegian |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091955/http://nordland.miljostatus.no/msf_themepage.aspx?m=1705 |archivedate=2007-09-29 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://nordland.miljostatus.no/msf_themepage.aspx?m=1560#8218 |title=Fauskeeidet naturreservat |accessdate=2008-11-20 |language=Norwegian |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929102651/http://nordland.miljostatus.no/msf_themepage.aspx?m=1560 |archivedate=2007-09-29 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.speleo.no/hellas2005/Svarthamar_Lauritzen_et_al-Athen2005_ref64.pdf|title=Svarthammarhola cave research|accessdate=2008-12-28}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://met.no/observasjoner/nordland/normaler_for_kommune_1841.html?kommuner |title=Temperaturnormaler for Fauske i perioden 1961 - 1990 |publisher=Met.no |accessdate=4 April 2012 }}{{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} External links
4 : Fauske|Municipalities of Nordland|Populated places of Arctic Norway|1905 establishments in Norway |
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