| 词条 | French Industrial Exposition of 1844 |
| 释义 |
| box_width = | class = | category = 10 | image = 1844 Paris Industry Exposition building on the Champes-Élysées.jpg | image_width = | caption = 1844 Paris Industry Exposition building on the Champes-Élysées | year = 1844 | name = Exposition des produits de l'industrie française | motto = | building = | area = | invent = | visitors = | organized = | country = France | city = Paris | venue = Champs-Élysées | coord = | cand = | award = | open = 1 May 1844 | close = 29 June 1844 }} The French Industrial Exposition of 1844 ({{lang-fr|Exposition des produits de l'industrie française en 1844}}), held in a temporary structure on the Champs-Élysées in Paris, was the tenth in a series of eleven French national industrial expositions held to encourage improvements in progressive agriculture and in technology, that had their origins in 1798. HistoryIn 1844 the exposition last 60 days, with 3,960 exhibitors.{{sfn|Douyere-Demeulenaere|2005|p=2}} It opened in the Champs-Élysées on 1 May and closed on 29 June.{{sfn|Chandler – Expositions of the July Monarchy}} In the 1844 exposition it was found necessary to exclude retailers who did not make their own products, and to eliminate anything that was not socially useful, which included both freak artisan products and instruments used only by scientists. Entrants had to fill out a form that gave information about their business including its nature, number of employees, materials used, export and domestic earning and so on. The king of France, Louis Philippe I, opened the exposition and toured all the exhibits. Hector Berlioz composed and conducted the Hymne à la France, a great symphonic and choral work performed during the opening. Several vaudeville skits were performed during the exposition.{{sfn|Chandler – Expositions of the July Monarchy}} The king came back every Monday to examine some exhibits in more detail. There were 3,969 exhibitors, with most exhibits held in forty galleries in the grand hall. Exhibits were placed in the categories: Fabrics, Metals and other Minerals, Machinery, Precision Instruments, Chemical Arts, Fine Arts, Pottery, and Diverse Arts.{{sfn|Chandler – Expositions of the July Monarchy}} The jury finished judging the exhibits on 25 July 1844.{{sfn|Jury central|1844|p=v}} Louis Philippe presided over an award ceremony on 29 July 1844 in the Tuileries. He personally presented 31 Legion of Honour medals to the most distinguished exhibitors. In all there were 3,253 awards.{{sfn|Chandler – Expositions of the July Monarchy}} Legion of Honour awardsLegion of Honour awards were:{{sfn|Colmont|1855|pp=332ff}} {{div col|colwidth=30em}}Notable and unusual
InfluenceThough it was the tenth Paris exposition, it began to spawn imitators elsewhere in the world, including the 1851 Great Exhibition in London, which was open to international exhibitors from the entire world and outshone the highly successful French exhibition. Other European expositions soon followed: Bern and Madrid in 1845; Brussels with an elaborate industrial exposition in 1847; Bordeaux in 1847; Saint Petersburg in 1848; and Lisbon in 1849. The exposition returned to Paris in 1849, called the Exposition of the Second Republic or Exposition Nationale des produits de l’industrie agricole et manufacturière, with 5,494 exhibitors and was replaced in 1855 by an international exhibition.{{fact|date=October 2017}} References1. ^Journal des débats politiques et littéraires 29 juillet 1844 Paris {{Commons category|Exposition nationale (1844)}}Sources{{refbegin}}
|last=Chandler |first=Arthur |url=http://www.arthurchandler.com/expositions-of-the-july-monarchy|accessdate=2017-10-12}}
|last=Colmont|first=Achille de|title=Histoire des Expositions des produits de l'Industrie Française|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=270eAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA332 |accessdate=2017-10-11|year=1855|publisher=Guillaumin|language=fr}}
|last=Douyere-Demeulenaere|first=Christiane|year=2005 |url=http://www.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr/chan/chan/fonds/edi/sm/sm_pdf/F12-Expositions%20avant%201850.pdf}}
|title=Exposition des produits de l'industrie française en 1844. Rapport du jury central |volume=2 |publisher=Le Conservatoire numérique des Arts & Métiers}}
|author=Jury central|title=Rapport du Jury central ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MJdBAAAAIAAJ&pg=PR5|accessdate=2017-10-13 |year=1844|publisher=Imprimerie de Fain et Thunot|language=fr}}{{refend}}{{List of world's fairs in France}}Expositions_universelles_de_Paris#Exposition_nationale_de_1844 6 : July Monarchy|World's fairs in Paris|1844 in France|19th century in Paris|1844 festivals|Festivals established in 1844 |
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