| 词条 | Urethrocele |
| 释义 |
| name = Urethrocele | synonyms = Cystourethrocele | image = | caption = | pronounce = {{IPAc-en|j|ʊəˈr|iː|θ|r|ə|s|iː|l}}{{refn|{{MerriamWebsterDictionary|accessdate=2016-01-22|Urethrocele}}}}{{refn|{{Dictionary.com|accessdate=2016-01-22|Urethrocele}}}} | field = Gynecology | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} A urethrocele is the prolapse of the female urethra into the vagina. Weakening of the tissues that hold the urethra in place may cause it to protrude into the vagina.[1][2] Urethroceles often occur with cystoceles (involving the urinary bladder as well as the urethra).[3] In this case, the term used is cystourethrocele.[4][5] Signs and symptomsThere are often no symptoms associated with a urethrocele.[1] When present, symptoms include stress incontinence, increased urinary frequency, and urinary retention (difficulty in emptying the bladder).[1][4] Pain during sexual intercourse may also occur.[3] ComplicationsWhere a urethrocele causes difficulty in urinating, this can lead to cystitis.[1] CauseUrethroceles can often result as a result of damage to the supporting structures of the pelvic floor. Urethroceles can form after treatment for gynegological cancers.[6] Urethroceles are often caused by childbirth, the movement of the baby through the vagina causing damage to the surrounding tissues.[3] When they occur in women who have never had children, they may be the result of a congenital weakness in the tissues of the pelvic floor.[7] TreatmentA urethrocele can be treated surgically.[2] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | last =Curtis | first =Jeannette | title =Urethrocele (urethral prolapse) | publisher =WebMD | date =2007-05-27 | url =http://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/urethrocele-urethral-prolapse | accessdate =2007-11-10 }} 2. ^1 {{cite book | last =Ostrzenski | first =Adam | title =Gynecology: Integrating Conventional, Complementary, and Natural Alternative Therapy | publisher =Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | year =2001 | pages =333 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=TYlZsGdwqrQC | isbn =978-0-7817-2761-7 }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web | last =Rhodes | first =Monica | title =Repair of bladder prolapse (cystocele) or urethra prolapse (urethrocele) | publisher =WebMD | date =2006-10-26 | url =http://www.webmd.com/urinary-incontinence-oab/repair-of-the-bladder-or-urethra | accessdate =2007-11-10 }} 4. ^1 {{cite book | last =Drife | first =James O. |author2=Brian A. Magowan | title =Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology | publisher =Elsevier Health Sciences | year =2004 | pages =240 | url =https://books.google.com/?id=VpK0Mm5B2zEC&pg=PA240 | isbn =978-0-7020-1775-9 }} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/pelvic-relaxation-syndromes/cystoceles,-urethroceles,-enteroceles,-and-rectoceles|title=Cystoceles, Urethroceles, Enteroceles, and Rectoceles - Gynecology and Obstetrics - Merck Manuals Professional Edition|work=Merck Manuals Professional Edition|access-date=2017-12-28|language=en-US}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Ramaseshan|first=Aparna S.|last2=Felton|first2=Jessica|last3=Roque|first3=Dana|last4=Rao|first4=Gautam|last5=Shipper|first5=Andrea G.|last6=Sanses|first6=Tatiana V. D.|date=2017-09-19|title=Pelvic floor disorders in women with gynecologic malignancies: a systematic review|journal=International Urogynecology Journal|volume=29|issue=4|language=en|pages=459–476|doi=10.1007/s00192-017-3467-4|pmid=28929201|issn=0937-3462}} 7. ^{{cite book | last = DeCherney | first = Alan H. | authorlink = |author2=Lauren Nathan |author3=Martin L. Pernoll | title = Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment | publisher = McGraw-Hill Professional | year = 2003 | location = | pages = 777 | url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=9xD0inFiEIAC | isbn =978-0-8385-1401-6 }} External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = 13563 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|N|81|0|n|80}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|618.03}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = }}{{Diseases of the pelvis, genitals and breasts|state=collapsed}} 2 : Noninflammatory disorders of female genital tract|Women's health |
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