| 词条 | Gamma Velorum |
| 释义 |
| name=γ2 Velorum }}{{Starbox observe | constell=Vela | epoch=J2000 | ra={{RA|08|09|31.95013}}[1] | dec={{DEC|–47|20|11.7108}}[1] | appmag_v=1.83[2] {{nowrap|(1.81 - 1.87[3])}} }}{{Starbox character | class=WC8 + O7.5III[4] | b-v=−0.25[2] | u-b=−0.94[2] | variable=Wolf-Rayet[3] }}{{Starbox astrometry | radial_v=+12 ± 1[5] | prop_mo_ra=–6.07[1] | prop_mo_dec=+10.43[1] | parallax=2.92 | p_error=0.30 | parallax_footnote=[1] | dist_pc=336{{±|8|7}}[6] | absmag_v=−4.23 + −5.63[6] }}{{Starbox detail | component1 = WR | mass = 9.0 ± 0.6[6] | radius = 6 ± 3[6] | temperature = 57,000[7] | luminosity = | luminosity_bolometric = 170,000[6] | luminosity_visual = | gravity = | metal = | metal_fe = | rotation = | rotational_velocity = | age = | age_myr = 3.5[19]-5.5[8] | age_gyr = | component2 = O | mass2 = 28.5 ±1.1[6] | radius2 = 17 ± 2[6] | temperature2 = 35,000[7] | luminosity2 = | luminosity_bolometric2 = 280,000[6] | age_myr2 = 3.5[19]-5.5[8] }}{{Starbox orbit | reference = [9] | primary = O | name = WR | period = | period_unitless = 78.53 ± 0.01 days | axis = | axis_unitless = 1.2[6] AU | eccentricity = 0.326 ± 0.01 | inclination = 65 ± 8 | node = 248 ± 4 | periastron = 2,450,120.5 ± 2 | periarg = | periarg_primary = | k1 = 38.4 ± 2 | k2 = 122 ± 2 }}{{Starbox catalog | names=Regor, Suhail Al-Muhlif, CD−46°3847, FK5 309, HD 68273, HIP 39953, HR 3207, SAO 219504, WR 11 }}{{Starbox reference | Simbad=HD+68273 }}{{Starbox end}}{{Starbox begin | name=γ1 Velorum }}{{Starbox observe | epoch=J2000 | ra={{RA|08|09|29.3260}}[10] | dec={{DEC|–47|20|43.027}}[10] | appmag_v=4.27[31] | constell=Vela }}{{Starbox character | class=B2III[19] | b-v=−0.22[31] | u-b=−0.92[31] | variable= }}{{Starbox astrometry | radial_v=+9.7 ± 1[11] | prop_mo_ra=–0.6[12] | prop_mo_dec=+9.7[12] | parallax= | p_error= | parallax_footnote= | dist_pc= | absmag_v=−3.62[19] }}{{Starbox detail | mass = 14[19] | radius = | luminosity = | luminosity_bolometric = | luminosity_visual = | gravity = | temperature = | metal = | metal_fe = | rotation = | rotational_velocity = | age = | age_myr = 8[19] | age_gyr = }}{{Starbox catalog | names=CD−46°3846, HD 68243, HR 3206, SAO 219501 }}{{Starbox reference | Simbad=HD+68243 }}{{Starbox end}} }} Gamma Velorum (Latinised from γ Velorum, abbreviated γ Vel) is a quadruple star system in the constellation Vela. At a combined magnitude +1.7, it is one of the brightest stars in the night sky, and contains by far the closest and brightest Wolf-Rayet star. It has the traditional name Suhail al Muhlif and the modern name Regor, but neither is approved by the International Astronomical Union. The γ Velorum system includes a pair of stars separated by 41", each of which is also a spectroscopic binary system. γ2 Velorum, the brighter of the visible pair, contains the Wolf-Rayet star and a blue supergiant, while γ1 Velorum contains a blue giant and an unseen companion. Distance{{Location mark|image=Vela constellation map.svg|type=thumb|alt=|float=left|width=260 |label=|position=right |mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=12|mark_link=Gamma Velorum|x=897|y=482 |caption=Location of γ Velorum (circled) }} Gamma Velorum is close enough to have accurate parallax measurements as well as distance estimates by more indirect means. The Hipparcos parallax for γ2 implies a distance of 342 pc. A dynamical parallax derived from calculations of the orbital parameters gives a value of 336 pc, similar to spectrophotometric derivations. A VLTI interferometry measurement of the distance gives a slightly larger value of 368 ± 51 pc. All these distances are somewhat less than the commonly assumed distance of 450 pc for the Vela OB2 association which is the closest grouping of young massive stars.[13] Stellar systemThe Gamma Velorum system is composed of at least four stars. The brightest member, γ2 Velorum or γ Velorum A, is a spectroscopic binary composed of a blue supergiant of spectral class O7.5 ({{Solar mass|link=y|~30}}), and a massive Wolf-Rayet star ({{Solar mass|~9}}, originally {{Solar mass|~35}}).[8] The binary has an orbital period of 78.5 days and separation varying from 0.8 to 1.6 astronomical units. The Wolf-Rayet star is likely to end its life in a Type Ib supernova explosion; it is one of the nearest supernova candidates to the Sun.[14] The Wolf-Rayet star has traditionally been regarded as the primary since its emission lines dominate the spectrum, but the O star is visually brighter and also more luminous. For clarity, the components are now often referred to as WR and O.[6] The bright (apparent magnitude +4.2) γ1 Velorum or γ Velorum B, is a spectroscopic binary with a period of 1.48 days. Only the primary is detected and it is a blue-white giant. It is separated from the Wolf-Rayet binary by 41.2", easily resolved with binoculars.[15] The pair are too close to be separated without optical assistance, and they appear to the naked eye as a single star of apparent magnitude 1.72 (at the average brightness of γ2 of 1.83). Gamma Velorum has several fainter companions that share a common motion and are likely to be members of the Vela OB2 association.[15] The magnitude +7.3 CD-46 3848 is a white F0 star at is 62.3 arcseconds from the A component. At 93.5 arcseconds is another binary star, an F0 star of magnitude +9.2. γ Velorum is associated with several hundred pre main sequence stars within less than a degree. The ages of these stars would be at least 5 million years.[15] EtymologyThe Arabic name is al Suhail al Muḥlīf. al Muhlif refers to the oath-taker, and al Suhail is originally derived from a word meaning the plain. Suhail is used for at least three other stars: Canopus; λ Velorum (al Suhail al Wazn); and ζ Puppis (Suhail Hadar). Suhail is also a common Arabic male first name.[16] In Chinese, {{lang|zh|天社}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Tiān Shè}}), meaning Celestial Earth God's Temple, refers to an asterism consisting of γ2 Velorum, δ Velorum, κ Velorum and b Velorum.[17] Consequently, γ2 Velorum itself is known as {{lang|zh|天社一}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Tiān Shè yī}}), "the First Star of Celestial Earth God's Temple".[18] The name Regor ("Roger" spelled in reverse) was invented as a practical joke by the Apollo 1 astronaut Gus Grissom for his fellow astronaut Roger Chaffee.[19] Due to the exotic nature of its spectrum (bright emission lines in lieu of dark absorption lines) it is also dubbed the Spectral Gem of Southern Skies.[20] See also
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